味咸，平，无毒。主养肾气，强阴，主阴蚀疮，止肠 泄痢，疗口疮咽痛。久服益
气，不饥，延年。一名石涅，一名石墨。出颖川阳城，采无时。
此五石脂如《本经》，疗体亦相似。《别录》各条，所以具载，今俗用赤石、白石二脂尔。
《仙经》亦用白石脂，以涂丹釜。好者出吴郡，犹与赤石脂同源。赤石脂多赤而色好，惟可
断下，不入五石散用。好者亦出武陵、建平、义阳。今五石散皆用义阳者，出 县界东八十
里，状如豚脑，色鲜红可爱，随采随复而生，不能断痢，而不用之。余三色脂有，而无正有
，黑石脂乃可画用尔。
〔谨案〕义阳即申州也，所出者，名桃花石，非五色脂，色如桃花，
久服肥人。土人亦以疗下利，旧出苏州余杭山大有，今不收采尔。
味甘，平，无毒。主咳逆上气，症瘕，血闭，漏下，除邪气，肢节不利，大饱
绝力身重。久服耐寒暑，不饥，轻身，飞行千里，神仙。一名石脑。生太山山谷，九月采。
杜仲为之使，畏贝母、菖蒲、铁落。今人惟总呼为太一禹余粮，自专是禹余粮尔，无复
识太一者，然疗体亦相似，
《仙经》多用之，四镇丸亦总名太一禹余粮。
〔谨案〕太一余粮及禹余
初在壳中未凝结者，犹是黄水，名石中黄子。久凝乃有数色，或青或白，或赤或黄，年多变
赤，因赤渐紫，自赤及紫，
俱名太一。其诸色通谓余粮。今太山不见采得者，会稽、王屋、泽、潞州诸山皆有之。
味咸，性平，无毒。主要滋养肾气，增强阴精，主治阴部蚀疮，止住肠道泄泻痢疾，治疗口疮和咽喉疼痛。长期服用能补益元气，使人不感饥饿，延年益寿。又名石涅，又名石墨。产于颍川郡阳城县，采集没有固定时间。
这五种石脂的功效如同《神农本草经》所载，治疗作用也相似。《名医别录》中各条目的记载，所以详细列出，如今世俗常用的是赤石脂和白石脂两种。《仙经》中也使用白石脂，用来涂抹炼丹的鼎釜。品质好的白石脂出产于吴郡，仍然与赤石脂同源。赤石脂颜色多红且色泽好，只可用于固涩止泻，不能用于五石散。品质好的赤石脂也出产于武陵、建平、义阳。如今五石散都使用义阳产的，出自该县界向东八十里的地方，形状像猪脑，颜色鲜红可爱，随采随生，但不能止痢，因此不被采用。其余三种石脂虽然有，但没有正宗货源，黑石脂才可以用来绘画。
【考证】义阳就是申州，所出产的石头，名叫桃花石，不属于五色石脂，颜色像桃花，长期服用能使人体丰腴。当地人也用它来治疗腹泻，过去出产于苏州余杭山，产量很大，如今不再采集了。
味甘，性平，无毒。主要治疗咳嗽气逆，症瘕（腹内结块），血闭，漏下（非经期阴道出血），祛除邪气，缓解肢体关节不利，消除饱食后乏力身重。长期服用能抵御寒暑，不感饥饿，身体轻便，甚至能飞行千里，成仙。又名石脑。生于泰山山谷，九月采集。杜仲为其引经药，畏惧贝母、菖蒲、铁落。如今人们只统称其为太一禹余粮，专门指称是禹余粮罢了，不再有人认识什么是“太一”了，然而它们的治疗作用也相似，《仙经》中多用它，四镇丸也总称为太一禹余粮。
【考证】太一余粮及禹余粮起初在壳中未凝结时，还是黄水，名叫石中黄子。长时间凝结后才有多种颜色，有的青，有的白，有的红，有的黄，年份久了变红，因红逐渐变紫，从红到紫，都称为太一。各种颜色的通称为余粮。如今泰山见不到开采得到的，会稽、王屋、泽州、潞州等山都有出产。
Salty in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily nourishes Kidney Qi (Kidney Energy), strengthens Yin essence, treats ulcerative sores of the genitalia, stops intestinal diarrhea and dysentery, and treats mouth ulcers and sore throat. Long-term consumption benefits Yuan Qi (Primal Energy), prevents hunger, and prolongs life. Also known as Shi Nie (Stone Black Lead) or Shi Mo (Graphite). Originates from Yangcheng County, Yingchuan Commandery; can be harvested at any time.
The therapeutic effects of these five types of stone clays are similar to those recorded in *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica), and their medicinal properties are also comparable. The entries in *Mingyi Bielu* (Record of Famous Physicians) are detailed here for completeness; currently, common usage involves only two types: Chishizhi (Red Stone Clay) and Baishizhi (White Stone Clay). *Xianjing* (Scriptures of Immortals) also utilizes Baishizhi to coat alchemical furnaces. High-quality Baishizhi originates from Wu Commandery and shares the same source as Chishizhi. Chishizhi is predominantly red with good luster; it is suitable only for astringing and stopping diarrhea but cannot be used in Wushi San (Five-Mineral Powder). High-quality Chishizhi also originates from Wuling, Jianping, and Yiyang. Currently, Wushi San exclusively uses the variety from Yiyang, sourced eighty li east of the county boundary. It resembles pig brain, has a lovely bright red color, regenerates immediately after harvesting, yet cannot stop dysentery, and thus is not adopted. Although the other three types of stone clays exist, there is no authentic supply; only Heishizhi (Black Stone Clay) can be used for painting.
[Verification] Yiyang is Shenzhou. The stone produced there is named Taohua Shi (Peach Blossom Stone) and does not belong to the Five-Color Stone Clays. Its color resembles peach blossoms; long-term consumption makes the body plump. Locals also use it to treat diarrhea. It was formerly abundant in Yuhang Mountain, Suzhou, but is no longer collected.
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats cough with rebellious Qi (Qi counterflow), Zhengjia (abdominal masses), blood obstruction, metrorrhagia (non-menstrual vaginal bleeding), expels pathogenic factors, alleviates stiffness and pain in limbs and joints, and eliminates heaviness and fatigue after overeating. Long-term consumption enables resistance to cold and heat, prevents hunger, lightens the body, and allegedly allows one to fly a thousand li, achieving immortality. Also known as Shi Nao (Stone Brain). Grows in the valleys of Mount Tai; harvested in September. Eucommiae Cortex (Duzhong) serves as its guiding herb; it is incompatible with Fritillariae Bulbus (Beimu), Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Changpu), and Ferrum Depressum (Tieluo). Nowadays, people generally refer to it collectively as Taiyi Yuyuliang (Taiyi Yu Rest Grain), specifically identifying it as Yuyuliang (Yu Rest Grain); few recognize "Taiyi" anymore, although their therapeutic effects are similar. *Xianjing* frequently employs it, and Sizhen Wan (Four-Guard Pill) is also collectively named Taiyi Yuyuliang.
[Verification] When Taiyi Yuliang and Yuyuliang are initially within the shell and uncondensed, they remain yellow water, named Shizhong Huangzi (Yellow Child within Stone). After prolonged condensation, various colors appear: some green, some white, some red, some yellow. As years pass, it turns red; gradually changing from red to purple, both stages are called Taiyi. All colors are collectively referred to as Yuliang. Currently, none can be obtained from Mount Tai; however, they are available in mountains such as Kuaiji, Wangwu, Zezhou, and Luzhou.