【歌】儿疟多从痰积成，风伤惊触不同论。头疼体痛为风疟，发搐由来必是惊。咳喘便知痰所得，若还食
疟腹中疼。疟久胁旁因有块，此名疟母为根深。
【论】小儿之疟，多是食积、痰饮，留于胁下，故作寒热。盖人之一身，腰以上，阳主之；腰以下，阴主
之。胁下
者，当其中，为阴阳升降之枢，故胁下有痰、食，塞其道路，阳欲与阴交，而为所阻，热斯作焉，阳得过其处，
热斯解矣；阴欲与阳交，而为所间，寒斯作焉，阴得过其处，寒斯息矣。又有寒热往来，兼以头疼骨节痛，明
是风邪，得汗即解。又有寒热往来，兼以腹膨作痛，明是食积，得下即愈。又有热而不寒者，病在里，调其中
而已。寒而不热者，病在表，解其肌而已。一日一发者，荣卫行速故也，得病为近。间日一发者，荣卫行迟故
也，得病为远。凡治小儿之疟，以食积、痰饮为主，而风邪次之，惊又次之，乃得治疟之要焉，详载第四卷第
二论中。
疟疾例方
槟榔 草果 半夏 贝母 柴胡 黄芩（等分） 甘草（少许）
煎服。
食疟腹膨食少，或时作痛。
麦芽 神曲 槟榔 草果 柴胡 苏叶 苏梗（各一钱）
煎服。
痰疟咳嗽喘急。
川芎 柴胡 贝母 知母 橘红 黄芩 苏子（各一钱）
煎服。
风疟头痛，骨节疼，或鼻寒气粗。
羌活 防风 苏叶 川芎 柴胡 白芷（等分） 甘草（减半）
煎服。
惊疟寒热发搐。
茯神 远志（去心） 麦冬（去心） 柴胡 半夏（姜制，各一钱） 甘草（二分）
煎服。
疟久不愈，胁下有块，俗名疟母，服鳖甲丸。（方见四
卷。）
阴疟至晚即发，累月不已。
人参 芍药（炒） 川芎 柴胡（各一钱） 炙甘草 红花（各三分）
煎服。
【歌诀】小儿疟疾多因痰积而成，风邪侵袭与惊风所致者不可混为一谈。头痛、身体疼痛属于风疟；发作抽搐则必定是惊疟。咳嗽气喘可知为痰疟；若伴有腹部疼痛，则是食疟。疟疾日久，胁肋旁出现肿块，这称为“疟母”，说明病根深固。
【论述】小儿患疟疾，大多是由于食积、痰饮停滞在胁下，从而引发寒热交替的症状。大概人体腰部以上，由阳气主导；腰部以下，由阴气主导。胁下部位位于中间，是阴阳之气升降出入的枢纽。因此，如果胁下有痰或食积阻滞，堵塞了道路，阳气想要与阴气相交，却被阻挡，于是发热症状产生；当阳气越过这个阻碍处时，热症就解除了。阴气想要与阳气相交，却被阻隔，于是发冷症状产生；当阴气越过这个阻碍处时，寒症就平息了。又有寒热往来，并伴有头痛、骨节疼痛的，明显是风邪致病，通过发汗即可解除。又有寒热往来，并伴有腹部胀大疼痛的，明显是食积致病，通过通下（泻下）即可痊愈。又有只发热而不发冷的，病位在里，只需调理中焦脾胃即可。只有发冷而不发热的，病位在表，只需解肌发表即可。每天发作一次的，是因为营卫之气运行迅速，所以得病时间较短。每隔一天发作一次的，是因为营卫之气运行迟缓，所以得病时间较久。凡是治疗小儿疟疾，应以食积、痰饮为主因，风邪次之，惊风又次之，这样才能掌握治疗疟疾的关键。（详细内容记载在第四卷第二论中。）
疟疾常用方剂：
槟榔、草果、半夏、贝母、柴胡、黄芩（各等分），甘草（少许）。煎汤服用。
食疟：腹部胀大，食欲减少，有时腹痛。
麦芽、神曲、槟榔、草果、柴胡、苏叶、苏梗（各一钱）。煎汤服用。
痰疟：咳嗽，呼吸急促。
川芎、柴胡、贝母、知母、橘红、黄芩、苏子（各一钱）。煎汤服用。
风疟：头痛，骨节疼痛，或者鼻塞流清涕、气息粗重。
羌活、防风、苏叶、川芎、柴胡、白芷（各等分），甘草（减半量）。煎汤服用。
惊疟：寒热交替，发作抽搐。
茯神、远志（去心）、麦冬（去心）、柴胡、半夏（姜制，各一钱），甘草（二分）。煎汤服用。
[Verse] Pediatric malaria often arises from phlegm accumulation; wind injury and fright are distinct conditions. Headache and body pain indicate Wind Malaria (Feng Nue); convulsions invariably stem from Fright (Jing). Cough and wheezing reveal Phlegm Malaria (Tan Nue); abdominal pain indicates Food Malaria (Shi Nue). A mass in the hypochondrium after prolonged malaria is termed "Malaria Mother" (Nue Mu), indicating a deep-rooted pathology.
[Dissertation] Pediatric malaria is mostly caused by food stagnation and phlegm-fluid retention lingering under the hypochondrium, thereby generating alternating chills and fever. Generally, the upper part of the body above the waist is governed by Yang Qi; the lower part below the waist is governed by Yin Qi. The hypochondrium lies at the center and serves as the pivot for the ascending and descending of Yin and Yang. Therefore, if phlegm or food stagnates in the hypochondrium and obstructs the pathways, when Yang Qi attempts to interact with Yin Qi but is blocked, heat arises; once Yang Qi passes this obstruction, the heat resolves. When Yin Qi attempts to interact with Yang Qi but is interrupted, cold arises; once Yin Qi passes this obstruction, the cold subsides. In cases where alternating chills and fever are accompanied by headache and bone-joint pain, it is clearly due to Wind Pathogen (Feng Xie), which resolves upon sweating. In cases where alternating chills and fever are accompanied by abdominal distension and pain, it is clearly due to Food Stagnation (Shi Ji), which heals upon purgation. Cases presenting with fever but no chills indicate a disease in the Interior (Li), requiring regulation of the Middle Jiao. Cases presenting with chills but no fever indicate a disease in the Exterior (Biao), requiring release of the muscle layer. Daily attacks occur because Ying and Wei Qi circulate rapidly, indicating recent onset. Every-other-day attacks occur because Ying and Wei Qi circulate slowly, indicating remote onset. In treating pediatric malaria, one should prioritize food stagnation and phlegm-fluid retention, followed by wind pathogen, and then fright, thus grasping the essence of malaria treatment. (Detailed accounts are found in Volume 4, Treatise 2.)
Formulas for Malaria:
Betel Nut (Arecae Semen), Tsaoko Cardamom Fruit (Tsaoko Fructus), Pinellia Rhizome (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Fritillaria Bulb (Fritillariae Bulbus), Bupleurum Root (Bupleuri Radix), Scutellaria Root (Scutellariae Radix) (equal parts); Licorice Root (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (a small amount). Decoct and take orally.
Food Malaria: Abdominal distension, poor appetite, occasional abdominal pain.
Malt (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), Medicated Leaven (Massa Medicata Fermentata), Betel Nut (Arecae Semen), Tsaoko Cardamom Fruit (Tsaoko Fructus), Bupleurum Root (Bupleuri Radix), Perilla Leaf (Perillae Folium), Perilla Stem (Perillae Caulis) (each 1 qian). Decoct and take orally.
Phlegm Malaria: Cough, rapid breathing.
Ligusticum Rhizome (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Bupleurum Root (Bupleuri Radix), Fritillaria Bulb (Fritillariae Bulbus), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Tangerine Peel (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Scutellaria Root (Scutellariae Radix), Perilla Seed (Perillae Fructus) (each 1 qian). Decoct and take orally.
Wind Malaria: Headache, bone-joint pain, or nasal congestion with coarse respiration.
Notopterygium Rhizome (Qianghuo), Saposhnikovia Root (Fangfeng), Perilla Leaf (Perillae Folium), Ligusticum Rhizome (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Bupleurum Root (Bupleuri Radix), Angelica Dahurica Root (Baizhi) (equal parts); Licorice Root (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (half dose). Decoct and take orally.
Fright Malaria: Alternating chills and fever with convulsions.
Poria Sclerotium (Fushen), Polygala Root (Yuanzhi) (heart removed), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong) (heart removed), Bupleurum Root (Bupleuri Radix), Pinellia Rhizome (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (processed with ginger, each 1 qian), Licorice Root (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (2 fen). Decoct and take orally.
Protracted Malaria: Unresolved malaria with a mass under the hypochondrium, commonly known as "Malaria Mother," treat with Turtle Shell Pill (Biejia Wan). (Formula see Volume 4.)
Yin Malaria: Onset occurs only in the evening, persisting for months.
Ginseng Root (Renshen), Peony Root (Shaoyao) (stir-fried), Ligusticum Rhizome (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Bupleurum Root (Bupleuri Radix) (each 1 qian), Honey-fried Licorice Root (Zhi Gancao), Safflower Flower (Honghua) (each 3 fen). Decoct and take orally.