引云。望闻问切。推明得病之源。补泻迎随。揭示用针之道。予于学始迄于今。虽常覃
思以
心无定。或病之精必夺而气必衰。兼之国乱而隔殊。医物绝商而那得。设方有效。历市无求
不若砭切。立排疾势。乃以受教。遂敏求师。前后仅十七年。后避屯于蔡邑。方获诀于李
君。斯人以针道愈疾也。除疼痛于目前。愈万病于指下。信所谓伏于 弩。应若发机。百发
百中者也。加之以好生之念。素无窃利之心。尝谓予曰。天宝不泄于非人。圣道须传于贤者
仆不揆。遂整有求之恳。获成无吝之诚。授穴之必者。四十有三。疗疾而弗瘳者。万无一
失。遂铭诸心。而着之髓。务拯其困。而扶其危。而后除疼痛迅若手拈。破结聚涣如冰释。
夫针也者。果神矣哉。然念兹穴而或亡。借其声律则易记。辄裁八韵。赋就一篇。讵敢匿于
己私。为或传于同志。
必欲治病。莫如用针。巧运神机之妙。工开圣理之深。外取砭针。能蠲邪而扶正。中含
水火。善回阳而倒阴。原夫络别支殊。经交错综。或沟池溪谷以岐异。或山海丘陵而隙共。斯流
派以难揆。在条纲而有统。理繁而昧。纵补泻以何功。法捷而明。曰迎随而得用。且如行步
难移。太冲最奇。人中除脊膂之强痛。神门去心性之呆痴。风伤项急。始求于风府。头晕目
眩。要觅于风池。耳闭须听会而治也。眼痛则合谷以推之。胸结身黄。取涌泉而即可。脑昏
目赤。泻攒竹以偏宜。但见两肘之拘挛。仗曲池而平扫。四肢之懈惰。凭照海以消除。牙齿痛
吕细堪治。头项强承浆可保。太白宣道于气冲。阴陵开通于水道。腹膨而胀。夺内庭兮休迟
筋转而疼。泻承山而在早。大抵脚腕痛。昆仑解愈。股膝疼。阴市能医。痫发颠狂兮。凭
后
溪而疗理。疟生寒热兮。仗间使以扶持。期门罢胸满血膨而可以。劳宫退胃翻心痛亦何疑。
稽夫
行间治膝肿目疾。尺泽去肘疼筋挛。目昏不见。二间宜取。鼻窒无闻。迎香可引。肩井除
两臂难任。丝竹疗头疼不忍。咳嗽寒痰。列缺堪治。眵蔑冷泪。临泣尤准。髋骨将腿痛以伤
残。肾俞把腰疼而泻尽。以见越人治尸厥于维会。随手而苏。文伯泻死胎于阴交。应针而
殒
夺子而平其有余。观二十七之经络。一一明辨。据四百四之疾证。件件皆除。故得夭枉都无。
跻斯民于寿域。几微已判。彰往古之玄书。抑又闻心胸病。求掌后之大陵。肩背患。责肘前
之三里。冷痹肾败。取足
阳明之土。连脐腹痛。泻足少阴之水。脊间心后者。针中渚而立痊。
胁下肋边者。刺阳陵而即止。头项痛。拟后溪以安然。腰脚疼。在
委中而已矣。夫用针之士。于此理苟能明焉。收祛邪之功。而在乎捻指。
序言说:通过望、闻、问、切四种诊法,推究并阐明疾病产生的根源;运用补法和泻法,以及迎随补泻的手法,揭示针刺治疗的原理。我从开始学习针灸至今,虽然常常用心深思,但心中仍无定见。有时病情精微复杂,必须夺取病邪之气,而正气必然虚弱;加之国家动乱,地域阻隔,医药商人断绝,无处求药。即使开方有效,在市面上也无处求购药物,不如砭石和针刺立竿见影,能立刻排除疾势。于是我接受教导,于是敏速地寻求良师。前后历时仅十七年,后来避乱居住在蔡邑,才从李君那里获得真传。这个人用针道治愈疾病,消除眼前的疼痛,在指下治愈万种疾病,确实是所谓潜伏弩机之中,响应如同发射箭矢一样迅速,百发百中的人。加上他有好生之德,素来没有谋取私利之心。他曾对我说:“天宝(珍贵的医术)不泄露给非人,圣道必须传授给贤者。”我不自量力,于是整理出诚恳的求学之心,获得了他不吝惜传授的诚意。传授穴位的关键要点,共有四十三处,治疗疾病而没有一次不痊愈的,万无一失。我将这些铭记在心,深入骨髓,务必拯救他们的困境,扶持他们的危局,从而使去除疼痛迅捷如同手拈物一般容易,破除结聚涣散如同冰融化一样自然。
这针刺之术,果然神奇啊!然而考虑到这些穴位可能遗忘,借助其声律韵脚则容易记忆,于是裁剪成八韵,写成一篇赋。岂敢藏匿于己私,而是为了传给志同道合的人。
一定要治病,没有比使用针刺更好的了。巧妙地运用神妙的机理,工匠开启深奥的圣人之理。外部取用砭石和针具,能够祛除邪气而扶助正气;内部蕴含水火阴阳之理,善于回阳救逆而纠正阴证。
追溯根本,络脉分支殊异,经脉交错综合。有的像沟池溪谷那样分歧各异,有的像山海丘陵那样间隙共同存在。这种流派的难以揣测,在于条纲中有统绪。道理繁杂而晦暗,纵然运用补泻又有什么用呢?方法快捷而明了,叫做迎随补泻就可以应用。
就像行走困难难以移动,太冲穴最为奇妙;人中穴可以消除脊背的强痛;神门穴可以去掉心性的呆痴。风邪伤及颈部导致拘急,开始要寻求风府穴;头晕目眩,要寻找风池穴。耳闭需要听会穴来治疗;眼痛则配合合谷穴来推治。胸中郁结身体发黄,取涌泉穴即可;头脑昏沉眼睛发红,泻攒竹穴更为适宜。只见两肘拘挛,依靠曲池穴来平复清扫;四肢懈怠懒惰,凭借照海穴来消除。牙齿疼痛,吕细(太溪穴别名)可以治疗;头项强直,承浆穴可以保全。太白穴宣通气冲;阴陵泉开通水道。腹部膨胀而胀满,夺取内庭穴不要迟疑;筋脉转筋而疼痛,泻承山穴要在早时进行。大抵脚腕疼痛,昆仑穴可以解愈;大腿膝盖疼痛,阴市穴能够医治。癫痫发作颠狂,凭借后溪穴来疗治;疟疾产生寒热,仗赖间使穴来扶持。期门穴罢除胸满血膨是可以的;劳宫穴退去胃翻心痛又有什么可疑的呢?
考察行间穴治疗膝肿目疾;尺泽穴去除肘疼筋挛。眼睛昏花看不见,二间穴适宜取用;鼻塞不通闻不到气味,迎香穴可以引导。肩井穴解除两臂难以胜任的痛苦;丝竹空穴治疗头疼不忍忍受。咳嗽有寒痰,列缺穴可以治疗;眼屎多冷泪,临泣穴尤为准确。髋骨将腿痛以伤残;肾俞穴把腰疼而泻尽。由此可见,扁鹊(越人)在维会穴治疗尸厥症,随手而苏醒;文伯在阴交穴泻死胎,应针而堕下。夺子(流产)而平抑其有余。观察二十七条经络,一一明辨;依据四百四种的疾证,件件皆除。所以使得夭折枉死都没有,使百姓达到长寿的境界。几微之理已经判明,彰显古代玄妙之书。
我又听说,心胸病,求取手掌后方的大陵穴;肩背患,责求肘前的三里穴(此处指足三里或手三里,结合上下文多为足三里,但原文仅称三里,通常指足三里,若指手臂则为手三里,鉴于前文“掌后”对“肘前”,此处可能指手三里,但中医常语“肚腹三里留”,且足三里为合穴,地位重要,此处存疑,按原文直译)。冷痹肾败,取足阳明经的土穴(陷谷或厉兑等,原文泛指);连脐腹痛,泻足少阴经的水穴(复溜或然谷等,原文泛指)。脊间心后部位的疼痛,针刺中渚穴立刻痊愈;胁下肋边部位的疼痛,刺阳陵泉穴即刻停止;头项疼痛,拟用后溪穴使其安然;腰脚疼痛,在委中穴而已。
凡是使用针刺的士人,对于这些道理如果能够明白,收取祛邪的功效,就在于捻指之间。
Preface states: Through the four diagnostic methods of observation (Wang), listening and smelling (Wen), inquiry (Wen), and palpation (Qie), one deduces and clarifies the root cause of disease. By employing tonification (Bu) and sedation (Xie), as well as the Ying-Sui (Following and Opposing) techniques, one reveals the principles of acupuncture. From the beginning of my study to the present, although I have often pondered deeply with my heart, my mind remained unsettled. Sometimes the pathology is subtle and complex, requiring the removal of pathogenic Qi, while the healthy Qi inevitably weakens; furthermore, due to national turmoil and geographical barriers, medical supplies are cut off, making it impossible to seek remedies in the market. Even if a prescription is effective, there is no place to procure the herbs on the streets. It is better than Bian stones or acupuncture, which can immediately resolve the disease's momentum. Thus, I accepted instruction and diligently sought a master. This process took only seventeen years. Later, while taking refuge in Caiyi, I finally received the secret teachings from Master Li. This person cured diseases with acupuncture, eliminating pain before one's eyes and healing ten thousand illnesses under his fingers. He was indeed someone whose skill was like a hidden crossbow trigger, responding as swiftly as releasing an arrow, hitting the target every time. Added to this was his benevolent intention to preserve life, and he had never harbored any selfish desire for profit. He once said to me, "Precious knowledge (Tianbao) is not revealed to the unworthy; the Sacred Dao must be transmitted to the worthy." Presuming not on my own abilities, I organized my sincere request for learning and obtained his sincere willingness to teach without hesitation. The essential points of acupoints were taught, totaling forty-three. In treating diseases, there was not a single failure out of ten thousand. I engraved these in my heart and penetrated them into my marrow, striving to save those in distress and support those in danger, so that removing pain became as swift as picking up an object with one's hand, and breaking up accumulations became as natural as ice melting.
Acupuncture, truly, is miraculous! However, considering that these acupoints might be forgotten, relying on their rhythmic verses makes them easier to memorize. Therefore, I composed eight rhymes and wrote one poem. How dare I keep this to myself? It is intended to be passed on to like-minded colleagues.
To cure disease, nothing is better than using acupuncture. Skillfully manipulating the divine mechanism, the practitioner opens the profound principles of the sages. Externally utilizing Bian stones and needles, one can dispel evil and support righteousness; internally containing the principles of Water and Fire, one is good at restoring Yang and reversing Yin conditions.
Tracing back to the origin, collaterals branch out differently, and meridians interweave and combine. Some diverge like ditches, pools, streams, and valleys; some share gaps like mountains, seas, hills, and ridges. These flows are difficult to fathom, yet within the categories and outlines, there is order. When principles are complex and obscure, what use is there even in applying tonification and sedation? But when methods are swift and clear, the application of Ying-Sui becomes effective.
For instance, regarding difficulty in walking and moving, Taichong (LR3) is most remarkable; Renzhong (GV26) eliminates stiffness and pain in the spine; Shenmen (HT7) removes mental dullness and stupidity. When wind damages the neck causing stiffness, one initially seeks Fengfu (GV16); for dizziness and blurred vision, one looks for Fengchi (GB20). For ear blockage affecting hearing, Tinghui (GB2) is required; for eye pain, Hegu (LI4) is combined for treatment. For chest stagnation and yellowing of the body, Yongquan (KI1) is taken; for brain dizziness and red eyes, dispersing Cuanzhu (BL2) is more suitable. When seeing spasms in both elbows, Quchi (LI11) relies on to smooth them out; for flaccidity and laziness in the limbs, Zhaohai (KI6) depends on to eliminate them. For toothache, Lüxi (Taixi, KI3) is capable of treating; for head and neck stiffness, Chengjiang (CV24) can ensure relief. Taibai (SP3) promotes Qi flow; Yinlingquan (SP9) opens water pathways. For abdominal distension and bloating, seizing Neiting (ST44) should not be delayed; for muscle cramps and pain, dispersing Chengshan (BL57) should be done early. Generally speaking, for ankle pain, Kunlun (BL60) resolves it; for thigh and knee pain, Yinshi (ST33) can treat it. For epilepsy manifesting as madness, Houxi (SI3) relies on for therapy; for malaria generating chills and fever, Jianshi (PC5) supports it. Qimen (LR14) can stop chest fullness and blood distension; Laogong (PC8) retreats stomach reversal and heart pain, leaving no doubt.
Examining Xingjian (LR2) treats knee swelling and eye diseases; Chize (LU5) removes elbow pain and tendon spasms. For dim vision, Erjian (LI2) is suitable to take; for nasal obstruction and loss of smell, Yingxiang (LI20) can guide. Jianjing (GB21) relieves the inability of both arms to bear weight; Sizhukong (SJ23) treats unbearable headaches. For cough with cold phlegm, Lieque (LU7) is treatable; for excessive eye discharge and cold tears, Linqi (GB15) is particularly accurate. Guangu (GB30) addresses leg pain caused by hip bone issues; Shenshu (BL23) drains lower back pain. From this, we see that Yue Ren (Bian Que) treated corpse-like coma (Shijue) at Weihui (likely referring to Baihui GV20 or similar intersection points, text says Weihui), waking up instantly; Wen Bo expelled a dead fetus at Yinjiao (CV7), delivering it upon needling. To induce abortion and calm excess, observing the twenty-seven meridians allows for clear differentiation; according to the four hundred and four types of diseases, each item is removed. Thus, premature death is avoided, raising the people to an age of longevity. The subtle distinctions are already judged, illuminating the mysterious books of antiquity.
Furthermore, I have heard that for chest and heart diseases, one seeks Daling (PC7) behind the palm; for shoulder and back ailments, one blames Sanli (ST36 or LI10, context implies ST36 generally for abdomen/back but here linked to shoulder/back via meridian connections, often interpreted as Zusanli ST36 or Quchi LI11 depending on school, text says 'Sanli' near elbow front) in front of the elbow. For cold bi syndrome and kidney failure, one takes the Earth point of the Foot-Yangming Meridian; for periumbilical abdominal pain, one disperses the Water point of the Foot-Shaoyin Meridian. For pain in the interscapular region behind the heart, needling Zhongzhu (TE3) leads to immediate recovery. For pain under the ribs and along the costal margin, puncturing Yanglingquan (GB34) stops it immediately. For head and neck pain, Houxi (SI3) is proposed to bring peace; for lower back and foot pain, it lies in Weizhong (BL40).
For those who practice acupuncture, if they can understand these principles, the merit of dispelling evil lies within the turning of a finger.