味苦，微寒，无毒。主心腹邪气，肠鸣幽幽如走水，寒热，积聚，破症，除瘕，止烦满，
益气。养血，去心腹痼疾
结气，腰脊强脚痹，除风邪留热。久服利人。一名 蝉草，一名赤参，一名木羊乳。生桐柏
山川谷及太山。五月采根，
曝干。
畏咸水，反藜芦。 此桐柏山，是淮水源所出之山，在义阳，非江东临海之桐柏也。今
近道处处有，茎方有毛，紫
花，时人呼为逐马。酒渍饮之，疗风痹。道家时有用处，时人服之多眼赤，故应性热，今云
微寒，恐为谬矣。
〔谨案〕此药，冬采良，夏采虚恶。
味苦、甘，平，无毒。主金疮，止血，逐痛出刺，除风痹内寒。止心烦，鼻衄，痈疽，
恶疮， 乳，妇人难产。久
服
轻身，耐老，增寿。生太山山谷，二月、八月采。
今处处有。人言是蓼子，亦不耳。叶似酸浆，子似松子。而多入痈 方用之。
味苦，寒，无毒。主解诸毒，杀蛊 疰鬼螫毒，久服头不白，轻身。其叶汁，杀百药毒，
解野狼毒、射罔毒。其茎叶，
可以染青。生河内平泽。
此即今染 碧所用者。至解毒，人卒不能得生蓝汁，乃浣 布汁以解之，亦善。以汁涂
五心又止烦闷。尖叶者为胜，
甚疗蜂螫毒。
〔谨案〕蓝实，有三种∶一种围径二寸许，浓三、四分，出岭南，云疗毒肿，
太常名此草为木蓝子，如
陶所引乃是菘蓝，其汁抨（普更切）为淀者
辛者。此草汁疗热毒，诸蓝非
比，且二种蓝，今并堪染，菘蓝为淀，惟堪染青；其蓼蓝不堪为淀，惟作碧色尔。
【丹参】
味苦，性微寒，无毒。主治心腹部的邪气，肠鸣声幽深如同水流流动的声音，寒热往来，积聚之症，破除癥块，消除瘕聚，止烦闷胀满，益气养血，去除心腹部顽固疾病的结滞之气，治疗腰脊僵硬和脚部痹痛，祛除风邪留滞之热。长期服用对人体有益。又名蝉草、赤参、木羊乳。生长在桐柏山川谷及泰山。五月采集根部，晒干。
畏咸水，反藜芦。这里的桐柏山，是淮水源出发的山，位于义阳，不是江东临海的桐柏山。现在近道各处都有，茎方形且有毛，开紫花，当时的人称之为逐马。用酒浸泡饮用，可治疗风痹。道家有时使用此药，当时人服用后多出现眼睛发红，所以推测其性热，现在说它微寒，恐怕是错误的。
〔谨案〕此药，冬季采集为好，夏季采集则空虚恶劣。
【王不留行】
味苦、甘，性平，无毒。主治金创（金属利器造成的伤口），止血，驱除疼痛并拔出刺伤，祛除风痹和内寒。止心烦，鼻出血，痈疽，恶疮，难产，妇人分娩困难。长期服用可使身体轻盈，延缓衰老，增加寿命。生长在泰山山谷，二月、八月采集。
现在到处都有。有人说它是蓼子，也不尽然。叶子像酸浆，种子像松子。但多被用于痈肿的方剂中。
【蓝实】
味苦，性寒，无毒。主治解除各种毒素，杀灭蛊毒、疰鬼螫毒，长期服用头发不会变白，身体轻盈。其叶子的汁液，能解百药毒，解除野狼毒、射罔毒。其茎叶，可以用来染青色。生长在河内平原沼泽。
这就是现在用来染碧色的材料。至于解毒，人突然不能得到蓝汁时，可以用洗布的汁液来解毒，也很好。用汁液涂抹五心（两手心、两足心及心口）又能止烦闷。尖叶的品质较好，尤其能治疗蜂螫毒。
〔谨案〕蓝实有三种：一种直径约二寸，厚三、四分，出产于岭南，据说能治疗毒肿，太常寺称这种草为木蓝子，如陶弘景所引用的乃是菘蓝，其汁液经捣碎沉淀后成为靛青的是辛味的。这种草的汁液治疗热毒，其他蓝草无法相比。而且两种蓝草，现在都可以染色，菘蓝制成靛青，只适合染青色；蓼蓝不适合制成靛青，只能染碧色罢了。
[Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)]
Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats evil qi in the heart and abdomen, deep intestinal murmurs resembling flowing water, alternating chills and fever, accumulations, breaking of zheng masses (fixed abdominal masses), elimination of jia masses (mobile abdominal masses), stopping of vexation and fullness, tonifying qi, nourishing blood, removing stubborn diseases and stagnant qi in the heart and abdomen, treating stiffness of the waist and spine and bi syndrome (painful obstruction) of the legs, dispelling wind pathogen and lingering heat. Long-term use benefits the person. Also known as Chancao, Chishen, Muyangru. Grows in valleys of Mount Tongbai and Mount Tai. Roots are harvested in May and dried in the sun.
Averse to saline water; contrary to Lichu (Veratrum nigrum). This Mount Tongbai is the mountain where the source of the Huai River originates, located in Yiyang, not the Mount Tongbai in Linhai east of the river. It is now found everywhere near the roads; the stem is square and hairy, flowers are purple, and people at that time called it Zhuma. Soaked in wine and drunk, it treats wind-bi. Daoists sometimes use this herb; people who took it often had red eyes, suggesting its nature might be hot, so saying it is slightly cold may be erroneous.
[Note] For this herb, winter harvesting is good, while summer harvesting yields empty and inferior material.
[Wangbuliuxing (Vaccariae Semen)]
Bitter and sweet, neutral, non-toxic. Primarily treats metal wounds, stops bleeding, expels pain and removes splinters, dispels wind-bi and internal cold. Stops mental restlessness, epistaxis, carbuncles and sores, malignant ulcers, difficult labor, and difficult childbirth in women. Long-term use makes the body light, resists aging, and increases longevity. Grows in valleys of Mount Tai; harvested in February and August.
Now found everywhere. Some say it is Polygonum seeds, but this is not entirely accurate. Leaves resemble Physalis alkekengi (Chinese lantern plant); seeds resemble pine nuts. However, it is frequently included in formulas for treating carbuncles.
[Lanshi (Indigo Naturalis / Indigofera tinctoria Seed or Leaf-derived product context implies Indigo dye source, specifically referring to the plant material used for dye/medicine]**
*Note: The text describes "Lanshi" (Blue Fruit/Seed) but details match Indigofera plants used for dye and medicine. WHO term for the medicinal part derived from Isatis root is Banlangen, but here it refers to the fruit/seed or general plant material for dye/medicine. Based on "Lanshi" and description of dyeing, it relates to Indigofera tinctoria.*
Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Primarily resolves various toxins, kills gu poison, zhu ghost stinging poison. Long-term use prevents hair whitening and makes the body light. Its leaf juice kills poisoning from hundred medicines, resolves wild wolf poison and she wang poison. Its stems and leaves can be used to dye blue. Grows in plains and marshes of Henei.
This is what is currently used to dye green/blue. Regarding detoxification, if one suddenly cannot obtain indigo juice, washing cloth juice can be used to resolve it, which is also effective. Applying the juice to the five centers (both palms, both soles, and the chest) stops vexation and oppression. Those with pointed leaves are superior, especially for treating bee sting poison.
[Note] Lanshi has three types: One type is about two cun in circumference and three to four fen thick, produced in Lingnan, said to treat toxic swelling. The Taichang Temple calls this grass "Mulanzi". As cited by Tao Hongjing, this is actually Isatis root (Banlangen), whose juice beaten and settled becomes indigo pigment, which is pungent. The juice of this herb treats heat toxins, unlike other blues. Moreover, both types of blue herbs can be used for dyeing today; Isatis produces indigo pigment suitable only for dyeing blue; Polygonum tinctorium (Laolan) is unsuitable for producing indigo pigment, yielding only a green-blue color.