凡看麻疹初出之法，多于耳后、项上、腰腿，先见其顶尖而不长，其形小而匀净者吉也。若色
见通红，则疹发于心，红者，火之正色也。若疹色淡白者，心血不足也，养血化斑汤主之，或四物
汤加防风。色大红焰或微紫者，血热也，或出太甚者，并宜大青汤主之，或四物汤去川芎加柴胡、
黄芩，干葛、红花、牛蒡子、连翘，凉血滋阴而热自除，所谓养阴退阳之义，亦五死一生之证也。
若黑色者，则热毒尤甚，而十死一生之证，此尤不可不明察之而混为施治也。
凡疹初出色赤者，毒盛之势也。但大便调，咳嗽多，右手一指脉轻重取皆有力，虽势重不碍，
但当随证调理。若嗽少，右手一指脉无力，虽三日后收，其浑身疹疮变为紫色，壅结于皮肤之间，
若用解利之药，其色渐
转红色，嗽多流涕，颇思饮食者生，若投二三剂难变者难疗也。
凡疹出至二三日，必两鼻俱干。待收完，看毒瓦斯轻者，清涕即来，就思饮食，此不必服药。若
清涕来迟，不思饮食者，须要清肺解毒，必俟清涕出，方可不用药。
或热或退，五六日而后出者轻。
透发三日而渐没者轻。
淡红滋润，头面匀净而多者轻。
头面不出者重。
红紫黯燥者重。
咽喉肿痛不食者重。
冒风没早者重。
移热大肠变痢者重。
黑黯干枯，一出即没者不治。
鼻扇口张，目无神者不治。
鼻清，粪黑者不治。气喘，心前吸者不治。
观察麻疹初起的方法，通常先在耳后、颈部、腰部和腿部看到疹子。如果疹点尖耸但未隆起，形态细小且均匀洁净，这是吉兆。若疹色呈现通红，说明病位在心，红色是火的正色。若疹色淡白，说明心血不足，应主用养血化斑汤，或者使用四物汤加防风。若疹色呈大红如火焰或略带紫色，说明血热，或者出疹过于猛烈，都适宜主用大青汤，或者使用四物汤去掉川芎，加入柴胡、黄芩、干葛、红花、牛蒡子、连翘，以凉血滋阴，热邪自然消除，这就是所谓“养阴退阳”的道理，这也是十死一生的危重证候。若疹色发黑，说明热毒尤其严重，属于十死一生的证候，对此必须明察秋毫，不可混淆施治。
凡是麻疹初出时颜色赤红的，是毒势旺盛的表现。只要大便正常，咳嗽较多，右手寸口脉轻取和重取都有力，虽然病势沉重也不碍事，只需随证调理即可。若咳嗽少，右手寸口脉无力，即使三天后疹子消退，全身疹疮变为紫色，壅结在皮肤之间，如果使用解表透疹的药物，颜色逐渐转为红色，咳嗽增多并流鼻涕，颇想饮食的，预后良好；若投药两三剂仍难以变化的，就难治疗了。
凡是麻疹发出两三天后，两个鼻孔必然干燥。等到疹子收没完毕，观察毒气较轻的，清涕随即流出，开始想吃东西，这种情况不必服药。若清涕来得迟，不想吃东西的，必须清肺解毒，一定要等到清涕流出后，才可以不用药。
或者发热或者退热，五到六天之后才出疹子的，病情较轻。
透发三天后逐渐消退的，病情较轻。
颜色淡红滋润，头面部均匀洁净且数量多的，病情较轻。
头面部不出疹子的，病情重。
颜色红紫暗滞干燥的，病情重。
咽喉肿痛不能进食的，病情重。
受风寒影响导致疹子早退的，病情重。
热邪移入大肠变成痢疾的，病情重。
颜色黑黯干枯，一出即隐没的，无法治愈。
鼻翼扇动、张口呼吸、眼睛无神的，无法治愈。
鼻中流清涕但粪便黑色的，无法治愈。气喘，吸气时心前区凹陷的，无法治愈。
The method for observing the initial eruption of measles generally reveals lesions first behind the ears, on the neck, waist, and legs. If the papules are pointed but not elevated, small in shape, and uniform and clean, this is an auspicious sign. If the color is bright red, it indicates that the rash originates from the Heart (Xin); red is the true color of Fire (Huo). If the rash color is pale white, it indicates insufficient Blood (Xue) of the Heart; the primary treatment should be Yangxue Huaban Decoction (Blood-Nourishing Spot-Transforming Decoction), or Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) added with Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root). If the rash color is bright red like flames or slightly purple, it indicates Heat in the Blood (Xue Re), or if the eruption is too excessive, Daqing Tang (Isatis Decoction) should be primarily used, or Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) with Chuanxiong removed and Chaihu (Bupleurum Root), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Gegen (Pueraria Root), Honghua (Carthamus Flower), Niubangzi (Arctium Fruit), and Lianqiao (Forsythia Fruit) added. This cools the blood and nourishes Yin, eliminating Heat naturally, embodying the principle of "Nourishing Yin to Retreat Yang." This is also a critical condition with a mortality rate of nine out of ten. If the color is black, the Toxic Heat (Re Du) is even more severe, representing a critical condition with a mortality rate of nine out of ten; this must be clearly distinguished and treated appropriately, avoiding confusion.
When the measles initially erupts with a red color, it signifies a vigorous toxic pathogen. However, if the stool is regular, coughing is frequent, and the pulse at the Cun position of the right hand is forceful upon both light and heavy palpation, despite the heavy pathogenic factor, it is not obstructive; one should merely regulate according to the syndrome. If there is little coughing and the pulse at the Cun position of the right hand is weak, even if the rash subsides after three days, the whole-body lesions turn purple and become congested within the skin. If resolving and venting medications are used, and the color gradually turns red, coughing increases with runny nose, and appetite returns, survival is likely; however, if two or three doses fail to produce change, it is difficult to treat.
By the second or third day of measles eruption, both nostrils will inevitably become dry. After the rash has completely receded, if the toxin is mild, clear nasal discharge will appear, and appetite will return; in such cases, medication is unnecessary. If clear nasal discharge appears late and there is no desire for food, one must clear the Lung (Fei) and detoxify; only after clear nasal discharge appears can medication be discontinued.
Measles appearing after five to six days, whether accompanied by fever or its absence, indicates a mild condition.
Measles that vent for three days and then gradually fade indicates a mild condition.
Pale red, moist, uniform and clean on the head and face, and abundant indicates a mild condition.
Absence of rash on the head and face indicates a severe condition.
Red-purple, dark, and dry indicates a severe condition.
Swollen and painful throat with inability to eat indicates a severe condition.
Early disappearance due to exposure to Wind (Feng) indicates a severe condition.
Heat shifting to the Large Intestine (Da Chang) resulting in dysentery indicates a severe condition.
Black, dark, dry, and disappearing immediately upon appearance indicates incurability.
Flaring nostrils, open mouth breathing, and spiritless eyes indicate incurability.
Clear nasal discharge with black stool indicates incurability.
Wheezing with retraction of the precordial area during inspiration indicates incurability.