寒病用淡姜汤作引。热用黄连或用石膏、黄柏等味。痰症用贝母。筋络有不快，用钩钩。暑症用青蒿、藿香、木香
等味。毒症用银花。肝气用小茴或玫瑰花、建兰叶、素兰花。邪病用真降香。痢疾用青蒿、藿香、木香、银花、钩钩，
此指
红痢、五色痢也。心神不宁不交，用远志、枣仁、丹参、枸杞等药，其引不可尽述。大抵如热痛用热药为引之类，如不
识其症候，但重用钩钩，或五钱七钱，此品是仙品，医者未洞知其妙。其次莫如金银花，须用一半生一半熟。虚证要药
神品，乃钩钩、枸杞、丹参三味。钩钩为君，须重用。余二品等分，或三钱五钱不等。丹参醋制九次，枸杞盐制九次，
钩钧酒拌晒九次，此皆时医所罕论也。
人中黄 肠胃热毒偶有用入丸散者，今入煎药，则是以粪汁灌人而倒其胃矣。
人中白 飞净入末药。若煎服，是以溺汁灌人矣。
鹿茸麋茸 俱入丸药。外症痘症偶入煎药。又古方以治血寒久痢，今人以治热毒时痢，腐肠而死。
河车脐带 补肾丸药偶用。今入煎剂，腥秽不堪。又，脐带必用数条，肆中以羊肠、龟肠代之。
蚌水 大寒伤胃，前人有用一二匙，治阳明热毒。今人用一碗半碗，以治小儿，死者八九。
蚯蚓 痘症用一二条酒冲，已属不典。今用三四十条，大毒大寒，服者多死。
蜈蚣、蝎子、胡蜂 皆极毒之物，用者多死，间有不死者，幸耳。
石决明 眼科。磨光盐水煮，入末药。今亦以此法入一切煎剂，何义。
白螺壳 此收湿糁药，亦入煎剂，其味何在。
鸡子黄 此少阴不寐引经之药，今无病不用。
燕窝、海参，淡菜、鹿筋、丑筋、鱼肚、鹿尾 此皆食品，不入药剂。必须洗浸极净，加以姜
椒葱酒，方可入口。今与熟地、麦冬、附桂、同煎，则腥臭欲呕。
醋炒半夏、醋 赭石、麻油炒半夏 皆能伤肺，令人声哑而死。
橘白、橘内筋、荷叶边、枇杷核、查核、扁豆壳 此皆方书所弃，今偏取之以示异，更有宜炒者反
用生，宜切者反用囫囵，其类不胜枚举。（各说并见《慎疾刍言》）
桑虫 取桑蠹虫，用以发痘，不知创自何人。予尝遍考痘症诸书，从未见有用之者，及审其质性，
不过为阴寒湿毒之虫耳。惟其有毒，所以亦能发痘。惟其寒湿，所以最能败脾。顾发痘，不从气血而从毒
药，此与揠苗者何异。矧其湿毒侵脾，弱稚何堪。故每见多服桑虫者，毒发则唇肤俱裂。脾败则泄泻不止。
人但见痘症之死，而不知其败在虫毒也。前之既覆，后可鉴矣。其奈蒙蒙者，率犹长夜之不醒，何予欲呼
之用，斯代柝而并咎，夫作俑者之可恨。（《景岳全书》）
牛虱 啖血例比虻虫，苦寒有毒，尤非痘家所宜。而世习用之，其为害不知若干人矣。（《本草从新》）
寒证使用淡姜汤作为药引。热证使用黄连，或者石膏、黄柏等药物。痰症使用贝母。经络不畅，使用钩藤（钩钩）。暑症使用青蒿、藿香、木香等药物。毒症使用金银花。肝气郁结使用小茴香，或玫瑰花、建兰叶、素兰花。邪病使用真降香。痢疾使用青蒿、藿香、木香、金银花、钩藤，这里指的是红痢和五色痢。心神不宁、阴阳不交，使用远志、枣仁、丹参、枸杞等药物，其药引不可尽述。大抵如热痛证使用热性药物作为药引之类。如果不识别其症候，只重用钩藤，或用五钱七钱，此品是仙品，医者未能透彻了解其妙用。其次莫过于金银花，必须一半生用一半熟用。虚证要药神品，乃是钩藤、枸杞、丹参三味药。钩藤为君药，须重用。其余两味药等分，或三钱五钱不等。丹参醋制九次，枸杞盐制九次，钩藤酒拌晒九次，这都是当时医生很少谈论的。
人中黄 肠胃热毒偶尔有用入丸散剂的，现在加入煎药，则是用粪汁灌人而损伤胃气了。
人中白 飞净后研末入药。如果煎服，则是用溺汁灌人了。
鹿茸麋茸 都入丸药。外症痘症偶尔入煎药。又古方用来治疗血寒久痢，今人用来治疗热毒时痢，导致腐肠而死。
河车脐带 补肾丸药偶尔使用。现在加入煎剂，腥秽不堪。又，脐带必用数条，药店中以羊肠、龟肠代替。
蚌水 大寒伤胃，前人有用一二匙，治疗阳明热毒。今人用一碗半碗，用来治疗小儿，死者十之八九。
蚯蚓 痘症用一二条酒冲服，已属不合典法。现在用三四十条，大毒大寒，服用者多死。
蜈蚣、蝎子、胡蜂 都是极毒之物，使用者多死，间或有不死者，侥幸罢了。
石决明 眼科用药。磨光盐水煮，入末药。现在也以此法入一切煎剂，这是什么意思。
白螺壳 这是收湿敷药，也入煎剂，它的味道在哪里。
鸡子黄 这是少阴不寐引经之药，现在无病不用。
燕窝、海参，淡菜、鹿筋、丑筋、鱼肚、鹿尾 这些都是食品，不入药剂。必须洗浸极干净，加上姜椒葱酒，方可入口。现在与熟地、麦冬、附桂同煎，则腥臭欲呕。
醋炒半夏、醋赭石、麻油炒半夏 都能伤肺，令人声哑而死。
橘白、橘内筋、荷叶边、枇杷核、查核、扁豆壳 这些都是方书所弃用的，现在偏偏取之以示异，更有宜炒者反用生，宜切者反用囫囵，其类不胜枚举。（各说并见《慎疾刍言》）
桑虫 取桑蠹虫，用以发痘，不知创自何人。我曾遍考痘症诸书，从未见有用之者，及审其质性，不过是阴寒湿毒之虫耳。惟其有毒，所以亦能发痘。惟其寒湿，所以最能败脾。顾发痘，不从气血而从毒药，这与揠苗助长者有何区别。况且其湿毒侵脾，弱稚何堪。故每见多服桑虫者，毒发则唇肤俱裂。脾败则泄泻不止。人们只见痘症之死，而不知其败在虫毒也。前之既覆，后可鉴矣。其奈蒙蒙者，率犹长夜之不醒，何予欲呼之用，斯代柝而并咎，夫作俑者之可恨。（《景岳全书》）
牛虱 啖血例比虻虫，苦寒有毒，尤其非痘家所宜。而世习用之，其为害不知若干人矣。（《本草从新》）
For cold syndromes (cold-pattern diseases), use light ginger soup as a guiding vehicle (Yin). For heat syndromes, use Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) or Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai), etc. For phlegm syndromes, use Fritillariae Bulbus (Beimu). For discomfort in the meridians and collaterals, use Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis (Gougou). For summerheat syndromes, use Artemisiae Annuae Herba (Qinghao), Agastachis Herba (Huoxiang), and Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang), etc. For toxin syndromes, use Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Jinyinhua). For Liver Qi stagnation, use Foeniculi Fructus (Xiaohui) or Rosa Rugosa (Meiguihua), Cymbopogon distans leaves (Jianlan ye), and Orchidaceae leaves (Sulan hua). For evil pathogens, use Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum (Zhenjiangxiang). For dysentery, use Qinghao, Huoxiang, Muxiang, Jinyinhua, and Gougou; this refers to red dysentery and five-color dysentery. For restless mind and lack of communication between Heart and Kidney, use Polygalae Radix (Yuanzhi), Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (Zaoren), Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Danshen), and Lycii Fructus (Gouqi), etc.; their guiding vehicles cannot be exhaustively listed. Generally speaking, for heat-pain syndromes, hot-natured drugs are used as guiding vehicles. If one does not recognize the syndrome patterns but merely heavily uses Gougou, such as 5 qian or 7 qian, this herb is considered a "fairy product," yet physicians fail to thoroughly understand its subtleties. Next best is Jinyinhua, which must be used half raw and half processed. The divine herbs for deficiency syndromes are Gougou, Gouqi, and Danshen. Gougou serves as the sovereign drug and must be used in heavy doses. The other two are used in equal parts, varying from 3 to 5 qian. Danshen is processed with vinegar nine times, Gouqi with salt nine times, and Gougou mixed with wine and sun-dried nine times; these are topics rarely discussed by contemporary physicians.
Ren Zhong Huang: Occasionally used in pills and powders for gastrointestinal heat-toxin. Now added to decoctions, it amounts to pouring fecal juice into people, thereby damaging the Stomach Qi.
Ren Zhong Bai: After being purified by flying (washing in water until fine powder), it is used in powders. If taken as a decoction, it amounts to pouring urine into people.
Lurong and Mirong: Both are used in pills. For external conditions and smallpox, they are occasionally used in decoctions. Ancient formulas used them to treat chronic dysentery due to blood-cold; modern practitioners use them to treat epidemic dysentery due to heat-toxin, leading to intestinal rot and death.
Heche and Umbilical Cord: Occasionally used in kidney-tonifying pills. Now added to decoctions, they are foul-smelling and unpalatable. Furthermore, several cords are required; pharmacies substitute them with sheep intestines and turtle intestines.
Bengshui: Highly cold and damages the Stomach. Predecessors used one or two spoons to treat Yangming heat-toxin. Modern practitioners use half to one bowl for children, resulting in eight or nine deaths out of ten.
Earthworms: Using one or two earthworms washed in wine for smallpox is already unorthodox. Now using thirty or forty, which are highly toxic and cold, most users die.
Centipedes, Scorpions, and Hornets: All are extremely toxic substances; most users die. Those who survive do so only by luck.
Shijueming: Used in ophthalmology. It is polished, boiled in salt water, and used in powder form. Now it is also added to all decoctions using this method; what is the rationale?
Bailuoke: This is a drying agent for topical application, yet it is also added to decoctions; where lies its efficacy?
Jizihuang: This is a guiding drug for Shaoyin insomnia. Now it is unused even when there is no disease.
Yanwo, Haishen, Dancai, Lu Jin, Choujin, Yudu, and Luwei: These are all food items, not medicinal agents. They must be washed and soaked extremely clean, then cooked with ginger, pepper, scallion, and wine before they are palatable. Now, when decocted together with Shudi, Maidong, Fuzi, and Guizhi, they become foul-smelling and induce vomiting.
Banxia stir-fried with vinegar, Zheshi with vinegar, and Banxia stir-fried with sesame oil: All can damage the Lung, causing hoarseness and death.
Ju Bai, inner fibers of orange, edges of lotus leaves, Pitaya seeds, cherry pits, and Vigna angularis shells: These are discarded in medical texts, yet now they are specifically selected to show novelty. Moreover, those suitable for stir-frying are used raw, and those suitable for slicing are used whole; such examples are too numerous to list. (These views are found in *Shenji Chuyan*)
Sangchong: Taking mulberry borers to induce smallpox eruption; the originator is unknown. I have extensively consulted books on smallpox and never seen any mention of their use. Upon examining their nature, they are merely insects with yin-cold damp-toxin properties. Because they are toxic, they can induce smallpox. Because they are cold and damp, they most easily damage the Spleen. To induce smallpox eruption, relying on toxic drugs rather than regulating Qi and Blood, how is this different from pulling shoots to help them grow? Furthermore, their damp-toxin invades the Spleen; how can weak children endure it? Thus, I often see that those who take excessive Sangchong suffer from cracked lips and skin when the toxin erupts, and incessant diarrhea when the Spleen fails. People only see death from smallpox but do not know it is caused by insect toxin. The past has already overturned; let the future serve as a warning. Alas, for those who remain ignorant, still asleep in the long night, what can be done? I wish to call upon them, but this criticism also condemns the instigator, whose abominable actions are hateful. (*Jingyue Quanshu*)
Niushi: Feeding on blood, similar to Tabanus (Mengchong); bitter, cold, and toxic, especially unsuitable for smallpox patients. Yet the world habitually uses them; the harm caused is incalculable. (*Bencao Congxin*)