《良方》续继汤（妇二二） 四物二连汤（妇百十三） 二黄散（妇二十） 一母丸（妇三七）
《良方》当归散（妇九六） 延年益嗣丹（妇一三五） 《奇效》四物汤（妇百十一） 子芩散（妇一二二）
血热者经期常早，此营血流利及未甚亏者多有之。其有阴火内烁，血本热而亦每过期者
，此水亏血少，燥涩而然治宜清火滋阴，以加味四物汤、加减一阴煎、滋阴八味丸之类主之。
凡血寒者，经必后期而至。然血何以寒？亦惟阳气不足，则寒从中生，而生化失期，是
即所谓寒也。至若阴寒由外而入，生冷由内而伤，或至血逆，或为疼痛，是又寒滞之证，非
血寒经迟之谓也，当详辨之。
凡阳气不足，血寒经迟者，色多不鲜，或色见沉黑，或涩滞而少，其脉或微、或细，或
沉迟弦涩，其脏气形气必恶寒喜暖。凡此者，皆无火之证，治宜温养血气，以大营煎、理阴
煎之类加减主之。大约寒则多滞，宜加姜、桂、吴茱萸、荜茇之类，甚者须加附子。
五物煎（新因三） 乌鸡煎丸（妇一四二） 增损四物汤（妇百十） 四神散（妇七五）
凡女人血虚者，或迟或早，经多不调，此当察脏气，审阴阳，详参形证脉色，辨而治之
，庶无误也。盖血虚之候，或色淡，或涩少，或过期不至，或行后反痛，痛则喜暖喜按，或
经后则困惫难支，腰膝如折，或脉息则微弱弦涩，或饮食素少，或形色薄弱。凡经有不调，
而值此不足之证，皆不可妄行克削及寒凉等剂，再伤脾肾以伐生气，则惟有日甚矣。凡肝脾
血虚，微滞微痛者，宜四物汤主之，或加肉桂，或加黄芩，随寒热而用之，自无不可。三阴
亏弱，无热无寒，平脏者，宜小营煎、五福饮、六物煎之类主之，此常人最宜之剂。或八珍
汤、十全大补汤之类，皆宜择用。三阴亏弱兼阳虚者，宜大营煎、理阴煎之类主之。忧思过
度，心脾受伤者，七福饮、归脾汤之类主之。脾土不健，饮食减少，宜燥宜温者，温胃饮、
理中汤之类主之。脾土虚陷，不能统摄营气，而为漏为频者，宜五福饮、归脾汤、寿脾煎、
秘元煎，或四君子加芎归主之。肝虚不能藏血，或多惊惕，或多小腹急痛，宜三阴煎、补肝
散之类主之。若阴血虚，水不制火，而邪火盛者，或为夜热盗汗，或为烦渴生痰，是即劳损
之渐，速宜调治，用一、二、三、四、五阴等煎，择宜治之，否则恐成血枯也。
《良方》中的续继汤（妇人篇二十二）、四物二连汤（妇人篇一百十三）、二黄散（妇人篇二十）、一母丸（妇人篇三十七）；
《良方》中的当归散（妇人篇九十六）、延年益嗣丹（妇人篇一百三十五）；《奇效良方》中的四物汤（妇人篇一百十一）、子芩散（妇人篇一二二）。
血热证表现为月经周期经常提前，这种情况多见于营血运行流利且亏损不严重的患者。如果有阴火内灼，血液本有热象但也出现月经推迟的情况，这是由于肾水亏虚、血液减少，导致血液干燥涩滞所致。治疗应当清热泻火、滋养阴液，以加味四物汤、加减一阴煎、滋阴八味丸等方剂为主治。
凡是血寒证，月经必定推迟到来。然而血液为何会寒？这主要是因为阳气不足，导致寒气从体内产生，使得气血生化失去正常节律，这就是所谓的“寒”。至于如果是外来的阴寒之邪侵入，或者内生生冷饮食损伤脾胃，甚至导致血液逆乱或疼痛，这又属于寒邪阻滞的证候，并非血寒导致的月经推迟，应当仔细辨别。
凡是阳气不足、血寒导致月经推迟的患者，经血颜色多不鲜艳，或者呈现深黑色，或者量少且排出不畅涩滞。脉象可能微细，或沉迟弦涩。患者的脏腑之气和形体气质必然表现出怕冷喜暖的特征。凡此种种，都属于无火（阳虚）的证候，治疗应当温补养血益气，以大营煎、理阴煎等方剂加减主治。大抵寒邪容易导致气血凝滞，适宜加入干姜、肉桂、吴茱萸、荜茇等药物，病情严重者必须加入附子。
五物煎（新因篇三）、乌鸡煎丸（妇人篇一百四十二）、增损四物汤（妇人篇一百十）、四神散（妇人篇七十五）。
凡是女性血虚的，月经或提前或推后，大多不调，此时应当观察脏腑之气，审察阴阳，详细参考形体症状、脉象和面色，辨证治疗后施治，这样才不会有误。大概血虚的表现，有的经色淡白，有的涩滞量少，有的过期不来，有的行经结束后反而疼痛，疼痛时喜欢温暖按压，或者经后感到困倦疲惫难以支撑，腰膝酸软如折断一般，或者脉息微弱弦涩，或者平时饮食很少，或者形体神色薄弱。凡是月经不调，而遇到这种正气不足的证候，都不可妄用攻伐克削及寒凉性质的药剂，以免再次伤害脾肾从而伐伤生机，那样病情只会日益加重。凡是肝脾血虚，伴有轻微阻滞和轻微疼痛的，宜用四物汤主治，或者加入肉桂，或者加入黄芩，根据寒热情况选用，自然没有不可以的。如果三阴（肝、脾、肾）亏弱，无热无寒，脏腑功能平和的，宜用小营煎、五福饮、六物煎等方剂主治，这是常人最适宜的方剂。或者八珍汤、十全大补汤等方剂，也都适宜选择使用。如果三阴亏弱兼有阳虚的，宜用大营煎、理阴煎等方剂主治。忧思过度，导致心脾受伤的，宜用七福饮、归脾汤等方剂主治。脾土不健运，饮食减少，适宜燥湿温中的，宜用温胃饮、理中汤等方剂主治。脾土虚陷，不能统摄营气，导致经漏或经期频繁的，宜用五福饮、归脾汤、寿脾煎、秘元煎，或者在四君子汤基础上加川芎、当归主治。肝虚不能藏血，容易惊恐惕动，或者小腹部急痛的，宜用三阴煎、补肝散等方剂主治。如果是阴血虚，水不制火，导致邪火旺盛的，或者出现夜间发热盗汗，或者烦渴生痰，这就是劳损的开端，应当迅速调理治疗，使用一至五阴煎等方剂，酌情选择治疗，否则恐怕会发展成血枯病。
Decoction for Successive Continuation (Xu Ji Tang) from *Liang Fang* (Women 22), Four-Substance Decoction with Two Coptises (Si Wu Er Lian Tang) from *Liang Fang* (Women 113), Two-Yellows Powder (Er Huang San) from *Liang Fang* (Women 20), One-Mother Pill (Yi Mu Wan) from *Liang Fang* (Women 37);
Angelica Dispersion (Dang Gui San) from *Liang Fang* (Women 96), Longevity and Procreation Elixir (Yan Nian Yi Si Dan) from *Liang Fang* (Women 135); Four-Substance Decoction (Si Wu Tang) from *Qixiao Liang Fang* (Women 111), Scutellaria Dispersion (Zi Qin San) from *Qixiao Liang Fang* (Women 122).
In cases of Blood Heat, the menstrual period often arrives early. This is common in patients whose Ying Blood (Nutritive Blood) flows freely and whose deficiency is not severe. However, if internal Yin Fire (Deficiency Heat) scorches internally, causing blood that is inherently hot to also experience delayed menstruation, this results from Kidney Water deficiency and scanty Blood, leading to dryness and stagnation. Treatment should focus on clearing Fire and nourishing Yin, primarily using modified Four-Substance Decoction (Jia Wei Si Wu Tang), Modified One-Yin Decoction (Jia Jian Yi Yin Jian), or Ziyin Bawei Wan (Nourishing Yin Eight-Ingredient Pill).
In cases of Blood Cold, menstruation must arrive late. But why does Blood become cold? It is solely due to insufficient Yang Qi, which causes Cold to generate from within, disrupting the timing of metabolic transformation; this is what is referred to as "Cold." If, however, Yin Cold enters from the exterior, or raw/cold food damages from within, potentially leading to Blood rebellion or pain, these are syndromes of Cold Stagnation, distinct from Blood Cold causing delayed menstruation, and must be carefully differentiated.
In cases where Yang Qi insufficiency leads to Blood Cold and delayed menstruation, the menstrual color is often dull, appearing dark black, or scanty and stagnant. The pulse may be faint, fine, deep, slow, wiry, or choppy. The organ Qi and physical constitution will inevitably exhibit aversion to cold and preference for warmth. All such cases belong to syndromes without Fire (Yang Deficiency). Treatment should warm and nourish Blood and Qi, primarily using Daying Jian (Great Camp Decoction) or Liyin Jian (Regulating Yin Decoction) with modifications. Generally, Cold tends to cause stagnation, so it is appropriate to add Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (Sheng Jiang), Ramulus Cinnamomi (Gui Zhi), Fructus Evodiae (Wu Zhu Yu), or Rhizoma Piperis Kadsurae (Bi Bo). In severe cases, Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata (Fu Zi) must be added.
Wu Wu Jian (Five-Substance Decoction) from *Xinyin* (Etiology 3), Black Hen Pill (Wu Ji Jian Wan) from *Furen* (Women 142), Modified Four-Substance Decoction (Zeng Sun Si Wu Tang) from *Furen* (Women 110), Four-Spirit Powder (Si Shen San) from *Furen* (Women 75).
In women with Blood Deficiency, menstruation may be either early or late, resulting in irregular cycles. At this time, one must observe Organ Qi, examine Yin and Yang, and carefully reference physical symptoms, pulse, and complexion to differentiate and treat, thereby avoiding error. Typical signs of Blood Deficiency include pale color, scanty flow with a choppy quality, absence after the expected date, or pain following menstruation that prefers warmth and pressure. Post-menstrual fatigue and inability to support oneself, soreness and weakness of the waist and knees as if broken, weak/wiry/choppy pulses, habitual poor appetite, or frail appearance and spirit are all indicative. Whenever menstrual irregularity coincides with these signs of insufficiency, one must not recklessly use purgative or cooling agents, which would further damage Spleen and Kidney and deplete Sheng Qi (Vital Generating Energy), causing the condition to worsen daily. For Liver and Spleen Blood Deficiency with slight stagnation and pain, Si Wu Tang (Four-Substance Decoction) is indicated, possibly adding Ramulus Cinnamomi (Rou Gui) or Radix Scutellariae (Huang Qin) according to Cold or Heat patterns. For Three Yin (Liver, Spleen, Kidney) deficiency without Heat or Cold, and with balanced Organ function, Xiaoying Jian (Small Camp Decoction), Wufu Yin (Five-Fortune Drink), or Liuwu Jian (Six-Substance Decoction) are indicated, being most suitable for general constitutions. Bajun Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) or Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten-Complete Great Tonifying Decoction) are also appropriate choices. For Three Yin deficiency accompanied by Yang Deficiency, Daying Jian (Great Camp Decoction) or Liyin Jian (Regulating Yin Decoction) are indicated. For excessive worry and thought injuring Heart and Spleen, Qifu Yin (Seven-Fortune Drink) or Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction) are indicated. For Spleen Earth failing to transport, with reduced diet requiring drying and warming, Wenwei Yin (Warming Stomach Drink) or Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) are indicated. For Spleen Earth sinking and failing to control Ying Blood, leading to metrorrhagia or frequent menstruation, Wufu Yin (Five-Fortune Drink), Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction), Shoupi Jian (Longevity Spleen Decoction), Miyuan Jian (Secret Origin Decoction), or Sizijunzi Tang (Four-Gentlemen Decoction) plus Chuanxiong Rhizome (Xiong Gui) are indicated. For Liver Deficiency failing to store Blood, manifesting as frightfulness or acute lower abdominal pain, Sanyin Jian (Three-Yin Decoction) or Bugan San (Tonify Liver Powder) are indicated. If Yin Blood Deficiency fails to control Fire, allowing Evil Fire to flourish, presenting as night fever, night sweats, irritability, thirst, or phlegm generation, this is the onset of Consumption/Lao Sun. Prompt regulation and treatment are required using Yinyin Jian (First through Fifth Yin Decoctions) selected appropriately; otherwise, Blood Dryness (Xue Ku) may develop.