五十年前，吐血者绝少，今则年多一年。其症本皆可愈，而多不治者，药误之也。盖血症因伤风咳嗽
而起者，十之七八，因虚劳伤损而起者，十之一二。乃医者概以熟地、人参、麦冬、五味等滋补酸敛之药，
将风火痰瘀俱收拾肺管，令其咳嗽不止，元气震动，津液化痰，不死何待？凡风寒补住，必成痨病，无人不知，
今竟无一人知之矣。盖吐血而嗽者，当清肺降气，略进补阴之品；其不嗽者，乃喉中之络破，故血从络出，
并不必服药，其甚者，只取补络之药以填损处，自可除根，即不服药，亦能自愈，历试不爽。乃病者进以
不服药之说，则虽或面从，背后必非笑随之，进以熟地、麦冬、人参、五味等药，则甘心就死。前者死矣，
后者复然，岂非命乎！
暑字之名义，与寒字相反，乃天行热毒之病也。其症脉微少气，烦渴燥热，甚则手足反冷。若其人汗
出不止，用人参白虎汤主之，如或身热、腹痛、胀满、呕吐、泻痢、厥冷，则名热霍乱，人参断不可用，当
用香薷饮、藿香正气散主之，皆治暑之正法也。若《伤寒论》中又有寒霍乱一症，此乃寒邪入阴，用理中汤
主之。此治寒霍乱之法也，与暑热之霍乱，绝不相干。乃后之医书，于热霍乱门中附入寒霍乱一方，名大顺
散，用肉桂、干姜，即理中汤之变法。其方下亦注明治夏月伤冷冻饮料之症，其说甚明。乃昏昧之人，耳闻
有此方，竟以之治暑热之霍乱，以示奇异。其死也，宛转呼号，唇焦舌裂，七窍见血；热归于内，则手足
反冷，而脉微欲绝，所谓热深厥亦深也（手足冷谓之厥，厥者逆也）。乃病者、医者不知此理，以为服热
药而更冷，其为阴症无疑。故目睹其惨死而无所悔，以后复治他人，热药更加重矣。与治暑热痢者之用四
逆汤，其害正同。举世尽以为必当如此，虽言不信也。
五十年前，患吐血病的人极少，现在则一年比一年多。这些病症本来都可以治愈，但大多未能治好，是因为用药错误造成的。大概吐血症状因伤风咳嗽引发的，占十分之七八；因虚劳损伤引发的，占十分之一二。然而医生们一概使用熟地黄、人参、麦冬、五味子等滋补酸敛的药物，将风邪、火邪、痰浊、瘀血都收敛在肺管中，导致咳嗽不止，元气震动，津液化为痰饮，不死还等什么？凡是风寒之邪被补药闭塞住的，必定形成痨病（慢性消耗性疾病），这是无人不知的道理，如今竟然没有一个人知道了。大概吐血且伴有咳嗽的，应当清肺降气，略微进服补阴的药物；那些不咳嗽的，是咽喉中的络脉破裂，所以血液从络脉流出，并不一定需要服药，严重的，只需取用修补络脉的药物来填补损伤处，自然可以除根，即使不服药，也能自愈，多次尝试都没有失误。然而当向病人提出不服药的说法时，他们虽然表面顺从，背后必然讥笑跟随者；而当进献熟地黄、麦冬、人参、五味子等药物时，他们却甘心接受直至死亡。前者死了，后者又重蹈覆辙，这难道不是命运吗！
“暑”字的含义与“寒”字相反，是自然界流行的热毒疾病。其症状表现为脉象微弱、气短、烦躁口渴、燥热，严重时手足反而发冷。如果患者汗出不止，用人参白虎汤为主治方剂；如果出现身体发热、腹痛、胀满、呕吐、腹泻痢疾、四肢厥冷等症状，则称为热霍乱（夏季感受暑湿秽浊之气引起的急性胃肠病变），此时绝对不可用人参，应当使用香薷饮、藿香正气散为主治方剂，这些都是治疗暑病的正确方法。如果在《伤寒论》中有寒霍乱这一症状，这是寒邪侵入阴经，使用理中汤为主治方剂。这是治疗寒霍乱的方法，与暑热引起的霍乱完全无关。然而后世的医书，在热霍乱的门类中附入寒霍乱的一个方子，名叫大顺散，使用肉桂、干姜，即理中汤的变法。该方下方也注明治疗夏季受冷冻饮料伤害的症状，说法非常明确。然而昏庸糊涂的人，耳闻有这个方子，竟然用它来治疗暑热引起的霍乱，以显示奇特。患者死去时，痛苦翻滚呼号，嘴唇焦裂舌头开裂，七窍出血；热邪归于体内，则手足反而发冷，脉象微弱几乎摸不到，这就是所谓的“热深厥亦深”（手足冷称为厥，厥就是逆乱的意思）。然而病人和医生不知道这个道理，认为服用热性药物后反而更冷，这无疑是阴证。所以目睹其惨死而毫不后悔，以后再去治疗其他人，热性药物用得更加猛烈了。这与治疗暑热痢疾时使用四逆汤的危害完全相同。全社会都以为必须这样做，即使有人解释也不相信。
Fifty years ago, cases of hemoptysis (coughing up blood) were extremely rare, whereas nowadays the incidence increases year by year. These conditions are fundamentally curable, yet most remain untreatable due to medication errors. Approximately seventy to eighty percent of hemoptysis cases originate from wind-pathogen-induced coughs, while ten to twenty percent arise from deficiency consumption and damage. However, physicians indiscriminately employ tonifying and astringent herbs such as Shu Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), and Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus). This approach traps wind, fire, phlegm, and blood stasis within the lung vessels, causing persistent coughing, disturbing the Yuan Qi (Original Qi), transforming body fluids into phlegm, and inevitably leading to death. It is universally known that if wind-cold pathogens are sealed in by tonics, they will inevitably develop into lao bing (consumptive disease), yet today no one seems to understand this. For hemoptysis accompanied by cough, one should clear the lungs and descend qi, administering only slight amounts of yin-nourishing substances; for those without cough, the bleeding results from ruptured collateral vessels in the throat, so blood flows from these collaterals. Medication is not necessarily required. In severe cases, only drugs that repair collaterals are needed to fill the damaged areas, which can eradicate the root cause. Even without medication, spontaneous recovery is possible, as verified repeatedly without failure. Yet when physicians suggest abstaining from medication, patients may superficially agree but secretly ridicule them behind their backs; conversely, when offered tonics like Shu Di Huang, Mai Dong, Ren Shen, and Wu Wei Zi, they willingly accept them until death. The former die, and the latter repeat the mistake—is this not fate?
The character "Shu" (Summerheat) is opposite in meaning to "Han" (Cold); it refers to epidemic heat-toxin diseases. Symptoms include a faint pulse, shortness of breath, irritability, thirst, dryness, and heat, with cold extremities in severe cases. If the patient suffers from profuse sweating, Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction) is indicated. If symptoms include fever, abdominal pain, distension, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, and cold limbs, it is termed Re Huoluan (Hot Cholera), and Ren Shen must absolutely not be used. Instead, Xiangru Yin (Elsholtzia Decoction) or Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Agastache Powder to Rectify the Qi) should be administered; these are the correct methods for treating summerheat. In contrast, Han Huoluan (Cold Cholera) mentioned in Shanghan Lun (Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders) arises from cold pathogens entering the yin meridians and is treated with Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction). This method for cold cholera is entirely unrelated to summerheat-heat cholera. However, later medical texts appended a formula for cold cholera, named Dashun San (Great Smooth Powder), using Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark) and Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), which is a variation of Lizhong Tang. The formula description explicitly notes its use for injuries caused by consuming frozen drinks in summer, making the indication clear. Yet ignorant individuals, having heard of this formula, mistakenly use it to treat summerheat-heat cholera to display their novelty. Patients die writhing and wailing, with cracked lips, split tongues, and bleeding from the seven orifices; heat trapped internally causes cold extremities and a faint, nearly imperceptible pulse, known as "re shen jue yi shen" (the deeper the heat, the deeper the cold reversal; cold extremities are termed jue, meaning reversal). Neither patients nor physicians understand this principle, assuming that since coldness worsens after taking hot medicines, it must be a yin syndrome. Consequently, they witness tragic deaths without remorse and subsequently treat others with even more potent hot medicines. This harm is identical to using Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) for treating summerheat-dysentery. The world assumes this is mandatory, disregarding any contrary explanations.