叶 自五月间生产,将交白露,日泻五六次,每泻必先痛形寒战栗,气冲入脘欲呕,脉
来右濡,下坠入尺,以冷湿挟阴浊,致阻遏阳气流行(脉症如此,虚寒显然。)法当辛温宣通
阳痹。
炒黑川椒 煨广木香 天台乌药 川楝子 生益智仁 生香附
气浓味薄,专主温通,更妙川楝一味,阳中有阴。
沈(桐泾桥,四十五岁) 经漏已三年,淋漓带下黄白,视色脉不受温暖,固下汤散力量
难以直达冲任。古局方中有震灵丹,每早服六十粒,是固奇脉药,可使其缓。欲求全愈。非
大剂人参不可。
包(十八岁) 经阻三月,咳嗽失血,交夜蒸蒸身热,脉来左搏而促,是阳气烦蒸,致逆
诸络,血液不得汇集冲脉,秋深经水不来,必加寒热瘦削,称干血劳矣(老笔确凿。)
生鳖甲 全当归 生白芍 粉丹皮 原生地 茺蔚子 南查肉 生麦芽
仰(三十岁) 产后自乳,三年肉消,夜热咳嗽蓐劳,皆产伤真阴,阴虚生热,络中无血
,气入络,变化有形,为气聚之瘕。医攻瘕则谬,理嗽亦非。以下损之伤在肝肾,奇经之虚
,肺药寒凉,望其止嗽,嗽必不效,胃伤经阻则凶。
冯(十四岁) 室女经初至,必是畏热,因热受凉,致冲任伤,遂经漏不已。血色凝紫,
腹中仍痛,是从前经至失调所致。和血脉之中,必佐阴中之阳勿腻滞者,问痛得按姑缓者属
虚。
当归身 炒小茴香 甘枸杞 真沙苑 人参 鹿角霜 交桂心 紫石英
问及得按姑缓,用药温而不腻,何等细密。
陈(二十九岁) 产后二年,经水不转,呕涎沫不饥,喜酸味,肝阴久虚,伤损在下焦,
阳气逆乘,头巅晕痛(惟晕而痛,乃知阳气逆乘细极。)议用酸甘,化阴和阳。
原生地 白芍 乌梅肉 大麻仁 炙甘草 炒焦枸杞 漂淡天门冬
凡清阳主上升,浊阳主下伏,所谓逆乘,乃下焦浊阳耳。
蔡(四十四岁) 上年产后致损,所见皆由肝肾阴虚。忌与燥热,见崩漏虚热,骱肿寒热
,不必缕缕。
清阿胶 云茯神 细生地 生白芍 粗桂枝木 炙甘草
方(五泾庙前,二十六岁) 死胎至旬日乃下,必有尸秽浊气,留着冲任脉中,至今黄白
淋带,病患说腰已下冰冷,大便久溏,产后刚药难用,用朱南阳方法。
叶天士医案:患者自五月间分娩后,临近白露节气,每日腹泻五六次。每次腹泻前必先感到疼痛、怕冷、身体颤抖,气逆冲入胃脘部想要呕吐。脉象右手濡软,沉取至尺部时感觉下坠。这是由于冷湿夹杂阴浊之气,阻碍了阳气的正常运行(从脉症来看,虚寒之象非常明显)。治疗法则应当使用辛温药物来宣通阳气痹阻。
这些药物气味浓郁而质地轻薄,专门主治温通作用。更妙的是川楝子这一味药,体现了“阳中有阴”的特性。
沈姓患者(桐泾桥,四十五岁):漏下出血已持续三年,淋漓不尽,白带黄白相间。观察其神色和脉象,显示身体不耐受温补,固涩止带的汤剂或散剂力量难以直接到达冲脉和任脉。古代《局方》中有一方名为震灵丹,每天早晨服用六十粒,这是固摄奇经八脉的药物,可以使病情缓解。若想求得痊愈,非重用大剂量人参不可。
包姓患者(十八岁):月经停止三个月,伴有咳嗽、咳血,入夜后身体蒸热。脉象左手搏动急促,这是阳气烦扰蒸腾,导致气逆侵犯各条络脉,血液无法汇聚于冲脉。深秋时节月经仍不来潮,必定会加重寒热交替、身体消瘦的症状,这就称为“干血劳”了(老练的笔法确凿无疑)。
生鳖甲 全当归 生白芍 粉丹皮 原生地 茺蔚子 南查肉 生麦芽
仰姓患者(三十岁):产后自行哺乳,三年间肌肉消瘦,夜间发热、咳嗽,属于产后劳损(蓐劳)。这都是因为产伤导致真阴亏损,阴虚而生内热,络脉中没有血液滋养,气进入络脉,变化形成有形之物,这就是气聚而成的“瘕”块。医生如果攻伐瘕块则是错误的,单纯理肺止咳也不对。因为下部的损伤在于肝肾,奇经八脉虚弱,若用寒凉的肺药,指望能止咳,咳嗽必然无效;若伤了胃气导致月经阻滞,则预后凶险。
冯姓患者(十四岁):未婚少女月经初潮,必然畏热,因热受凉,导致冲脉和任脉受伤,于是经血淋漓不止。血色凝滞发紫,腹部仍然疼痛,这是从前月经来潮时调理不当所致。调和血脉之中,必须佐以阴中之阳且不至于滋腻停滞的药物。询问得知疼痛按压后暂时缓解,这属于虚证。
当归身 炒小茴香 甘枸杞 真沙苑 人参 鹿角霜 交桂心 紫石英
问及疼痛按压后暂时缓解,用药温补而不滋腻,何等细致周密。
陈姓患者(二十九岁):产后两年,月经未恢复,呕吐涎沫,没有食欲,喜欢酸味。肝阴长期亏虚,损伤位于下焦,阳气逆乘而上,导致头顶晕痛(只有晕而且痛,才知道是阳气逆乘,分析极其细致)。建议采用酸甘化阴的方法,调和阴阳。
凡是清阳主上升,浊阳主下伏。所谓的“逆乘”,乃是下焦的浊阳之气。
蔡姓患者(四十四岁):去年产后导致身体亏损,所见症状皆由肝肾阴虚引起。忌用燥热药物。见到崩漏、虚热、关节肿痛、寒热往来等症状,不必一一赘述。
方姓患者(五泾庙前,二十六岁):死胎滞留十天之后才排出,必有尸秽浊气,留滞在冲脉和任脉中,至今仍有黄白色淋浊带下。病患诉说腰部以下冰冷,大便长期溏泄。产后刚体难用峻猛药物,采用朱南阳的方法。
Case of Ye Tianshi: Since the patient gave birth in May, approaching the White Dew solar term, she has been experiencing diarrhea five to six times daily. Prior to each episode of diarrhea, she first experiences pain, aversion to cold, and shivering. Qi rebels upward into the epigastrium, causing nausea. The pulse is soft (Ru) on the right side, and when pressed deeply to the Chi position, there is a sensation of sinking. This is caused by cold-dampness mixed with yin turbidity, obstructing the smooth flow of yang qi (Based on the pulse and symptoms, deficiency-cold is evident). The treatment principle should be to use acrid-warm herbs to disperse and unblock yang obstruction.
Chao Hei Chuan Jiao (Blackened Sichuan Pepper), Wei Guang Mu Xiang (Baked Aucklandia Root), Tian Tai Wu Yao (Tiantai Lindera Fruit), Chuan Lian Zi (Sichuan Chinaberry Seed), Sheng Yi Zhi Ren (Raw Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit), Sheng Xiang Fu (Raw Cyperus Rhizome).
These herbs have strong aromas but light textures, specifically functioning to warm and unblock. More ingeniously, the single herb Chuan Lian Zi embodies the characteristic of "yang containing yin."
Patient Shen (Tongjing Bridge, 45 years old): Vaginal bleeding (Jing Lou) has persisted for three years, dripping continuously, accompanied by yellowish-white leukorrhea. Observing her complexion and pulse indicates that the body cannot tolerate warming tonification; decoctions or powders for securing the lower jiao and stopping discharge lack the strength to directly reach the Chong and Ren meridians. In the ancient *Ju Fang* (Standard Formulas), there is a formula called Zhen Ling Dan (Shaking Spirit Pill). Taking sixty pills every morning is a method to secure the extraordinary vessels, which can alleviate the condition. To seek a complete cure, however, a large dose of Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) is indispensable.
Patient Bao (18 years old): Menstruation has ceased for three months, accompanied by coughing and hemoptysis. At night, the body feels steaming hot. The pulse on the left side is rapid and intermittent (Cu). This indicates yang qi is agitated and steaming, causing rebellion into the collaterals, preventing blood from gathering in the Chong vessel. By late autumn, menstruation still does not return, inevitably leading to alternating chills and fever and emaciation, a condition known as Gan Xue Lao (Dry Blood Consumption) (The veteran physician's judgment is accurate).
Sheng Bie Jia (Raw Turtle Shell), Quan Dang Gui (Whole Angelica Sinensis Root), Sheng Bai Shao (Raw White Peony Root), Fen Dan Pi (Powdered Moutan Cortex), Yuan Sheng Di (Raw Rehmannia Root), Chong Wei Zi (Leonurus Fructus), Nan Zha Rou (South Medlar Flesh), Sheng Mai Ya (Raw Sprouted Barley).
Patient Yang (30 years old): After childbirth, she breastfed naturally. For three years, her flesh has wasted away. Night fever and coughing constitute Ru Lao (Postpartum Consumption). These are all due to injury to true yin during childbirth. Yin deficiency generates internal heat. Without blood in the collaterals, qi enters the collaterals and transforms into tangible masses, forming a Jia (mass) due to qi accumulation. If physicians attack the Jia mass, it is erroneous; treating only the cough is also incorrect. Because the damage below lies in the Liver and Kidney, and the extraordinary vessels are deficient, using cold-cooling lung herbs to expect cessation of cough will fail; if stomach injury leads to menstrual obstruction, the prognosis is ominous.
Patient Feng (14 years old): An unmarried maiden’s menstruation just started. She must have felt heat, then caught cold due to heat, injuring the Chong and Ren meridians, resulting in persistent metrorrhagia. The blood color is coagulated and purplish, and abdominal pain persists. This was caused by improper regulation during previous menstrual cycles. When harmonizing the blood vessels, one must assist with yang within yin, avoiding cloying stagnation. Asking about the pain, relief upon pressure indicates a deficiency pattern.
Dang Gui Shen (Angelica Sinensis Root Head), Chao Xiao Hui Xiang (Stir-fried Fennel Fruit), Gan Gou Qi (Goji Berry), Zhen Sha Yuan (Aster Semen), Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), Lu Jiao Shuang (Deer Antler Frost), Jiao Gui Xin (Cinnamon Twig Heart), Zi Shi Ying (Purple Quartz).
Inquiring about relief upon pressure, the medication is warming yet non-cloying, demonstrating meticulous precision.
Patient Chen (29 years old): Two years postpartum, menstruation has not resumed. She vomits saliva/phlegm, lacks appetite, and craves sour flavors. Liver yin has been deficient for a long time, with damage located in the lower jiao. Yang qi rebels upward, causing dizziness and pain at the vertex (Only dizziness accompanied by pain reveals the subtle mechanism of yang rebellion). It is proposed to use sour and sweet methods to transform yin and harmonize yang.
Yuan Sheng Di (Raw Rehmannia Root), Bai Shao (White Peony Root), Wu Mei Rou (Mume Fruit Flesh), Da Ma Ren (Hemp Seed), Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), Chao Jiao Gou Qi (Stir-fried Goji Berry), Piao Dan Tian Dong (Washed and Lightly Dried Asparagus Root).
Generally, clear yang governs ascending, while turbid yang governs descending/submerging. The so-called "rebellion" refers to turbid yang of the lower jiao.
Patient Cai (44 years old): Last year, postpartum injury led to depletion. All observed symptoms stem from Liver and Kidney yin deficiency. Dry-hot herbs are contraindicated. Regarding metrorrhagia, deficiency heat, joint swelling, and alternating chills and fever, there is no need to elaborate further.
Qing E Jiao (Clear Donkey-hide Gelatin), Yun Fu Shen (Cloud Poria Sclerotium), Xi Sheng Di (Fine Raw Rehmannia Root), Sheng Bai Shao (Raw White Peony Root), Cu Gui Zhi Mu (Coarse Cinnamon Twig Wood), Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice Root).
Patient Fang (Front of Wu Jing Temple, 26 years old): A dead fetus remained for ten days before being expelled. There must be putrefied turbid qi lingering in the Chong and Ren meridians. Until now, she suffers from yellowish-white leukorrhea. The patient reports icy coldness below the waist and chronic loose stools. Strong medicines are difficult to use immediately postpartum; therefore, the method of Zhu Nanyang is employed.