夫间日疟者。此由邪气与卫气俱行于六腑。而有时相失。不相得。故邪气内搏于五脏。
则道远气深。故其气行迟。不能与卫气皆出。是以间两三日而作也。
方
乌梅丸(出圣惠方)治间日疟。寒热不止。
乌梅肉(一两微炒) 桃仁(三十枚汤浸去皮尖双仁麸炒微黄) 地骨皮 豉心(炒干
各一
两)
各一
两) 天
浆
水下二十
雄黄丸(出圣惠方)治间日疟。及每日发者。
雄黄(一两细研) 腊月野狐肝(二两) 阿魏(一分) 朱砂(半两细研) 猢狲头
骨(一两)
天
红豆
大
糯米煮散(一名石膏饮)治间日疟。
常山汤(一名常山酒)治间日疟。先寒战。后壮热。
神圣丸(出圣济总录)治间日疟。
黑豆(小者二十一粒水浸去皮) 砒霜(研一钱) 大枣(三枚煮去皮核) 上须于重
五七夕
日。
面北
治疟或间日发。或夜发者。(出圣惠方)
恒山 竹叶(各三两) 秫米(一百粒) 石膏(一两) 上 咀。以水八升。铜器中
渍药。
露
旦一
及漱
乌梅二十七枚。
常山酒(出圣济总录)治间日疟。
常山(一两) 蒜(独头者一颗去根茎横切) 糯米 黑豆(各一百粒) 上 咀。以
清酒一
升
分。
醇 汤(一名大黄汤出圣济总录)治间日疟。及 疟。积年不瘥者。
大黄(锉炒三分) 甘草(炙) 常山(各一分半) 上 咀。以水三盏。煎取一盏。
去滓。
更
又方(出圣惠方)
小麦(一合) 硫黄(一两细研) 上于腊日。以醋浸四十九日。取出焙干。每有患者。
取
小麦
又方(出千金方)
先以羊肉 面饼饱食之。并进少酒。随其量饮。如欣欣有酒气。入密室里。燃炭火浓覆
取
又方(出千金方)
烧黑牛尾头毛作灰。酒服方寸匕。日三服。
又方(出圣惠方) 治间日疟。
川大黄(半两锉研微炒) 甘草(一分炙微赤锉) 恒山(三分) 桂心(一分) 上
件药都细
锉。
间日疟,是指每隔一天发作一次的疟疾。这是由于邪气与卫气一同运行于六腑,但有时两者会分离,不能相合。因此邪气内迫于五脏,因为病位较远、病势较深,所以邪气运行迟缓,不能与卫气同时外出。这就是为什么每隔两三天才发作一次的原因。
方剂:
乌梅丸(出自《圣惠方》),治疗间日疟,寒热症状持续不止。
乌梅肉(一两,微炒) 桃仁(三十枚,汤浸去皮尖及双仁,麸炒至微黄) 地骨皮 豉心(炒干,各一两)
雄黄丸(出自《圣惠方》),治疗间日疟,以及每日发作的疟疾。
雄黄(一两,细研) 腊月野狐肝(二两) 阿魏(一分) 朱砂(半两,细研) 猢狲头骨(一两)
天浆子散(一名石膏饮),治疗间日疟。(注:原文此处排版混乱,“天浆”、“红豆”、“大糯米煮散”等词混杂,根据中医常识及上下文推测为“天浆子”或类似药材组成的散剂,此处依字面直译并保留原意结构,实际古籍中常指天浆子或相关药物,结合后文“糯米煮散”,可能涉及多种药物混合。鉴于原文断裂严重,仅翻译可见部分实体)。*修正:原文片段“天浆水下二十...雄黄丸...天...红豆...大糯米煮散”,此处文本错乱严重。根据常见《普济方》内容,此处应为不同方剂的罗列。我将尽量还原清晰的部分。*
重新梳理原文片段:
1. **乌梅丸**:治间日疟,寒热不止。成分:乌梅肉、桃仁、地骨皮、豉心。
2. **雄黄丸**:治间日疟及每日发者。成分:雄黄、腊月野狐肝、阿魏、朱砂、猢狲头骨。
3. **天浆子/石膏饮类**:原文“天浆水下二十...红豆...大糯米煮散(一名石膏饮)治间日疟”。此段文字缺失严重,无法完整翻译方义,仅能提取提及的药物如天浆子(若存在)、红豆、糯米、石膏。
4. **常山汤**(一名常山酒):治间日疟。先寒战,后壮热。成分:常山、竹叶、秫米、石膏。制法:切碎,用水八升,铜器中浸泡药,露置一夜,次日早晨服用。
5. **神圣丸**(出自《济生总录》/《圣济总录》):治间日疟。成分:黑豆(小者二十一粒,水浸去皮)、砒霜(研一钱)、大枣(三枚,煮去皮核)。制法:须在重五(五月五日)、七夕日,面北制作。
6. **常山酒**(出自《圣济总录》):治间日疟。成分:常山、蒜(独头者一颗,去根茎横切)、糯米、黑豆。制法:切碎,用清酒一升浸泡。
7. **醇汤**(一名大黄汤,出自《圣济总录》):治间日疟及多年不愈的疟疾。成分:大黄、甘草、常山。制法:切碎,用水三盏,煎取一盏,去渣。
8. **又方**(出自《圣惠方》):小麦、硫黄。制法:腊日用醋浸泡四十九日,取出焙干。患者服用。
9. **又方**(出自《千金方》):先让患者吃饱羊肉和面饼,并进少量酒,随其量饮用,直到有酒气。进入密室,燃炭火,严密覆盖身体取汗。
10. **又方**(出自《千金方》):烧黑牛尾头毛成灰,酒服方寸匕,每日三次。
11. **又方**(出自《圣惠方》):治间日疟。成分:川大黄、甘草、恒山(即常山)、桂心。制法:将上述药物都细锉。
Jianri Malaria (Malaria occurring every other day) refers to malaria that manifests with an interval of one day between attacks. This condition arises because the pathogenic factor and Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) travel together through the Six Fu Organs, but at times they become separated and fail to interact. Consequently, the pathogenic factor presses inward upon the Five Zang Organs. Due to the distant location and deep-seated nature of the pathology, the movement of Qi is sluggish, preventing it from exiting simultaneously with Wei Qi. This is why the attack occurs only after two or three days.
Prescriptions:
Wumei Wan (Umeboshi Pill) [Source: *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats Jianri Malaria with persistent chills and fever.
Ingredients: Wumei Meat (Ume Fruit Flesh, 1 liang, lightly stir-fried), Taoren (Peach Kernel, 30 seeds, soaked in water, skin and tip removed, double-kernel checked, bran-fried until slightly yellow), Digupi (Lycium Bark), Chixin (Fermented Soybean Core, dried by frying, each 1 liang).
Xionghuang Wan (Realgar Pill) [Source: *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats Jianri Malaria as well as daily-onset malaria.
Ingredients: Xionghuang (Realgar, 1 liang, finely ground), Yuelaye Yehuogan (Wild Fox Liver from the twelfth lunar month, 2 liang), Awèi (Asafoetida, 1 fen), Zhusha (Cinnabar, 0.5 liang, finely ground), Husuntou Gu (Monkey Skull Bone, 1 liang).
Tianjiangzi San / Shigao Yin (Gypsum Drink) [Name variant]: Treats Jianri Malaria.
*(Note: The original text fragment regarding this prescription is severely corrupted and disjointed, mentioning Tianjiangzi, Hongdou, Da Nuomi, and Shigao without clear dosage or preparation instructions.)*
Changshan Tang (Polygala Decoction) [Also known as Changshan Jiu/Polygala Wine]: Treats Jianri Malaria. Symptoms include initial chills followed by high fever.
Ingredients: Changshan (Polygalae Radix, 3 liang), Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf, 3 liang), Sumi (Millet, 100 grains), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 liang).
Preparation: Coarsely crush the herbs. Soak in 8 sheng of water in a copper vessel. Expose to dew overnight. Take on the following morning.
Shenshen Wan (Divine Holy Pill) [Source: *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats Jianri Malaria.
Ingredients: Heidou (Black Soybean, 21 small beans, soaked in water and peeled), Pishuang (Arsenic Trioxide, 1 qian, ground), Dazao (Jujube, 3 fruits, boiled, skin and pits removed).
Preparation: Must be prepared on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month (Duanwu Festival) or the seventh day of the seventh lunar month (Qixi Festival), facing North.
Changshan Jiu (Polygala Wine) [Source: *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats Jianri Malaria.
Ingredients: Changshan (Polygalae Radix, 1 liang), Suan (Garlic, 1 clove of single-clove garlic, root and stem removed, sliced horizontally), Nuomi (Glutinous Rice, 100 grains), Heidou (Black Soybean, 100 grains).
Preparation: Coarsely crush. Soak in 1 sheng of clear wine.
Chun Tang (Pure Decoction) [Also known as Dahuang Tang/Rhubarb Decoction, Source: *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats Jianri Malaria and chronic malaria persisting for years.
Ingredients: Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1.5 fen, crushed and fried), Gancao (Licorice Root, 1.5 fen, honey-fried), Changshan (Polygalae Radix, 1.5 fen).
Preparation: Coarsely crush. Decoct in 3 zhan of water until 1 zhan remains. Strain and discard dregs.
Another Prescription [Source: *Shenghui Fang*]:
Ingredients: Xiaomai (Wheat Grain, 1 ge), Liuhuang (Sulfur, 1 liang, finely ground).
Preparation: On the last day of the year (Lar Day), soak in vinegar for 49 days. Remove, dry by baking. Administer to patients when needed.
Another Prescription [Source: *Qianjin Fang*]:
Method: First, have the patient eat their fill of mutton and wheat flour cakes, then consume a small amount of alcohol according to their tolerance, until they feel pleasantly intoxicated. Enter a sealed room, light charcoal fire, and cover the body tightly to induce sweating.
Another Prescription [Source: *Qianjin Fang*]:
Method: Burn the hair from the head of a black cow's tail to ash. Take with wine, one fangcun bi (approx. 2-3 grams) per dose, three times daily.
Another Prescription [Source: *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats Jianri Malaria.
Ingredients: Chuan Dahuang (Sichuan Rhubarb, 0.5 liang, crushed, ground, and lightly fried), Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 fen, honey-fried until reddish-brown and crushed), Hengshan (Synonym for Changshan/Polygala, 3 fen), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig Heart, 1 fen).
Preparation: Finely crush all ingredients.