（附论）
朽木生蕈。腐土生菌。二者皆阴湿之地气。蒸郁所生也。既非冲和所产。性必有毒。若
误食之。令人吐利不已。心腹切痛。甚者身黑而死。菜亦生于阴湿。
性有反恶。悉能害人。可不慎哉。凡园圃所种之菜。元本无毒。但
生。出于树者为蕈。生于地者为菌。并是湿气郁蒸。变化所生。有
死。甚急速也。其不死者。犹能令人烦闷吐利。时久始醒也。
方
甘草散（出圣惠方）专治食诸菜菌蕈中毒。
甘草（炙锉） 贝母 胡粉（各一两） 上为散。每服二钱。泉水调下。小儿尿、乳汁
共服
二升
治食诸蕈并菌中毒方
生姜（切细四两） 豆浆（四两） 麻油（二两半） 上和研匀。 盛甑上蒸。一炊许
时取出。
不拘时候。时时服之。诸毒立解。
治诸食中毒方
童子小便 人乳汁（各半盏） 上和匀微煎过。温分二服。连并服之。
又方
鸡毛（烧灰一分） 鸡屎（烧灰一分） 上细研和匀。每服一钱。用豆浆水少许研。酒
下。
三服
治食诸菜中毒方
用豆浆不拘多少。逐渐量多少食之。一方治食菜果中蛇毒。以大麦酒。浸汁半升服之。
妙。
又方（出圣惠方）专治食诸菜蕈菌中毒方。并躁急发狂。烦闷吐下欲死者。
上用鸡屎烧灰。碾为末。每服半钱。用好豆浆半匙。细研和药。温酒调下。连三服立醒。
一
又方（出医方集成）治食蕈并菌中毒。致杀人者。及疗枫菌。食之令人笑不止
者。并皆治之
掘地作坑。用新汲水投坑中。搅之成浊混。取出以绢滤过。用瓷器盛。每服时打转。饮
一盏
治食苦瓠中毒方（出圣惠方）
用黍稂锉半升。以水三升。煮取一升。时时服之。一方用黍煮汁饮之。
葛根饮（出圣惠方）专治食诸菜中毒。发狂烦闷。吐下欲死者。
用葛根煮汁饮之。
又方（出圣惠方）专治菜果中毒。
以鸡血和真铁精。丸如梧子大。每服以温水下一丸。
治食野菌毒方。
又方（出千金方）专治食山中树中菌中毒。并食枫树上菌。令人笑不止者。
取人屎服一升良。煎鱼 汁服之。即愈。又用大豆汁饮之。亦可。
治蕈毒欲死。及治菌毒。（出百选方）
用石鱼头。白水煮浓汁。灌之即愈。如无生者。鲞头亦得。
又方（出经验良方）专治中蕈毒。同菰毒。
用左缠藤梗。煎汁服。又治痈疽尤妙。或敷或服皆良。
解菰子毒。及解一切菌毒。（出危氏方）
用芫花生者为末。每服一钱。新汲水下。以利即妙。
治食桃子伤方
取桃树间枭桃。烧服之。渐吐即愈。
解误食菌中毒及芋毒方。（出肘后方）
以荸荠擂水服之。一方用左缠藤。取其叶生嚼吃并解。一云种芋三年不收者。成野芋。
故杀人也。
治食菹菜、误吞水蛭。蛭藏血。肠痛。渐黄瘦者。（出肘后方）
饮羊牛热血。一二升许。经一宿便暖。猪脂一升饮之。便下蛭食。
治食诸果中毒方（出千金方）
用猪骨烧过为末。水服方寸匕。亦治马肝漏脯等毒。
治食菜中毒。发狂烦闷。吐欲死方。（出圣惠方）
取鸡毛烧为灰。以水调服二钱、瘥。
治食菜及果子中蛇毒方。（出圣惠方）
用黑豆末。以酒渍取汁服之。
中莴菜毒方
王顺求云莴菜出园圃有毒。百虫不敢近。蛇虺过其下。误触之。则目瞑不见物。人有中
其毒
解果菜毒豆粉毒
以杏仁细嚼。冷水吞下。荔枝毒。泡盐汤、又蜜解。瓜毒、瓜皮汤解。盐汤亦可。柑毒、
柑
治中菰菌毒方
以茱萸煎汤服。吐下即解。熟艾煮三五盏。犬项下。取热血灌之。雄鸡血亦可。
中蕈毒方
崇宁间。苏州太平山白云寺五僧行山间。得蕈一丛甚大。摘而煮食之。至夜发吐三人。
急用
之。
解野菌毒 北梦锁言、野菌毒人而笑者。
煎鱼 汁服。僧光远云。夷坚志云急采鸳鸯草。生啖之即愈。中菌毒杀人者。以防风三
十枝。锉碎以水煎。候冷灌之立愈。白水浓煮石首鱼头汁。灌之无不愈。食生梨叶解菌毒。
地浆
治食野菌毒（出本草）
以莲叶莲房。水煮服之。
凡菜中有水莨菪。叶圆而有光有毒。误食之。令人狂乱。状若中风或吐。甘草煮汁服之。
即
麝香丸 消瓜果水毒。
肉桂（去粗皮） 人参（去芦头半两） 丁香（一两） 白茯苓（去皮一两） 甘草（二
两炙）
青盐
匀。炼
蜜为
治人食枫树上生菌。即冷笑不止。\x（出本草）
以土浆屎汁饮之愈。
【附论】
朽木上生长出的蕈类，腐土中滋生出的菌类，这两者都是生长在阴湿之地的地气，由湿气蒸腾郁结而生。既然不是平和之气所产，性质必然有毒。如果误食了它们，会让人呕吐腹泻不止，心腹剧烈疼痛，严重的甚至身体发黑而死。蔬菜也生长在阴湿之地，性质有相反相恶的一面，都能伤害人体，怎么能不谨慎呢？凡是园圃中种植的蔬菜，原本是没有毒的。但是（有些）生于树上的叫蕈，生于地上的叫菌，都是湿气郁结蒸腾，变化而生的。有的毒性发作非常急速，人吃了会立刻死亡；那些没有立刻死的，还能让人烦闷、呕吐腹泻，过了很久才能苏醒。
方剂
甘草散（出自《圣惠方》），专门治疗食用各种蔬菜、菌类、蕈类中毒。
甘草（炙后锉碎）、贝母、胡粉（以上各一两）。将上述药物研为散剂。每次服用二钱，用泉水调服。小儿可用尿或乳汁共二升送服。
治疗食用各种蕈类和菌类中毒的方子
生姜（切细四两）、豆浆（四两）、麻油（二两半）。将三者混合研磨均匀。放在甑上蒸，大约一顿饭的时间取出。不拘时候，随时服用，各种毒素立即解除。
治疗各种食物中毒的方子
童子小便、人乳汁（各半盏）。混合均匀后微煎，分两次温服，连续服下。
又一方
鸡毛（烧成灰一分）、鸡屎（烧成灰一分）。将两者细细研磨混合均匀。每次服用一钱，用少许豆浆水研磨药末，用酒送服。连服三次。
治疗食用各种蔬菜中毒的方子
用豆浆，数量不限，根据情况逐渐食用。另一方法治疗食用菜果中蛇毒，用大麦酒浸泡取汁半升服用，效果奇妙。
又一方（出自《圣惠方》），专门治疗食用各种蔬菜、蕈类、菌类中毒，以及出现躁动急迫、发狂、烦闷、呕吐腹泻欲死的情况。
用上面提到的鸡屎烧成灰，碾为粉末。每次服用半钱，用好豆浆半匙，细细研磨调和药末，用温酒调服。连服三次立即苏醒。
又一方（出自《医方集成》），治疗食用蕈类和菌类中毒导致死亡的，以及治疗枫树菌，食用后让人笑不止的情况，都一并治疗。
挖掘地面做成坑，用新汲取的水倒入坑中，搅动使其浑浊。取出后用绢布过滤，用瓷器盛装。每次服用时搅拌旋转，饮一盏。
治疗食用苦瓠中毒的方子（出自《圣惠方》）
用黍稂（一种野草）锉碎半升，用水三升，煮取一升，时时服用。另一方法是用黍米煮汁饮用。
葛根饮（出自《圣惠方》），专门治疗食用各种蔬菜中毒，发狂烦闷，呕吐腹泻欲死的情况。
用葛根煮汁饮用。
又一方（出自《圣惠方》），专门治疗菜果中毒。
用鸡血和真铁精，制成梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次用温水送下一丸。
治疗食用野菌毒的方子。
又一方（出自《千金方》），专门治疗食用山中树上生长的菌类中毒，以及食用枫树上菌类让人笑不止的情况。
取人屎服用一升有效。煎鱼汤服用，即可痊愈。也可以用大豆汁饮用，也可以。
治疗蕈毒欲死，以及治疗菌毒。（出自《百选方》）
用石鱼头，用白水煮熟取浓汁，灌服即愈。如果没有新鲜的，干鱼头也可以。
又一方（出自《经验良方》），专门治疗中蕈毒，同治菰毒。
用左缠藤梗，煎汁服用。又治疗痈疽尤其奇妙，无论是外敷还是内服都良好。
解菰子毒，以及解一切菌毒。（出自《危氏方》）
用芫花（花生者为佳）研为粉末。每次服用一钱，用新汲取的水送服，以泻下为妙。
治疗食用桃子损伤的方子
取桃树间枭桃（未成熟或畸形的桃），烧后服用，逐渐吐出毒物即愈。
解误食菌中毒及芋毒的方子。（出自《肘后方》）
用荸荠捣烂取水服用。另一方法用左缠藤，取其叶子生嚼吃，也能解毒。一说种植芋头三年不收获的，变成野芋，所以能杀人。
治疗食用腌菜、误吞水蛭，水蛭藏在血中，引起肠痛，逐渐变黄消瘦的情况。（出自《肘后方》）
饮羊牛热血一二升左右，经过一夜便变暖。再饮猪脂一升，就能排出蛭虫及其食物。
治疗食用各种水果中毒的方子（出自《千金方》）
用猪骨烧过后研为粉末，用水送服方寸匕。也治疗马肝、漏脯等毒。
治疗食用蔬菜中毒，发狂烦闷，呕吐欲死的方子。（出自《圣惠方》）
取鸡毛烧成灰，用水调服二钱，病愈。
治疗食用菜及果子中蛇毒的方子。（出自《圣惠方》）
用黑豆末，用酒浸泡取汁服用。
中莴菜毒的方子
王顺求说莴菜出园圃中有毒，百虫不敢靠近。蛇虺经过其下，误触之，则眼睛闭合看不见东西。人中了它的毒……（原文此处似有缺漏，接下文解果菜毒豆粉毒）
解果菜毒、豆粉毒
用杏仁细细咀嚼，冷水吞下。荔枝毒，用泡盐汤、蜂蜜解。瓜毒，用瓜皮汤解，盐汤也可以。柑毒……（原文此处中断）
治中菰菌毒方
用茱萸煎汤服用，吐下即解。熟艾煮三五盏，在狗项下取热血灌服。雄鸡血也可以。
中蕈毒方
崇宁年间，苏州太平山白云寺的五位僧人行走在山间，发现一丛很大的蕈，采摘下来煮着吃。到了晚上三人发病呕吐，急忙用……（原文此处中断，接下文解野菌毒）
解野菌毒 《北梦琐言》记载，野菌毒人使人发笑。
煎鱼汤服用。僧光远说，《夷坚志》记载紧急采集鸳鸯草，生吃即愈。中菌毒杀人的，用防风三十枝，锉碎用水煎，待冷后灌服立即痊愈。白水浓煮石首鱼头汁，灌服无不愈。吃生梨叶可解菌毒。地浆……
治疗食用野菌毒（出自《本草》）
用莲叶、莲房，用水煮服用。
凡是菜中有水莨菪，叶子圆而有光泽，有毒。误食之，让人狂乱，状若中风或呕吐，用甘草煮汁服用，即……（原文此处中断，接下文麝香丸）
麝香丸 消除瓜果水毒。
肉桂（去粗皮）、人参（去芦头半两）、丁香（一两）、白茯苓（去皮一两）、甘草（二两炙）、青盐。混合均匀，炼蜜为丸……（原文此处中断，接下文治人食枫树上生菌）
治疗人食用枫树上生长的菌类，即冷笑不止。（出自《本草》）
用土浆、屎汁饮用即愈。
[Supplementary Discussion]
Mushrooms (Xun, edible fungi growing on wood) grow on rotting wood. Bacteria/Fungi (Jun, edible fungi growing on soil) breed in decaying earth. Both are generated by the damp qi of the earth in yin and moist places, arising from steaming and stagnation. Since they are not produced by harmonious qi, their nature must be toxic. If mistakenly eaten, they cause incessant vomiting and diarrhea, severe cutting pain in the heart and abdomen, and in severe cases, blackening of the body leading to death. Vegetables also grow in yin and moist places; their nature can be contrary and antagonistic, all capable of harming humans. How can one not be cautious? All vegetables planted in gardens and orchards are originally non-toxic. However, those growing on trees are called Mushrooms (Xun), and those growing on the ground are called Fungi (Jun). They are all born from the transformation caused by the stagnation and steaming of dampness. Some have a very rapid onset of toxicity, causing immediate death; those that do not die immediately still suffer from restlessness, vomiting, and diarrhea, awakening only after a long time.
Formulas
Gancao San (Licorice Powder) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Specifically treats poisoning from eating various vegetables, fungi, and mushrooms.
Zhi Gancao (Roasted Licorice Root, *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) [1 liang], Beimu (Fritillary Bulb, *Fritillariae Bulbus*) [1 liang], Hufen (Lead Carbonate, *Hufen*) [1 liang]. Grind into powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with spring water. For children, mix with urine or milk, total volume 2 sheng.
Formula for treating poisoning from various mushrooms and fungi:
Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, *Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens*) [cut finely, 4 liang], Doujiang (Soybean Milk, *Sojae Latex*) [4 liang], Mayou (Sesame Oil, *Sesami Oleum*) [2.5 liang]. Mix and grind evenly. Steam over a steamer for about the time it takes to cook a meal. Remove. Take at any time, frequently. All toxins will be resolved immediately.
Formula for treating various food poisonings:
Tongzi Xiaobian (Child's Urine, *Pueri Urina*) [half zhan], Ren Ru Zhi (Human Breast Milk, *Materis Lac*) [half zhan]. Mix evenly and simmer slightly. Take warm, divided into two doses. Consume continuously.
Another Formula:
Ji Mao (Chicken Feather, *Galli Tergum*) [burned to ash, 1 fen], Ji Shi (Chicken Manure, *Galli Feces*) [burned to ash, 1 fen]. Grind finely and mix evenly. Take 1 qian per dose, grind with a little Doujiang water, and take with wine. Three doses.
Formula for treating vegetable poisoning:
Use Doujiang (Soybean Milk, *Sojae Latex*), quantity unlimited, consume gradually according to need. Another method for snake venom in vegetables/fruits: Use Damai Jiu (Barley Wine, *Hordei Vinum*) soaked juice, half sheng, taken orally. Excellent effect.
Another Formula (from *Shenghui Fang*): Specifically treats poisoning from various vegetables, mushrooms, and fungi, accompanied by agitation, mania, restlessness, vomiting, and diarrhea approaching death.
Take Ji Shi (Chicken Manure, *Galli Feces*) burned to ash, grind into powder. Take 0.5 qian per dose, mix with half spoonful of good Doujiang (Soybean Milk, *Sojae Latex*), grind fine, and take with warm wine. Three doses lead to immediate awakening.
Another Formula (from *Yifang Jicheng*): Treats poisoning from mushrooms and fungi causing death, and treats Feng Jun (Maple Mushroom, *Aceris Fungus*) which causes uncontrollable laughter. Treats all such cases.
Dig a pit, pour fresh well water into it, stir until turbid. Filter through silk cloth, store in porcelain. When taking, swirl the liquid and drink one zhan.
Formula for treating bitter gourd (*Hu Hu*, *Lagenariae Spongiosa Fructus Amarus*) poisoning (from *Shenghui Fang*):
Use Shuliang (a type of weed/grain, *Setariae Viridis Herba*) cut finely, half sheng. Boil in three sheng of water to obtain one sheng. Take frequently. Another method: Drink juice boiled from Shu (Millet, *Panicomi Semen*).
Gegen Yin (Kudzu Decoction) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Specifically treats vegetable poisoning causing mania, restlessness, vomiting, and diarrhea approaching death.
Boil Gegen (Kudzu Root, *Puerariae Lobatae Radix*) to make juice and drink.
Another Formula (from *Shenghui Fang*): Specifically treats fruit and vegetable poisoning.
Mix Ji Xue (Chicken Blood, *Galli Sanguis*) with Zhen Tie Jing (True Iron Essence, *Ferrum*). Form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take one pill with warm water per dose.
Formula for treating wild fungus poisoning.
Another Formula (from *Qianjin Fang*): Specifically treats poisoning from mountain tree fungi and maple tree fungi causing uncontrollable laughter.
Take human feces, consume one sheng. Effective. Drink fish decoction. Will recover. Also, drinking Da Dou Zhi (Soybean Juice, *Sojae Latex*) is acceptable.
Treating mushroom poisoning approaching death, and treating fungus poisoning. (from *Baixuan Fang*)
Use Shi Yu Tou (Stone Fish Head, likely referring to a specific fish head used medicinally, *Piscis Caput*). Boil in plain water to make thick juice, administer. Will recover. If fresh is unavailable, dried fish head (*Xiang Tou*) is also acceptable.
Another Formula (from *Jingyan Liangfang*): Specifically treats mushroom poisoning, same as Gu Du (Water Shield Poisoning, *Zannichelliae Venenum*).
Use Zuochan Teng Geng (Left-Winding Vine Stem, *Caulis Sinomenii* or similar), boil juice and take. Also excellent for treating carbuncles and sores. Both external application and internal use are good.
Resolving Gu Zi Du (Water Shield Seed Poisoning, *Zannichelliae Semen Venenum*) and all fungus poisons. (from *Weishi Fang*)
Use Yuan Hua (Genkwa Flower, *Daphnes Genkwei Flos*; specifically the flower from the peanut plant variant mentioned, though typically Yuan Hua refers to Daphne) ground to powder. Take 1 qian per dose, with fresh well water. Recovery upon purging is ideal.
Formula for peach injury from eating peaches:
Take Xiao Tao (Owl Peach/Abnormal Peach, *Persicae Fructus Abnormalis*) from between peach trees, burn and consume. Gradual vomiting leads to recovery.
Formula for resolving accidental mushroom poisoning and taro poisoning. (from *Zhouhou Fang*)
Grind Biqi (Water Chestnut, *Eleocharis Tuberosa*) and take the juice with water. Another method: Use Zuochan Teng (Left-Winding Vine, *Caulis Sinomenii*), chew its leaves raw to resolve toxicity. It is said that taros planted for three years without harvest become wild taros, hence killing people.
Formula for eating pickled vegetables, accidentally swallowing leeches, where leeches hide in blood causing intestinal pain, gradual yellowing and emaciation. (from *Zhouhou Fang*)
Drink Yang Niu Re Xue (Sheep/Cattle Hot Blood, *Ovis/Bouis Sanguis Calidus*) one to two sheng. After one night it becomes warm. Drink Zhu Zhi (Pig Fat, *Suis Adeps*) one sheng. The leeches and their food will be expelled.
Formula for treating various fruit poisonings. (from *Qianjin Fang*)
Burn pig bones to ash, grind to powder. Take with water using a fang cun bi (square inch scoop). Also treats Ma Gan (Horse Liver, *Equi Hepatis*) and Lou Fu (Spoiled Meat, *Carnis Putridae*) poisonings.
Formula for vegetable poisoning causing mania, restlessness, vomiting approaching death. (from *Shenghui Fang*)
Take chicken feathers, burn to ash. Mix with water, take 2 qian. Cured.
Formula for snake venom in vegetables and fruits. (from *Shenghui Fang*)
Use Hei Dou Mo (Black Soybean Powder, *Sojae Semen Nigrum Pulvis*). Soak in wine, take the juice.
Formula for Lettuce Poisoning:
Wang Shunqiu stated that lettuce grown in gardens is toxic; hundred insects dare not approach. Snakes passing underneath touch it, then close eyes and cannot see. Humans poisoned by it... [Text breaks here, continuing to next section]
Resolving Fruit/Vegetable Poisoning and Bean Flour Poisoning:
Chew Xing Ren (Apricot Seed, *Armeniacae Semen Amarum*) finely, swallow with cold water. Lychee poisoning: Resolved by salt water soak or honey. Melon poisoning: Resolved by melon peel soup; salt water also works. Citrus poisoning... [Text breaks here]
Formula for Gu Jun Poisoning:
Boil Zhuyu (Cornelian Cherry, *Corni Fructus*) in water and take. Vomiting and purging resolves it. Boil Shu Ai (Prepared Mugwort, *Artemisiae Argyi Folium Preparatum*) for three to five zhan. Take hot blood from under a dog's neck and administer. Rooster blood is also acceptable.
Mushroom Poisoning Case:
During the Chongning era, five monks from Baiyun Temple on Taiping Mountain in Suzhou were walking in the mountains. They found a large cluster of mushrooms, picked them, and cooked them. At night, three fell ill and vomited. Urgently used... [Text breaks here, continuing to next section]
Resolving Wild Fungus Poisoning:
*Beimeng Suoyan* records that wild fungus poisoning causes laughter.
Drink fish decoction. Monk Guangyuan said, *Yijian Zhi* records: urgently gather Yuanyang Cao (Mandarin Duck Grass, *Herba Anagallis* or similar), eat raw to recover. For fatal fungus poisoning: Use Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root, *Saposhnikoviae Radix*) thirty branches, cut finely, boil in water, cool, and administer. Will recover immediately. Boil Shishou Yu Tou (Largehead Hairtail Head, *Larvati Caput*) in plain water to make thick juice, administer. No case fails to recover. Eating raw pear leaves resolves fungus poisoning. Di Jiang (Earth Slurry, *Terra Colluvies*)...
Treating Wild Fungus Poisoning (from *Bencao*):
Boil Lian Ye (Lotus Leaf, *Nelumbinis Folium*) and Lian Fang (Lotus receptacle, *Nelumbinis Receptaculum*) in water and take.
Any vegetable containing Shui Langdu (Water Henbane, *Hyoscyami Nigri Herba Aquatica*) has round, shiny leaves and is toxic. Mistaken consumption causes madness resembling wind-stroke or vomiting. Boil Gancao (Licorice Root, *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) juice and take. Immediately... [Text breaks here, continuing to next section]
Shexiang Wan (Musk Pill): Eliminates water toxicity from melons and fruits.
Rougui (Cinnamon Bark, *Cinnamomi Cortex*), Renshen (Ginseng Root, *Panacis Ginseng Radix*) [remove rhizome, half liang], Dingxiang (Clove, *Syzygii Flos*) [one liang], Baifuling (Poria, *Polypori Umbilicatum Sclerotium*) [remove skin, one liang], Gancao (Licorice Root, *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) [roasted, two liang], Qingyan (Green Salt, *Sal Rubrum*). Mix evenly, refine honey to form pills... [Text breaks here, continuing to next section]
Treating ingestion of fungi growing on maple trees causing continuous cold laughter. (from *Bencao*)
Drink Tu Jiang (Earth Slurry, *Terra Colluvies*) and fecal juice. Recover.