《痈疽篇》《玉版篇》等义,俱详列外科。
《平人绝谷篇》帝曰∶愿闻人之不食,七日而死何也?伯高曰∶神者,水谷之精气也
。故肠胃之中,常留谷二斗,水一斗五升。故平人日再后,后二升半,一日中五升,七日五
七三斗五升,而留水谷尽矣。故平人不食饮七日而死者,水谷精气津液皆尽故也。
《通评虚实论》帝曰∶乳子而病热,脉悬小者何如?岐伯曰∶手足温则生,寒则死。
帝曰∶乳子中风热,喘鸣肩息者,脉何如?岐伯曰∶喘鸣肩息者,脉实大也,缓则生,急则
死。
《论疾诊尺篇》曰∶婴儿病,其头毛皆逆上者,必死。
《热病篇》曰∶老人婴儿,热而腹满者死。
华元化曰∶不病而五行绝者死。不病而性变者死。不病而暴语妄者死。不病而暴不语者
死。不病而喘息者死。不病而强中者死。不病而暴目盲者死。不病而暴肿满者死。不病而大
便结者死。不病而暴无脉者死。不病而暴昏冒如醉者死。此内外先尽故也。逆者即死,顺者二年无有生者也。
妇人诸病,本与男子无异,而其有异者,则惟经水、胎产之属。故本门亦止列此九证,
曰∶经脉类,胎孕类,产育类,产后类,带浊类,乳病类,子嗣类, 瘕类,前阴类。
凡此九者,乃其最切之病,不得不另详方论。此外杂证,但与男子相同者,自有各门论治之
法,故不以男女分而资赘于此。
《平人绝谷篇》中黄帝问道:我希望了解人如果不进食,七天就会死亡的原因是什么?伯高回答说:神气,是水谷化生的精气。所以肠胃之中,通常留存谷物二斗,水一斗五升。因此,健康的人每天排便两次,每次排出二升半,一天共排出五升,七天累计排出三斗五升,这样体内留存的水谷就排尽了。所以,健康的人如果不吃不喝七天而死亡,是因为水谷的精气津液都耗尽的缘故。
《通评虚实论》中黄帝问道:哺乳期妇女患热病,脉象悬小(细弱)的会怎样?岐伯回答说:如果手足温暖就能存活,手足寒冷就会死亡。黄帝又问:哺乳期妇女感受风热邪气,出现气喘、喉间有声、耸肩呼吸的症状,脉象会怎样?岐伯回答说:出现气喘、喉间有声、耸肩呼吸症状的,脉象应当实大,如果脉象缓和就能存活,脉象急疾就会死亡。
《论疾诊尺篇》说:婴儿患病,如果头部的毛发全部逆向上竖的,必定死亡。
华元化说:没有生病但五行之气断绝的会死亡。没有生病但性情突然改变的会死亡。没有生病但突然胡言乱语的会死亡。没有生病但突然不能说话的会死亡。没有生病但突然喘息的会死亡。没有生病但出现强中(阴茎异常勃起)的会死亡。没有生病但突然失明的会死亡。没有生病但突然全身肿胀胀满的会死亡。没有生病但大便干结不通的会死亡。没有生病但突然无脉象的会死亡。没有生病但突然昏厥昏迷像醉酒一样的会死亡。这是因为内外正气先已耗尽的缘故。病情逆乱的立即死亡,顺证的患者两年内也没有存活的。
妇女的各种疾病,本来与男子没有不同,其中不同的地方,只在于月经、胎孕、生产等方面。所以本门类也只列出这九种证候,分别是:经脉类,胎孕类,产育类,产后类,带浊类,乳病类,子嗣类,瘕类(腹内结块),前阴类。凡是这九种,是最切近妇科的疾病,不得不另外详细论述方药理论。此外其他的杂病,如果与男子相同的,自有各门类论述治疗方法,所以不因为男女之分而在此赘述。
The contents of chapters such as "Yong Ju Pian" (Chapter on Carbuncles and Ulcers) and "Yu Ban Pian" (Chapter on Jade Tablets) are all detailed in the context of external medicine.
In "Ping Ren Jue Gu Pian" (Chapter on Healthy Persons Fasting from Grain), the Yellow Emperor asked: I wish to understand why a person who does not eat will die after seven days? Bo Gao replied: Shen Qi (Spirit, derived from the essence of water and grain). Therefore, within the intestines and stomach, there is usually retained two dou of grain and one dou five sheng of water. Thus, a healthy person defecates twice a day, with each stool being two and a half sheng, totaling five sheng per day. Over seven days, this amounts to three dou five sheng, exhausting the retained water and grain. Therefore, if a healthy person dies after seven days without eating or drinking, it is because the essence, qi, jin ye (body fluids), and blood derived from water and grain have been exhausted.
In "Tong Ping Xu Shi Lun" (Chapter on Comprehensive Evaluation of Deficiency and Excess), the Yellow Emperor asked: If a nursing woman suffers from heat disease and her pulse is xuan xiao (suspended and small/fine), what happens? Qi Bo replied: If the hands and feet are warm, she will survive; if cold, she will die. The Yellow Emperor further asked: If a nursing woman contracts wind-heat, presenting with panting, wheezing sounds, and shoulder breathing (accessory muscle use), what would her pulse be like? Qi Bo replied: For those presenting with panting, wheezing sounds, and shoulder breathing, the pulse should be shi da (excessive and large); if the pulse is huan (slow/relaxed), she will survive; if ji (rapid/tight), she will die.
"Lun Ji Zhen Chi Pian" (Chapter on Diagnosing Diseases by Observing the Forearm) states: When an infant is ill, if the hair on the head stands completely upright, death is certain.
"Re Bing Pian" (Chapter on Heat Diseases) states: For the elderly and infants, if there is fever accompanied by abdominal fullness, death ensues.
Hua Yuanhua said: One who is not sick but has the Five Elements (Wu Xing) cut off will die. One who is not sick but undergoes sudden changes in temperament will die. One who is not sick but suddenly speaks deliriously will die. One who is not sick but suddenly becomes mute will die. One who is not sick but suddenly pants/wheezes will die. One who is not sick but experiences qiang zhong (priapism/excessive sexual arousal) will die. One who is not sick but suddenly goes blind will die. One who is not sick but suddenly develops generalized edema and fullness will die. One who is not sick but has constipation will die. One who is not sick but suddenly loses their pulse will die. One who is not sick but suddenly faints and is confused as if drunk will die. This is because the internal and external Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) have already been exhausted. Those with Ni (rebellious/pathological reversal) conditions die immediately; even those with Shun (favorable) conditions do not survive beyond two years.
Various diseases in women are fundamentally no different from those in men, with the exceptions lying only in categories related to Jing Shui (menstrual flow), Tai Yun (pregnancy), and Chan Yu (childbirth). Therefore, this section lists only these nine categories: Jing Mai Lei (Menstrual Disorders Category), Tai Yun Lei (Pregnancy Category), Chan Yu Lei (Childbirth Category), Chan Hou Lei (Postpartum Category), Dai Zhuo Lei (Leukorrhea and Turbidity Category), Ru Bing Lei (Breast Disease Category), Zi Si Lei (Fertility Category), Xia Lei (Masses/Fixed Lumps Category), and Qian Yin Lei (Genital Area Category). These nine are the most pertinent conditions for gynecology, necessitating separate detailed discussions on formulas and theories. Other miscellaneous diseases that are identical to those in men have their own respective sections discussing treatment methods, so they are not duplicated here due to gender distinctions.