（附论）
夫时气烦渴者。此由热气入于肾脏故也。肾恶燥。今热气盛则肾燥。肾燥故渴而引饮也。
方
知母散（出圣惠方）治时气头疼。骨肉烦疼。口燥心闷。外寒内热。已自下
利
。由有虚热未退。烦渴不止。宜服。
知母（一两） 人参（去芦头一两） 地骨皮（一两） 葛根（一两锉） 甘草（炙微
赤锉一两）
石膏（三两） 栝蒌根（二两） 上为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。煎至五分。
去
滓。不计时候。温服。
赤芍药散（出圣惠方）治时气数日不解。心燥渴。小腹胀急。脐下闷痛。宜
服
。
赤芍药（三分） 知母（三分） 黄芩（三分） 玄参（三分） 麦门冬（去心三分） 柴
胡（去
苗三分） 石膏（二两） 甘草（三分炙微赤锉） 上为散。每服四钱。以水一中盏。入生
姜半
分。竹叶三七片。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
柴胡散（出圣惠方）治时气头疼。骨肉烦疼。口燥心闷。外寒内热。已自下
利
。由有虚热未退。烦渴不止。宜服。
柴胡（一两去苗） 川升麻（三分） 黄芩（三分） 石膏（二两） 麦门冬（一两去
心） 犀角
屑（三分） 葛根（三分锉） 甘草（三分炙微赤锉） 上为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。
入葱白
二茎。竹叶二七片。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
赤茯苓散（出圣惠方）治时气头痛。虽时有汗。烦渴不止。宜服。
赤茯苓（二两） 甘草（炙微赤锉一两） 泽泻（一两） 桂心（一两） 葛根（锉一
两） 石膏
（二两） 上为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
猪苓散（出圣惠方）治时气烦热。烦渴欲饮水。小便不利。宜服。
猪苓（去黑皮一两） 赤茯苓（一两） 泽泻（一两） 阿胶（捣碎炒微黄一两） 滑
石（一两）
上为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
麦门冬散（出圣惠方）治时气壮热烦渴。
麦门冬（一两去心） 五味子（一两） 人参（一两去芦头） 石膏（二两） 甘草（一
两炙微
赤锉） 上为散。每服三钱。以水一中盏。煎至六分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
土瓜根散（出圣惠方）治时气大热。心胸烦渴。
土瓜根（半两） 干枣（五枚） 麦门冬（半两去心） 甘草（三分炙微赤锉） 豉（五
钱） 上
细锉。和匀。每服半两。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
治时气烦渴不止方（出圣惠方）
地骨皮（半两） 阿胶（半两捣碎炒微黄） 葱白（二茎并须） 上细锉。和匀。每服
半两。
以水一中盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
治时气烦渴。身热头痛。呕逆不能食。宜此方。（出圣惠方）
柴胡（二两半去苗） 赤茯苓（二两） 枳壳（二两麸炒微黄去瓤） 甘草（一两炙微
赤锉）
麦门冬（二两去心） 上为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。煎至五分。去滓。不
计
时候。温服。
升麻散（出圣惠方）治时气下后。烦渴不止。
川升麻（三分） 知母（三分） 甘草（三分炙微赤锉） 石膏（两半） 葛根（一两
锉） 上为
散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入竹叶三七片。粳米一百粒。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温
服。
葛根散（出圣惠方）治时气烦渴。或呕吐。心胸不利者。宜服。
葛根（一两锉） 猪苓（去黑皮一两） 赤茯苓（一两） 桂心（一两） 白术（一两）
泽泻
（一两） 栝蒌（一两） 上为散。每服不计时候。以温水调服二钱。令亟饮水。小便利。
汗出
便愈。
又方（出圣惠方）
黄连（一两去须） 栝蒌根（一两） 上为末。炼蜜和丸如梧桐子大。每服不计时候。
煎大
麦汤。温下三十丸。
治时气烦渴不止方（出圣惠方）
葛根（二两锉） 葱白（五茎切） 上以水二大盏。煎至一大盏。去滓。纳白粳米半合。
豉
半合。以生绢裹煎。良久候烂。去米豉放冷。不计时候。温服。
治时气烦渴不止方（出圣惠方）
取生藕。捣绞取汁一中盏。入生蜜一合。搅匀。不计时候。分为二服。
芍药汤方 治毒瘟病。及吐下后。有余热烦渴。
芍药（五分） 黄连（四分） 甘草（二分炙） 黄芩（二两） 桂心（二两） 栝蒌
（二分） 上
切。以水五升。煮取三升。分三服。一日令尽。忌猪肉、冷水、海藻、菘菜、生葱等。
干粪汤（一名破棺汤）解大热天行病。若大困。患舌燥如锯。极渴不能服药
者。宜服。
用陈久人粪干一大升。以沸汤一大升。沃粪一食久。澄清。沥取一升。顿服。如渴不止
者。根据前法更服。
【附论】
所谓时气烦渴，是由于热邪侵入肾脏所致。肾恶燥，如今热气炽盛则导致肾燥，肾燥故出现口渴而欲饮水的症状。
方剂
知母散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病引起的头痛，骨肉烦痛，口燥心闷，外有寒象内有热象，且已经出现腹泻。这是由于虚热未退，烦渴不止，适宜服用此方。
药材：知母（一两）、人参（去芦头，一两）、地骨皮（一两）、葛根（锉碎，一两）、甘草（炙至微红并锉碎，一两）、石膏（三两）、栝蒌根（二两）。
制法与服法：将上述药材研为散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，放入生姜半分，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣。不拘时候，温服。
赤芍药散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病数日未解，心中烦躁口渴，小腹胀满急迫，脐下闷痛，适宜服用此方。
药材：赤芍药（三分）、知母（三分）、黄芩（三分）、玄参（三分）、麦门冬（去心，三分）、柴胡（去苗，三分）、石膏（二两）、甘草（炙至微红并锉碎，三分）。
制法与服法：将上述药材研为散剂。每次服用四钱，加水一中盏，放入生姜半分、竹叶三十七片，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣。不拘时候，温服。
柴胡散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病引起的头痛，骨肉烦痛，口燥心闷，外有寒象内有热象，且已经出现腹泻。这是由于虚热未退，烦渴不止，适宜服用此方。
药材：柴胡（去苗，一两）、川升麻（三分）、黄芩（三分）、石膏（二两）、麦门冬（去心，一两）、犀角屑（三分）、葛根（锉碎，三分）、甘草（炙至微红并锉碎，三分）。
制法与服法：将上述药材研为散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，放入葱白二茎、竹叶十四片，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣。不拘时候，温服。
赤茯苓散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病头痛，虽然偶尔出汗，但烦渴不止，适宜服用此方。
药材：赤茯苓（二两）、甘草（炙至微红并锉碎，一两）、泽泻（一两）、桂心（一两）、葛根（锉碎，一两）、石膏（二两）。
制法与服法：将上述药材研为散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣。不拘时候，温服。
猪苓散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病烦热，烦渴想喝水，小便不利，适宜服用此方。
药材：猪苓（去黑皮，一两）、赤茯苓（一两）、泽泻（一两）、阿胶（捣碎炒至微黄，一两）、滑石（一两）。
制法与服法：将上述药材研为散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣。不拘时候，温服。
麦门冬散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病壮热烦渴。
药材：麦门冬（去心，一两）、五味子（一两）、人参（去芦头，一两）、石膏（二两）、甘草（炙至微红并锉碎，一两）。
制法与服法：将上述药材研为散剂。每次服用三钱，加水一中盏，煎煮至剩余六分水量，滤去药渣。不拘时候，温服。
土瓜根散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病大热，心胸烦渴。
药材：土瓜根（半两）、干枣（五枚）、麦门冬（去心，半两）、甘草（炙至微红并锉碎，三分）、豉（五钱）。
制法与服法：将上述药材细锉，混合均匀。每次服用半两，加水一大盏，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣。不拘时候，温服。
治时气烦渴不止方（出自《圣惠方》）
药材：地骨皮（半两）、阿胶（半两，捣碎炒至微黄）、葱白（二茎，带须）。
制法与服法：将上述药材细锉，混合均匀。每次服用半两，加水一中盏，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣。不拘时候，温服。
治时气烦渴，身热头痛，呕逆不能进食，适宜用此方。（出自《圣惠方》）
药材：柴胡（去苗，二两半）、赤茯苓（二两）、枳壳（麸炒至微黄去瓤，二两）、甘草（炙至微红并锉碎，一两）、麦门冬（去心，二两）。
制法与服法：将上述药材研为散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，放入生姜半分，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣。不拘时候，温服。
升麻散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病经过攻下治疗后，烦渴不止。
药材：川升麻（三分）、知母（三分）、甘草（炙至微红并锉碎，三分）、石膏（一两半）、葛根（锉碎，一两）。
制法与服法：将上述药材研为散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，放入竹叶三十七片、粳米一百粒，煎煮至剩余五分水量，滤去药渣。不拘时候，温服。
葛根散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病烦渴，或伴有呕吐，心胸不畅者，适宜服用此方。
药材：葛根（锉碎，一两）、猪苓（去黑皮，一两）、赤茯苓（一两）、桂心（一两）、白术（一两）、泽泻（一两）、栝蒌（一两）。
制法与服法：将上述药材研为散剂。每次不拘时候，用温水调服二钱。服药后令其迅速饮水，待小便通利、汗出即可痊愈。
又方（出自《圣惠方》）
药材：黄连（去须，一两）、栝蒌根（一两）。
制法与服法：将上述药材研为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大小。每次不拘时候，煎大麦汤送服三十丸。
治时气烦渴不止方（出自《圣惠方》）
药材：葛根（锉碎，二两）、葱白（五茎，切段）。
制法与服法：加水两大盏，煎煮至剩下一大盏，滤去药渣，加入白粳米半合、豉半合，用生绢包裹后继续煎煮，待米豆烂熟后，去掉米和豆，放凉。不拘时候，温服。
治时气烦渴不止方（出自《圣惠方》）
取生藕，捣碎绞取汁液一中盏，加入生蜜一合，搅拌均匀。不拘时候，分为两次服用。
芍药汤方：治疗毒瘟病，以及吐下之后，有余热烦渴。
药材：芍药（五分）、黄连（四分）、甘草（炙，二分）、黄芩（二两）、桂心（二两）、栝蒌（二分）。
制法与服法：将上述药材切碎，加水五升，煮取三升，分三次服用，一天内服完。忌食猪肉、冷水、海藻、菘菜、生葱等。
干粪汤（一名破棺汤）：解除大热天行病。若患者极度困倦，舌燥如锯，极渴无法服药者，适宜服用此方。
用法：取陈久的人粪干一大升，用沸水一大升浇灌粪便，浸泡一顿饭的时间，澄清后，滤取一升药液，一次性顿服。如果口渴不止，按照前面的方法再次服用。
[Attached Discussion]
The condition of "Shiqi" (Seasonal Pathogenic Factors) with vexation and thirst is caused by heat pathogens entering the Kidney. The Kidney dislikes dryness. When heat pathogens are abundant, the Kidney becomes dry, leading to thirst and a desire to drink.
Formulas
Zhimu San (Cinnamon Twig Powder? No, Anemarrhenae Powder) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats headache due to Shiqi, vexing pain in bones and flesh, dry mouth, mental oppression, exterior cold with interior heat, and diarrhea that has already occurred. This is due to lingering deficient heat causing persistent vexation and thirst; this formula is suitable for use.
Ingredients: Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 1 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, removed rhizome tips, 1 liang), Digupi (Lycii Cortex, 1 liang), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, crushed, 1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and crushed, 1 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 3 liang), Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix, 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhan (large cup) of water, add 0.5 fen of fresh ginger, decoct until 0.5 zhan remains. Strain off the dregs. Take warm at any time.
Chishao Yao San (Red Peony Root Powder) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats Shiqi unresolved after several days, characterized by heart vexation and thirst, lower abdominal distension and urgency, and stifling pain below the umbilicus. This formula is suitable for use.
Ingredients: Chishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, 3 fen), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 3 fen), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 3 fen), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix, 3 fen), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, removed core, 3 fen), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, removed stems, 3 fen), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and crushed, 3 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take 4 qian per dose, add 1 zhong zhan (medium cup) of water, add 0.5 fen of fresh ginger and 37 slices of bamboo leaves, decoct until 0.5 zhan remains. Strain off the dregs. Take warm at any time.
Chaihu San (Bupleurum Powder) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats headache due to Shiqi, vexing pain in bones and flesh, dry mouth, mental oppression, exterior cold with interior heat, and diarrhea that has already occurred. This is due to lingering deficient heat causing persistent vexation and thirst; this formula is suitable for use.
Ingredients: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, removed stems, 1 liang), Chuan Shengma ( Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 3 fen), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 3 fen), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, removed core, 1 liang), Xijiao xie (Rhinocerotis Cornu pulverized, 3 fen), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, crushed, 3 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and crushed, 3 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhan of water, add 2 stalks of scallion white and 14 slices of bamboo leaves, decoct until 0.5 zhan remains. Strain off the dregs. Take warm at any time.
Chifuling San (Red Poria Powder) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats headache due to Shiqi, where although sweating occurs occasionally, vexation and thirst persist. This formula is suitable for use.
Ingredients: Chifuling (Poria cum Radio Rosea, 2 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and crushed, 1 liang), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 1 liang), Guixin (Cinnamomi Cortex, 1 liang), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, crushed, 1 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhan of water, decoct until 0.5 zhan remains. Strain off the dregs. Take warm at any time.
Zhuling San (Polyporus Powder) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats Shiqi with vexing heat, persistent thirst with desire to drink, and difficult urination. This formula is suitable for use.
Ingredients: Zhuling (Polyporus, removed black skin, 1 liang), Chifuling (Poria cum Radio Rosea, 1 liang), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 1 liang), Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla, crushed and fried until slightly yellow, 1 liang), Huashi (Talcum, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhan of water, decoct until 0.5 zhan remains. Strain off the dregs. Take warm at any time.
Maimendong San (Ophiopogon Powder) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats Shiqi with high fever, vexation, and thirst.
Ingredients: Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, removed core, 1 liang), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus, 1 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, removed rhizome tips, 1 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and crushed, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhong zhan of water, decoct until 0.6 zhan remains. Strain off the dregs. Take warm at any time.
Tugua Gen San (Trichosanthes Thunbergiana Root Powder) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats Shiqi with severe heat, chest and heart vexation and thirst.
Ingredients: Tugua Gen (Trichosanthes Thunbergiana Radix, 0.5 liang), Gan Zao (Jujubae Fructus, dried, 5 pieces), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, removed core, 0.5 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and crushed, 3 fen), Chi (Sojaes Semen Praeparatum, 5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Finely crush the above ingredients and mix evenly. Take 0.5 liang per dose, add 1 da zhan of water, decoct until 0.5 zhan remains. Strain off the dregs. Take warm at any time.
Formula for Treating Persistent Vexation and Thirst due to Shiqi (from *Shenghui Fang*)
Ingredients: Digupi (Lycii Cortex, 0.5 liang), Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla, 0.5 liang, crushed and fried until slightly yellow), Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, 2 stalks with roots).
Preparation and Administration: Finely crush the above ingredients and mix evenly. Take 0.5 liang per dose, add 1 zhong zhan of water, decoct until 0.5 zhan remains. Strain off the dregs. Take warm at any time.
Formula for Treating Shiqi with Vexation and Thirst, Fever, Headache, Vomiting, and Inability to Eat (from *Shenghui Fang*)
Ingredients: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, removed stems, 2.5 liang), Chifuling (Poria cum Radio Rosea, 2 liang), Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus, bran-fried until slightly yellow and pith removed, 2 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and crushed, 1 liang), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, removed core, 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhan of water, add 0.5 fen of fresh ginger, decoct until 0.5 zhan remains. Strain off the dregs. Take warm at any time.
Shengma San (Cimicifuga Powder) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats persistent vexation and thirst after purgative treatment for Shiqi.
Ingredients: Chuan Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 3 fen), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 3 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and crushed, 3 fen), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1.5 liang), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, crushed, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhan of water, add 37 slices of bamboo leaves and 100 grains of Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Glutinosa), decoct until 0.5 zhan remains. Strain off the dregs. Take warm at any time.
Gegen San (Pueraria Powder) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats Shiqi with vexation and thirst, or vomiting, and chest discomfort. This formula is suitable for use.
Ingredients: Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, crushed, 1 liang), Zhuling (Polyporus, removed black skin, 1 liang), Chifuling (Poria cum Radio Rosea, 1 liang), Guixin (Cinnamomi Cortex, 1 liang), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 1 liang), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 1 liang), Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder. Take 2 qian per dose at any time, mixed with warm water. Drink water rapidly after administration. Recovery occurs when urination becomes smooth and sweating ensues.
Another Formula (from *Shenghui Fang*)
Ingredients: Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, removed mustaches, 1 liang), Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills at any time, washed down with decoction of Hordeum Vulgare (barley) soup.
Formula for Treating Persistent Vexation and Thirst due to Shiqi (from *Shenghui Fang*)
Ingredients: Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, crushed, 2 liang), Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, 5 stalks, cut).
Preparation and Administration: Add 2 da zhan of water, decoct until 1 da zhan remains. Strain off the dregs, add 0.5 he of Baijingmi (white glutinous rice) and 0.5 he of Chi (fermented soybeans). Wrap in raw silk and continue decocting until the rice and beans are soft. Remove the rice and beans, let cool. Take warm at any time.
Formula for Treating Persistent Vexation and Thirst due to Shiqi (from *Shenghui Fang*)
Take fresh lotus root, crush and squeeze to obtain 1 zhong zhan of juice. Add 1 he of raw honey, mix well. Divide into two doses, take at any time.
Shaoyao Tang (Peony Decoction): Treats toxic plague diseases, and residual heat with vexation and thirst following vomiting and purging.
Ingredients: Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix, 5 fen), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 4 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, fried, 2 fen), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 2 liang), Guixin (Cinnamomi Cortex, 2 liang), Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus, 2 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Cut the above ingredients, add 5 sheng of water, boil to obtain 3 sheng. Divide into three doses, consume within one day. Avoid pork, cold water, seaweed, Brassica chinensis (pak choi), and raw green onions.
Gan Fen Tang (Dried Feces Decoction), also known as Po Guan Tang (Coffin-Breaking Decoction): Resolves severe heat from epidemic diseases. If the patient is extremely exhausted, with a tongue as dry as a saw and extreme thirst preventing oral medication, this formula is suitable for use.
Usage: Take 1 da sheng of aged human feces cake, pour 1 da sheng of boiling water over it, steep for the duration of a meal. Clarify, filter to obtain 1 sheng. Administer in one dose. If thirst persists, repeat according to the previous method.