《内经》云∶春伤于风。谓当春厥阴行令，风木司权之候，伤乎风也。夫风邪之为病，有轻重之分焉，
轻则曰冒，重则曰伤，又重则曰中。如寒热有汗，是风伤卫分，名曰伤风病也；鼻塞咳嗽，是风冒于表，名曰
冒风病也；突然昏倒，不省人事，是风中于里，名曰中风病也，当分轻重浅深而治之。且风为六气
之领袖，能统诸气，如当春尚有余寒，则风中遂夹寒气，有感之者是为风寒；其或天气暴热，则风中遂夹热
气，有感之者是为风热；其或春雨连绵，地中潮湿上泛，则风中遂夹湿气，有感之者是为风湿；倘春应温
而反寒，非其时而有其气，有患寒热如伤寒者，是为寒疫。此七者皆春令所伤之新邪，感之即病，与
不即病之伏气，相去天渊，当细辨之。
伤风之病，即仲景书中风伤卫之证也，诸家已详，可毋细论耳。然其初起之大概，亦当述
之。夫风邪初客于卫，头痛发热，汗出恶风，脉象浮缓者，此宜解肌散表法治之。经曰∶伤
于风者，头先受之，故有头痛之证；风并于卫，营弱卫强，故有发热汗出之证；汗出则腠疏，故有恶风之证；
脉浮主表，缓主风，故用解肌散表之法，以祛卫外之风。倘脉浮紧发热汗不出者，不可与也，当须识此，勿
令误也。若误用之，必生他变，然则当按仲景法治之。世俗每见鼻塞咳嗽，遂谓伤风，而不知其
为冒风也。冒风之病，详在下编。
《黄帝内经》说：“春季感受风邪。”意思是正当春季，厥阴风木主令，风气当权之时，人体受到风邪侵袭。风邪致病，有轻、重程度的区别：轻的称为“冒”，重的称为“伤”，更重的称为“中”。例如出现寒热往来且有汗出的症状，这是风邪损伤了卫分，名叫“伤风病”；出现鼻塞、咳嗽的症状，这是风邪侵扰体表，名叫“冒风病”；突然昏倒、不省人事，这是风邪深入于里，名叫“中风病”。应当根据病情的轻重、病位的浅深来分别治疗。况且风是六气（风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火）的首领，能够统摄其他各气。如果春季尚有余寒，那么风中就会夹杂寒气，感受这种邪气的，就是“风寒”；如果天气突然变热，那么风中就会夹杂热气，感受这种邪气的，就是“风热”；如果春雨连绵不断，地中的湿气上泛，那么风中就会夹杂湿气，感受这种邪气的，就是“风湿”；倘若春天本该温暖却反而寒冷，非其时而有其气，有人患上像伤寒一样的寒热症状，这就是“寒疫”。这七种情况都是春季所感受的新感邪气，感之即发病，与那些潜伏体内不立即发病的“伏气”相比，相差如天地之别，应当仔细辨别。
伤风病，就是张仲景书中“风伤卫”的证候，各家医家已经论述得很详细，这里就不必再细说了。然而它初起的大致情况，也应当叙述一下。风邪初次客居于卫分，出现头痛、发热、汗出、怕风，脉象浮而缓的症状，这时适宜用解肌散表法来治疗。经书说：“被风邪所伤，头部首先受邪”，所以有头痛的症状；风邪并入卫分，导致营气虚弱而卫气强盛（营弱卫强），所以有发热、汗出的症状；出汗则腠理疏松，所以有怕风的症状；脉浮主表证，脉缓主风邪，所以采用解肌散表的方法，以祛除卫表的风邪。假如脉象浮紧、发热且无汗出的，不可使用此法，必须认清这一点，不要弄错。如果误用了，必然产生其他变证，那时就应当按照张仲景的方法来治疗。世俗之人常常看到鼻塞、咳嗽，就认为是伤风，却不知道这是冒风病。冒风病的详情，在下编中有详细记载。
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: "In spring, injury by wind." This refers to the time when the Jueyin (Liver/Gallbladder channel system associated with Wood) governs the season, and Wind-Wood holds authority; at this time, one is injured by Wind pathogen. The diseases caused by Wind pathogen vary in severity: mild cases are termed "Mao" (Covering/Encountering), moderate cases "Shang" (Injuring), and severe cases "Zhong" (Striking). For instance, alternating chills and fever with sweating indicates that Wind has injured the Wei (Defensive) level, named "Wind-Injury Disease" (Shangfeng Bing); nasal congestion and cough indicate that Wind has covered the exterior, named "Wind-Covering Disease" (Maofeng Bing); sudden fainting and loss of consciousness indicate that Wind has struck the interior, named "Wind-Stroke Disease" (Zhongfeng Bing). Treatment should be differentiated according to the severity of the condition and the depth of the pathology. Furthermore, Wind is the leader among the Six Qi (Wind, Cold, Summerheat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire) and can command other pathogens. If residual cold remains in spring, Wind may carry Cold qi; those contracting this are afflicted by "Wind-Cold." If the weather becomes suddenly hot, Wind may carry Heat qi; those contracting this are afflicted by "Wind-Heat." If continuous spring rains cause dampness from the earth to rise, Wind may carry Damp qi; those contracting this are afflicted by "Wind-Damp." If spring, which should be warm, turns cold instead, presenting a climate inappropriate for the season, and individuals suffer chills and fever resembling Taiyang disease (Shanghan), this is termed "Cold Plague" (Han Yi). These seven types are all new pathogens contracted during the Spring season; they manifest immediately upon contraction, differing vastly from "Latent Qi" (Fuqi) that does not manifest immediately. They must be carefully distinguished.
The Wind-Injury Disease corresponds to the syndrome of "Wind injuring the Defensive level" described in Zhang Zhongjing's works. Various schools have discussed this in detail, so there is no need for further elaboration here. However, the general presentation at its onset should be described. When Wind pathogen initially lodges in the Defensive level, symptoms include headache, fever, sweating, aversion to wind, and a floating and moderate pulse. In such cases, the method of resolving the muscle layer and dispersing the exterior should be employed. The classics state: "Those injured by Wind, the head receives it first," hence the symptom of headache; when Wind merges with the Defensive level, causing Ying (Nutritive) weakness and Wei strength, symptoms of fever and sweating occur; sweating leads to open pores (cou li), resulting in aversion to wind; a floating pulse indicates an exterior condition, and a moderate pulse indicates Wind, thus the method of resolving the muscle layer and dispersing the exterior is used to expel Wind from the defensive exterior. If the pulse is floating and tight, with fever but no sweating, this method must not be used; one must recognize this to avoid error. Misapplication will inevitably lead to other complications, at which point treatment should follow Zhang Zhongjing's methods. Laypeople often see nasal congestion and cough and assume it is Wind-Injury, failing to realize it is actually Wind-Covering. Details on Wind-Covering Disease are provided in the lower section.