急慢惊风病机，以一言统之，谓诸热瞀 ，诸病惊骇，皆属于火（云云）。方论急惊为阳痫，慢惊为
阴痫。治法清心、凉肝、安神、定魄，用辰砂、牛黄、吊藤、芦荟、全蝎、天麻、龙齿、虎睛、南星、腻粉、
脑、麝之类。钱氏谓急惊属腑受病，热客于心膈，少阳相火旺，热则生风，闻木音而作，盖风木得火而发
搐，火得邪风而动，用利惊丸、导赤散、泻青丸、地黄丸，
搐服安神丸；慢惊属脏受病，盖因吐泻病久，脾胃虚损、
不早治而成也，螈 似发搐不甚搐，因脾胃虚损，大便不聚，当去脾间风，先以利道，后用使君子丸、益
黄散，则利自止矣！若脾胃俱虚，被肝木所胜为慢惊，用温补羌活膏。五福丸治急惊风，生蚯蚓一条，斫烂，
入五福化毒研如泥，薄荷汤化下。有发搐，潮热于寅卯辰位，是肝症，补肾水以制心火，泻肝木以止搐；潮热
于巳午未者，心热也，导赤散，泻青丸泻肝，益黄散补脾。夜发因大病后脾胃虚，补脾凉心。伤风发搐，
口中热，呵欠，顿闷急绝；手足摇，亦阴阳二症，有汗无汗，用大青膏、小续命汤之类。伤食发搐、煎羌活防风
汤化下大青膏，后用白饼子下其食，渐已，调中丸、异功散养其气。由是，急慢惊风即为痫也。先生治痰有轻
重，未尝独用吐涌。若小儿胎气弱，色白，骨细，肉软，声微者，必用补气血兼治其惊。脏腑坚壮，痰壅不得已，
而吐未常例施。小儿少火纵盛，阴气未壮，不当攻击。《内
经》谓肝肾虚者，脉急为受寒。肝不足者皆发惊候，必随所变而治。予述诸书五邪补泻与先生之
法而参用。
急惊风和慢惊风的病机，可以用一句话来概括，即“各种热邪导致的昏闷，各种疾病引起的惊恐骇异，都归属于火”（等等）。方论认为急惊风属于阳痫，慢惊风属于阴痫。治疗方法包括清心、凉肝、安神、定魄，使用的药物有辰砂、牛黄、钩藤、芦荟、全蝎、天麻、龙齿、虎睛、天南星、腻粉、冰片、麝香之类。钱乙认为急惊风是腑受病，热邪客居于心膈部位，少阳相火旺盛，热极则生风，听到木器声音就会发作，这是因为风木得到火势而引发抽搐，火得到邪风而扰动，治疗使用利惊丸、导赤散、泻青丸、地黄丸，抽搐时服用安神丸；慢惊风是脏受病，大概是因为吐泻病程长久，脾胃虚损，没有及早治疗而形成的，症状表现为肢体抽掣但抽搐不剧烈，因为脾胃虚损，大便不成形，应当去除脾间的风邪，先用通利的方法，之后用使君子丸、益黄散，那么腹泻自然停止！如果脾胃俱虚，被肝木所克制而形成慢惊风，使用温补羌活膏。五福丸治疗急惊风，取一条生蚯蚓，切碎捣烂，加入五福化毒丸研成泥状，用薄荷汤送服。如果在寅、卯、辰时辰出现抽搐和潮热，这是肝症，应补肾水以制约心火，泻肝木以止住抽搐；在巳、午、未时辰出现潮热的，是心热，用导赤散，泻青丸泻肝，益黄散补脾。夜间发病是因为大病后脾胃虚弱，应补脾凉心。伤风引发的抽搐，口中发热，打哈欠，突然胸闷气绝；手足摇动，这也分为阴阳两种证候，根据有汗无汗的情况，使用大青膏、小续命汤之类。伤食引发的抽搐，煎煮羌活防风汤化开大青膏送服，之后用白饼子攻下积食，逐渐痊愈，再用调中丸、异功散调养正气。由此看来，急慢惊风就是痫病。先生治疗痰证有轻重之分，从未单独使用催吐涌泄法。如果小儿胎气弱，面色白，骨骼细，肌肉软，声音微弱，必须用补气血兼治惊风的方法。脏腑坚实强壮，痰壅盛不得已而用吐法，也不作为常规施用。小儿少火即使旺盛，阴气尚未壮实，不应当过度攻伐。《内经》说肝肾虚的人，脉象紧急是受了寒邪。肝不足的人都会出现惊风的证候，必须随着病情变化而治疗。我叙述了诸书中关于五邪补泻的理论以及先生的方法，并参考运用。
The pathogenesis of acute and chronic convulsive disorders (Jing Feng) can be summarized in one phrase: "Various heat-induced stupor, various diseases causing fright and horror, all belong to Fire" (and so on). The formula theory states that acute convulsion belongs to Yang Epilepsy (Yang Xian), while chronic convulsion belongs to Yin Epilepsy (Yin Xian). The treatment methods include clearing the Heart, cooling the Liver, calming the Spirit (Shen), and stabilizing the Soul (Po). Medications used include Cinnabar (Chensha), Realgar-calculus bovis mixture (Niuhuang), Uncaria Rhynchophylla (Gouteng), Aloe (Luhui), Scorpio (Quanxie), Gastrodia Elata (Tianma), Dragon Teeth (Longchi), Tiger Eyes (Hujing), Pinellia Tuber (Nanxing), Nifen, Borneol (Naoshuang), and Musk (Shexiang). Qian Yi stated that acute convulsion is a disease of the Fu organs, where heat lodges in the chest and diaphragm, the Ministerial Fire of Shaoyang is hyperactive, extreme heat generates wind, and it manifests upon hearing wooden sounds; this is because Wind-Wood flares up with Fire, and Fire moves with evil Wind. Treatment involves using Lijing Wan, Daochi San, Xieqing Wan, Dihuang Wan, and Anshen Wan during convulsions. Chronic convulsion is a disease of the Zang organs, generally caused by prolonged vomiting and diarrhea leading to Spleen-Stomach deficiency and damage, failing to be treated early. Symptoms include mild limb twitching rather than severe convulsions; due to Spleen-Stomach deficiency and unformed stools, one should eliminate wind from the Spleen, first using purgative methods, then employing Shijunzi Wan and Yihuang San, after which diarrhea will cease naturally. If both Spleen and Stomach are deficient and overcome by Liver Wood, resulting in chronic convulsion, use Wenbu Qianghuo Gao. Wufu Wan treats acute convulsion: take one live earthworm, chop and mash it, mix with Wufu Huadu powder into a paste, and administer dissolved in Mint Decoction (Bohe Tang). Convulsions and tidal fever occurring at Yin, Mao, or Chen hours indicate a Liver syndrome; treat by tonifying Kidney Water to control Heart Fire, and draining Liver Wood to stop convulsions. Tidal fever at Si, Wu, or Wei hours indicates Heart Heat; use Daochi San, Xieqing Wan to drain Liver, and Yihuang San to tonify Spleen. Nighttime onset is due to Spleen-Stomach deficiency after severe illness; treat by tonifying Spleen and cooling Heart. Convulsions caused by Wind-Strike involve hot mouth, yawning, sudden chest oppression and breathlessness, and shaking limbs; these also differentiate into Yin and Yang syndromes based on presence or absence of sweating, treated with Daqing Gao or Xiao Xuming Tang. Convulsions caused by Food Retention are treated by decocting Qianghuo and Fangfeng to dissolve Daqing Gao for administration, followed by Baixing Zi to purge food accumulation; gradually recover, then use Tiaozhong Wan and Yigong San to nourish Qi. Thus, acute and chronic convulsions are equivalent to Epilepsy. The Master treated Phlegm according to severity, never relying solely on emetic methods. If a child has weak fetal Qi, pale complexion, fine bones, soft flesh, and faint voice, one must tonify Qi and Blood while treating convulsions. For children with solid Zang-Fu organs and unavoidable Phlegm obstruction, emetics are not used as routine practice. Although the Minor Fire in children may be vigorous, their Yin Qi is not yet robust, so aggressive attacking methods should not be employed. The *Neijing* states that deficiency of Liver and Kidney with urgent pulse indicates Cold invasion. Deficiency of Liver leads to all kinds of fright symptoms; treatment must follow the changes of the condition. I have described the theories of tonification and drainage for the Five Evils from various texts and combined them with the Master's methods for reference application.