(附论)
夫吐症有三,气、积、寒也。皆从三焦论之,上焦在胃口,上通于天气,主内而不出,
中焦
故上
燥,
痛,
其气
大便
秘结
方
麦门冬汤(出三因方)
治上焦伏热,腹满不欲饮食,入胃未定,身背热汗出,或食先吐而后下,名曰满
气。
麦门冬(去心) 生芦根、竹茹、白术(各五两) 甘草(炙) 茯苓(各二两) 橘
皮、人参、
葳
热
服
桔梗汤(出济生拔粹方)
治上焦气热上冲,食已暴吐,脉浮而洪,宜先和中。
桔梗、白术(各一两半) 半夏曲(二两) 陈皮(去白) 白茯苓、枳实(麸炒) 浓
朴(姜
制炒
然后
以
青镇丸(出济生拔粹方)
治上焦吐,头发痛而有汗,脉弦。
柴胡(一两) 黄芩(七钱半) 甘草(五钱) 半夏(一两半洗七次) 青黛(二钱)
人参(五钱)
木香散(出济生拔粹方)
木香、槟榔(各等分) 上为细末,煎药调服。
紫沉丸(出济生拔粹方)
治中焦吐,由食积与寒相搏,故吐而痛。
半夏曲(一钱) 代赭石(二钱) 缩砂仁(三钱) 乌梅(去核二钱) 杏仁(去皮
尖二钱)
丁香
半钱) 上
为末,入巴豆霜令匀,醋糊丸,如梧桐子大,每服三十丸,食后生姜汤下,吐愈即止。
治反胃吐食。(出保命集方)
上用橘皮一个,浸少时去白,裹生姜一块,面裹纸封烧令熟,去面,以生姜三番并橘皮
煎汤
人参汤(出三因方)
治下焦伏热,气逆不续,大小便不通,呕吐不禁,名曰走哺。
人参、葳蕤、黄芩、知母、茯苓(各三钱) 白术、橘皮、生芦根、栀子仁(各半两) 石
膏(
半夏汤
治上焦壅热,饮食不下,呕吐两胁痛。
半夏(汤洗七次焙) 人参、柴胡(去苗) 麦门冬(去心焙三分) 竹茹、赤茯苓(去
黑皮)
桂
入生姜
五
石膏竹茹汤
治上焦壅热,见食呕吐,头痛目赤。
石膏(三两) 竹茹(焙) 人参、白茅根(各一两) 玄明粉(研) 桔梗(炒) 甘
草(炙锉)
葛
片,
煎
前胡散(出千金方)
治呕吐,四肢痹冷,上气腹热,三焦不调。
前胡、川芎、甘草、当归、石膏(研) 人参、桂心、橘皮(各二两) 芍药(三两) 半
夏(四
三服,
一
荆黄汤(出保命集方)
治暴吐者,上焦气热所冲也,经曰诸呕吐酸,暴注下迫,皆属于热脉
荆芥穗(一两) 人参(一两五钱) 甘草(三钱半) 大黄(三钱) 上为粗末,每
服五钱,
水二
槟榔散(出保命集方)
槟榔(二钱) 木香(一钱) 轻粉(少许) 上为末,用前药服,如欲丸,亦可用水
浸蒸饼
为丸
附子丸(出保命集方)
治下焦吐,朝食暮吐,大便不通。\x
附子(炮五钱) 巴豆霜(一钱) 砒(半钱研细) 上同研极细,熔黄蜡和匀,丸如
梧桐子
大,
(附论)
呕吐病症有三种,分别是气吐、积吐和寒吐。这三种病症都可以从三焦的角度来论述。上焦位于胃口之上,向上连通天气,主要功能是受纳水谷而不轻易外泄。如果上焦燥热,就会出现疼痛,导致大便秘结。
麦门冬汤(出自《三因方》)
治疗上焦伏热,表现为腹部胀满、不想饮食,食物进入胃中尚未消化,身体背部发热并出汗,或者先呕吐食物随后腹泻,这种病症称为“满气”。
药材:麦门冬(去除心)、生芦根、竹茹、白术(各五两),甘草(炙烤)、茯苓(各二两),橘皮、人参。(煎服方法原文缺失,通常指水煎温服)。
桔梗汤(出自《济生拔粹方》)
治疗上焦气热上冲,进食后立即剧烈呕吐,脉象浮而洪大,适宜先调和脾胃。
药材:桔梗、白术(各一两半),半夏曲(二两),橘皮(去除白色部分),白茯苓、枳实(麸皮炒制),浓朴(姜汁制后炒制)。(煎服方法原文缺失)。
青镇丸(出自《济生拔粹方》)
治疗上焦呕吐,伴有头发痛且有汗出,脉象弦紧。
药材:柴胡(一两),黄芩(七钱半),甘草(五钱),半夏(一两半,用水清洗七次),青黛(二钱),人参(五钱)。(制剂与服用方法原文缺失)。
木香散(出自《济生拔粹方》)
药材:木香、槟榔(各等分)。将上述药材研成细末,用药汤调服。
紫沉丸(出自《济生拔粹方》)
治疗中焦呕吐,由食积与寒气相互搏结所致,因此出现呕吐且伴有疼痛。
药材:半夏曲(一钱),代赭石(二钱),缩砂仁(三钱),乌梅(去核,二钱),杏仁(去皮尖,二钱),丁香(半钱)。将上述药材研为细末,加入巴豆霜混合均匀,用醋糊制成丸药,大小如梧桐子。每次服用三十丸,饭后用生姜汤送下,呕吐痊愈后即停止服用。
(另一首方剂,未列名,出自《保命集方》)
治疗反胃吐食。
用法:取一个橘皮,浸泡片刻后去除白色内层,包裹一块生姜,外面用纸裹住面粉团,烧至熟透,去掉面壳,将生姜和橘皮一起煎煮成汤。(具体药材比例原文缺失)。
人参汤(出自《三因方》)
治疗下焦伏热,气逆不能接续,大小便不通畅,呕吐不止,这种病症称为“走哺”。
药材:人参、葳蕤、黄芩、知母、茯苓(各三钱),白术、橘皮、生芦根、栀子仁(各半两),石膏。(煎服方法原文缺失)。
半夏汤
治疗上焦壅滞之热,饮食无法咽下,呕吐且两胁疼痛。
药材:半夏(用水清洗七次后焙干),人参、柴胡(去除苗头),麦门冬(去除心后焙干,三分),竹茹、赤茯苓(去除黑皮)。(煎服方法原文缺失,提及入生姜)。
石膏竹茹汤
治疗上焦壅滞之热,见到食物就呕吐,头痛且眼睛发红。
药材:石膏(三两),竹茹(焙干),人参、白茅根(各一两),玄明粉(研细),桔梗(炒制),甘草(炙烤并锉碎)。(煎服方法原文缺失)。
前胡散(出自《千金方》)
治疗呕吐,四肢痹阻发冷,上气喘促且腹部发热,三焦功能不调。
药材:前胡、川芎、甘草、当归、石膏(研细),人参、桂心、橘皮(各二两),芍药(三两),半夏(四两)。(煎服方法原文缺失,提及三服)。
荆黄汤(出自《保命集方》)
治疗突发呕吐,这是由上焦气热冲击所致。《内经》说:“各种呕吐泛酸,急性腹泻伴里急后重,都属于热证。”
药材:荆芥穗(一两),人参(一两五钱),甘草(三钱半),大黄(三钱)。将上述药材捣成粗末,每次服用五钱,加水二升煎煮。(后续煎服细节原文缺失)。
槟榔散(出自《保命集方》)
药材:槟榔(二钱),木香(一钱),轻粉(少许)。将上述药材研为细末,用前面的药物汤剂送服。如果想做成丸药,也可以用水浸蒸饼制作成丸。
附子丸(出自《保命集方》)
治疗下焦呕吐,早晨吃的食物晚上吐出,大便不通。
药材:附子(炮制,五钱),巴豆霜(一钱),砒(半钱,研细)。将上述药材共同研磨至极细,熔化黄蜡混合均匀,制成如梧桐子大小的丸药。
(Attached Treatise)
Vomiting disorders are of three types: Qi vomiting, Accumulation vomiting, and Cold vomiting. All can be analyzed from the perspective of the San Jiao (Triple Burner). The Upper Jiao is located above the stomach opening, connects upward with Heaven Qi, and its primary function is to receive but not easily excrete. If the Upper Jiao becomes dry and hot, pain occurs, leading to constipation.
Maidong Tang (Ophiopogon Decoction) [Source: *San Yin Fang*]
Treats latent heat in the Upper Jiao, manifesting as abdominal fullness, loss of appetite, food remaining undigested in the stomach, fever and sweating on the back, or vomiting food followed by diarrhea. This condition is called "Man Qi" (Fullness Qi).
Ingredients: Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed), Sheng Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma fresh), Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 5 liang); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), Fuling (Poria) (each 2 liang); Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma). (Decoct and take warm; preparation details omitted in source).
Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction) [Source: *Jisheng Bachui Fang*]
Treats rising Qi-heat in the Upper Jiao, causing sudden violent vomiting after eating, with a floating and surging pulse. It is appropriate to first harmonize the Middle Jiao.
Ingredients: Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 1.5 liang); Banxia Qu (Pinelliae Fermentum) (2 liang); Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, white pith removed); Bai Fuling (Poria), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus, bran-fried); Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed and fried). (Decoct and take; preparation details omitted in source).
Qingzhen Wan (Green Sedation Pill) [Source: *Jisheng Bachui Fang*]
Treats Upper Jiao vomiting accompanied by headache with sweating and a wiry pulse.
Ingredients: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (1 liang); Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (7.5 qian); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (5 qian); Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber, washed 7 times) (1.5 liang); Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) (2 qian); Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) (5 qian). (Preparation and administration details omitted in source).
Muxiang San (Costus Powder) [Source: *Jisheng Bachui Fang*]
Ingredients: Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Binglang (Arecae Semen) (equal parts). Grind into fine powder, mix with medicinal decoction, and take orally.
Zichen Wan (Purple Sinking Pill) [Source: *Jisheng Bachui Fang*]
Treats Middle Jiao vomiting caused by the struggle between food accumulation and cold, resulting in vomiting and pain.
Ingredients: Banxia Qu (Pinelliae Fermentum) (1 qian); Daizhe Shi (Haematitum) (2 qian); Suosharen (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) (3 qian); Wumei (Mume Fructus, pit removed) (2 qian); Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, skin and tip removed) (2 qian); Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) (0.5 qian). Grind into powder, mix evenly with Badou Shuang (Crotonis Semen Frost), form pills using vinegar paste, size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, washed down with Ginger Decoction after meals. Stop when vomiting ceases.
(Unnamed Formula) [Source: *Baoming Ji Fang*]
Treats regurgitation and vomiting of food.
Method: Take one piece of Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), soak briefly, remove white pith, wrap a piece of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Fresh), encase in dough wrapped in paper, bake until cooked. Remove dough, decoct the ginger and peel together to make a soup. (Dosage details omitted in source).
Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) [Source: *San Yin Fang*]
Treats latent heat in the Lower Jiao, rebellious Qi failing to descend, obstruction of urination and defecation, and uncontrollable vomiting. This condition is called "Zou Bu" (Running Feeding).
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria) (each 3 qian); Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Sheng Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma fresh), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen) (each 0.5 liang); Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum). (Decoct and take; preparation details omitted in source).
Banxia Tang (Pinellia Decoction)
Treats heat stagnation in the Upper Jiao, inability to swallow food, vomiting, and pain in both hypochondria.
Ingredients: Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber, washed 7 times with water and dried); Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, radix removed); Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed and dried, 3 fen); Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam), Chi Fuling (Poria with red coating, black skin removed). (Add Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Fresh); decoct and take; preparation details omitted in source).
Shigao Zhuru Tang (Gypsum and Bamboo Sap Decoction)
Treats heat stagnation in the Upper Jiao, vomiting upon seeing food, headache, and red eyes.
Ingredients: Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (3 liang); Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam, dried); Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baimaogen (Imperatae Rhizoma) (each 1 liang); Xuanmingfen (Mirabilite, ground); Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, fried); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried and cut). (Decoct and take; preparation details omitted in source).
Qianhu San (Peucedanum Powder) [Source: *Qianjin Fang*]
Treats vomiting, bi-syndrome coldness in the four limbs, upper rushing Qi with abdominal heat, and dysfunction of the San Jiao.
Ingredients: Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, ground); Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (each 2 liang); Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (3 liang); Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber) (4 liang). (Take three doses; preparation details omitted in source).
Jinghuang Tang (Schizonepeta and Rhubarb Decoction) [Source: *Baoming Ji Fang*]
Treats sudden vomiting caused by the assault of Upper Jiao Qi-heat. The Classic states: "All vomiting and acid regurgitation, acute diarrhea with tenesmus, belong to Heat."
Ingredients: Jingjie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica) (1 liang); Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) (1.5 liang); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (3.5 qian); Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (3 qian). Grind into coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decocted in 2 sheng of water. (Subsequent preparation details omitted in source).
Binglang San (Areca Seed Powder) [Source: *Baoming Ji Fang*]
Ingredients: Binglang (Arecae Semen) (2 qian); Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (1 qian); Qingfen (Calomelas, a small amount). Grind into powder. Take with the previous medicinal decoction. If pills are desired, they can also be made into pills using steamed leavened cake soaked in water.
Fuzi Wan (Aconite Pill) [Source: *Baoming Ji Fang*]
Treats Lower Jiao vomiting, characterized by eating in the morning and vomiting in the evening, with constipation.
Ingredients: Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, processed) (5 qian); Badou Shuang (Crotonis Semen Frost) (1 qian); Pi (Arsenicum Rubrum, finely ground) (0.5 qian). Grind all ingredients together until extremely fine, mix with melted yellow beeswax, and form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds.