（金匮 一名甘姜苓术汤）治伤湿，身重腹痛，腰冷不渴，小便自利，饮食如故，病属
下焦。（肾主水，湿性下流，必舍于其所合而归于坎。势也，腰为肾之腑，冷湿之邪，着而
不移，故腰冷身重，是着痹也。此由身劳汗出，衣里冷湿，久久得之。）宣明用治胞痹，膀
胱热痛，涩于小便，上为清涕。（风寒湿邪客于胞中，气不能化，故水道不通。足太阳经，
上额络脑。太阳经气不得下行，上入脑而流于鼻，则为清涕。）
干姜（炮） 茯苓（四两） 甘草（炙） 白术（炒二两） 有寒者，加附子。经心录，
加肉桂泽泻杜仲牛膝，治同。
喻嘉言曰∶腰冷如坐水中，非肾之精气冷也，故饮食如故，便利不渴且与肠胃之腑无预，
况
（金匮 三因名大半夏汤）治卒呕吐，心下痞，膈间有水，眩悸。（水气上逆
膈间则痞，上干于头则眩，凌于心则悸。）
半夏（一升） 生姜（半斤） 茯苓（三两）
半夏生姜，行水气而散逆气，能止呕吐。茯苓宁心气而泄肾邪，能利小便。火因水而下
行，
除茯苓，名小半夏汤（金匮。）治支饮，呕吐不渴，亦治黄胆。（金匮云∶呕家本渴，渴
者为
为热
姜之类
谷气而
（金匮） 治风水恶风，一身悉肿，脉浮不渴，续自汗出，无大热者。（经曰∶肝肾并
沉为石水，并浮为风水，水在皮肤，故脉浮，里无热，故不渴。病本于风，故汗出恶风无大
热者，热未尽退也。）
麻黄（六两） 石膏（八两） 生姜（三两） 甘草（二两） 大枣（十二枚） 恶风
者，加附子。
风水在肌肤之间，用麻黄之辛热以泻肺，石膏之甘寒以清胃。（肺主通调水道，胃主分
别水
也。（
者，以
【肾着汤】（出自《金匮要略》，又名甘姜苓术汤）治疗伤湿证，症状表现为身体沉重、腹部疼痛、腰部发冷且不口渴，小便通畅正常，饮食如常，病位属下焦。（肾主水液代谢，湿邪性质重浊趋下，必然停留在与其相合的部位并归于坎位。这是势所必然，腰为肾之外腑，冷湿之邪附着于此而不移动，所以出现腰部寒冷、身体沉重的症状，这属于着痹。此病多因身体劳累出汗后，衣物内里潮湿寒冷，日久积累而成。）宣明方用此方治疗胞痹，症状为膀胱热痛、小便涩滞不畅，上部伴有流清涕。（风寒湿邪客居于胞中，气机不能化行，导致水道不通。足太阳膀胱经上行至额部并络于脑。若太阳经气不能下行，反而上入脑部并流注于鼻窍，就会形成清涕。）
药物组成：干姜（炮制）、茯苓（四两）、甘草（炙）、白术（炒，二两）。若有寒象者，加附子。《经心录》记载，加入肉桂、泽泻、杜仲、牛膝，主治相同。
喻嘉言说：腰部寒冷如同坐在水中，但这并非肾的精气寒冷，所以饮食正常，大小便通畅且不口渴，并且与肠胃脏腑没有直接关系，况且……
【小半夏加茯苓汤】（出自《金匮要略》，《三因极一病证方论》称为大半夏汤）治疗突然呕吐，胃脘部痞塞感，膈间有水饮停留，头晕心悸。（水气上逆停滞于膈间则导致痞塞，上扰头部则引起眩晕，凌犯心脏则引起心悸。）
药物组成：半夏（一升）、生姜（半斤）、茯苓（三两）。
半夏和生姜，能行散水气并降逆气，能够止住呕吐。茯苓能宁心安神并泄除肾邪，能够通利小便。火随水气下行……
去掉茯苓，名为小半夏汤（出自《金匮要略》）。治疗支饮证，呕吐但不口渴，也用于治疗黄疸。（《金匮要略》云：“经常呕吐的人本应口渴，如果口渴说明有热……”此处原文似有残缺，推测意为不渴则无热，属寒饮之类……谷气而……）
【越婢汤】（出自《金匮要略》）治疗风水证，症见恶风，全身浮肿，脉浮而不口渴，持续自汗出，体表没有大热。（《内经》曰：“肝肾脉并沉为石水，并浮为风水。”水邪在皮肤之间，所以脉象浮；体内无热，所以不渴。病本源于风邪，所以汗出、恶风且体表无大热，这是因为余热未尽退去。）
药物组成：麻黄（六两）、石膏（八两）、生姜（三两）、甘草（二两）、大枣（十二枚）。若恶风明显者，加附子。
风水邪气在肌肤之间，使用麻黄的辛热之性以泻肺邪，使用石膏的甘寒之性以清胃热。（肺主通调水道，胃主分别水液……此处原文似有残缺……）
[Shen Zhuo Tang] (Also known as Gan Jiang Ling Zhu Tang from *Jin Gui Yao Lue*) treats injury by dampness, manifesting as heavy body, abdominal pain, coldness in the lower back without thirst, free urination, and normal diet; the disease belongs to the Lower Jiao. (The Kidney governs water; dampness has a downward nature and must settle where it combines, returning to Kan. This is inevitable. The waist is the mansion of the Kidney; cold-damp pathogenic factors adhere and do not move, hence the cold waist and heavy body, which constitutes Bi Syndrome with Damp predominance [Zhe Bi]. This arises from sweating due to labor, with cold and damp clothing remaining against the skin for a long time.) Xuan Ming Fang uses this formula to treat Bao Bi (Bladder Bi), characterized by heat and pain in the bladder, difficult urination, and clear nasal discharge above. (Wind-cold-damp pathogens lodge in the Bao, Qi fails to transform, thus the water passages are blocked. The Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian ascends to the forehead and connects with the brain. If Taiyang meridian Qi cannot descend but instead enters the brain and flows into the nose, clear nasal discharge occurs.)
Ingredients: Pao Gan Jiang (Prepared Ginger Rhizome), Fu Ling (Poria, 4 liang), Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), Chao Bai Zhu (Stir-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizome, 2 liang). If there is cold, add Fu Zi (Aconite Lateralis Radix Praeparata). *Jing Xin Lu* adds Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark), Ze Xie (Alisma Rhizome), Du Zhong (Eucommia Bark), and Niu Xi (Achyranthes Bidentatae Radix), treating the same condition.
Yu Jiayan stated: Coldness in the waist like sitting in water is not due to coldness of the Kidney's essence and Qi; therefore, diet is normal, bowel movements and urination are unobstructed without thirst, and it has no relation to the Fu organs of the Stomach and Intestines, moreover...
[Xiao Ban Xia Jia Fu Ling Tang] (From *Jin Gui Yao Lue*, called Da Ban Xia Tang in *San Yin Ji Yi Bing Zheng Fang Lun*) treats sudden vomiting, epigastric fullness/stuffiness, fluid retention between the diaphragm, dizziness, and palpitations. (Fluid-Qi reversing upward and stagnating between the diaphragm causes stuffiness; rising to disturb the head causes dizziness; invading the Heart causes palpitations.)
Ingredients: Ban Xia (Pinelliae Tuber, 1 sheng), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome, 0.5 jin), Fu Ling (Poria, 3 liang).
Ban Xia and Sheng Jiang promote the movement of fluid-Qi and scatter rebellious Qi, capable of stopping vomiting. Fu Ling calms the Heart-Qi and drains Kidney pathogenic factors, capable of promoting urination. Fire follows water and descends...
Removing Fu Ling yields Xiao Ban Xia Tang (from *Jin Gui Yao Lue*). It treats Zhi Yin (Branching Fluid Retention) with vomiting but no thirst, and also treats Jaundice. (*Jin Gui Yao Lue* states: "Those who vomit should naturally be thirsty; if they are thirsty, it indicates Heat..." [Text appears incomplete here, implying non-thirst suggests cold-fluid rather than heat...] grain Qi and...)
[Yue Bi Tang] (From *Jin Gui Yao Lue*) treats Feng Shui (Wind-Water edema) with aversion to wind, generalized swelling of the whole body, floating pulse without thirst, continuous spontaneous sweating, and absence of significant heat on the body surface. (*Nei Jing* states: "When Liver and Kidney pulses are both deep, it is Shi Shui (Stone Water); when both are floating, it is Feng Shui." Water in the skin causes the floating pulse; lack of internal heat causes absence of thirst. The disease originates from Wind, hence sweating, aversion to wind, and no significant heat, indicating residual heat has not fully retreated.)
Ingredients: Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 6 liang), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 8 liang), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger Rhizome, 3 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 2 liang), Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, 12 pieces). If aversion to wind is prominent, add Fu Zi (Aconite Lateralis Radix Praeparata).
Feng Shui pathogens lie between the skin and muscles; Ma Huang's pungent and hot nature is used to drain Lung Qi, while Shi Gao's sweet and cold nature clears Stomach Heat. (The Lung governs the smooth flow of water passages; the Stomach distinguishes fluids... [Text appears incomplete])