一、火证眼目赤痛,或肿或涩,或羞明胀闷,凡暴病而火之甚者,宜抽薪饮加减主之。
火之微者,宜徙薪饮、黄芩黄连汤之类主之。若阴虚而火盛者,宜加减一阴煎、泻白散、滋
阴地黄丸之类主之。若久病不已,或屡发而多火者,宜黄连羊肝丸、明目羊肝丸,或固本还
睛丸之类主之。
一、真阴不足,本无火证,而但目视无光,及昏黑倦视等证,悉由水亏血少而然,宜《
济阴》地黄丸、左归丸之类主之。或兼微火者,宜明目地黄丸、固本还睛丸之类主之。若阴中
之阳虚者,宜大补元煎、左归饮、人参养营汤、十全大补汤之类主之。
一、风热肿痛之证,察其果有外感,方可从散,宜芎辛散、明目细辛汤、助阳和血汤之
类择而用之。若风热相兼者,宜芍药清肝散、当归龙胆汤、蝉花散之类主之。
一、翳障遮睛,凡火有未清者,宜蝉花散、八味还睛散之类主之。凡退翳诸药,如白蒺
藜,木贼、蜜蒙花、蛇蜕、蝉蜕、青葙子、草决明、石决明、夜明砂之类,皆所宜用。然欲
退翳于已成,终属费力,不若早杜其源也。
一、点眼诸方,载者固多,然皆不若金露散之为妥也,或用丹砂散亦妙。若火连五脏,
热毒深远,而凡过用寒凉点洗者,多致留邪,大非良法。若火邪不甚而暴为赤痛者,用鸡子
黄连膏,其效甚捷,或黄连膏。
一、目眶岁久赤烂,俗呼为赤瞎是也,当以三棱针刺目眶外出血,以泻湿热而愈。或用
洗烂弦风赤眼方,亦妙。
一、火证(由火热之邪引起的病证)表现为眼睛发红疼痛,或者肿胀、干涩,或者畏光、胀闷。凡是突发疾病且火势严重的,适宜用抽薪饮进行加减治疗后作为主方。火势轻微的,适宜用徙薪饮、黄芩黄连汤这类方剂治疗。如果是阴虚而火势旺盛的,适宜用加减一阴煎、泻白散、滋阴地黄丸这类方剂治疗。如果是久病不愈,或者反复发作且多火的,适宜用黄连羊肝丸、明目羊肝丸,或固本还睛丸这类方剂治疗。
二、真阴不足(肾阴亏虚),原本没有火证,只是视力无光,以及视物昏花、疲倦欲闭眼等症状,全部是由于水亏血少造成的,适宜用《济阴》地黄丸、左归丸这类方剂治疗。如果兼有轻微火气的,适宜用明目地黄丸、固本还睛丸这类方剂治疗。如果是阴中之阳虚的,适宜用大补元煎、左归饮、人参养营汤、十全大补汤这类方剂治疗。
三、风热肿痛的症状,观察确认确实有外感因素,才可以采用发散的方法,适宜选择芎辛散、明目细辛汤、助阳和血汤这类方剂使用。如果是风热夹杂的,适宜用芍药清肝散、当归龙胆汤、蝉花散这类方剂治疗。
四、翳障遮睛(角膜云翳遮挡视线),凡是火热未清的,适宜用蝉花散、八味还睛散这类方剂治疗。凡是退翳的药物,如白蒺藜、木贼、蜜蒙花、蛇蜕、蝉蜕、青葙子、草决明、石决明、夜明砂这类,都是适宜使用的。然而想要消除已经形成的翳障,终究是费力不讨好,不如早早就杜绝其根源。
五、点眼的各种方剂,记载的固然很多,但都不如金露散稳妥,或者使用丹砂散也很奇妙。如果火邪牵连五脏,热毒深远,而且凡是过度使用寒凉药物点洗的,大多导致邪气滞留,这绝不是好方法。如果火邪不严重而突然发生赤痛,使用鸡子黄连膏,效果非常迅速,或者使用黄连膏。
1. Fire syndromes manifest as redness and pain in the eyes, or swelling, dryness, photophobia, and distending oppression. In cases of acute onset with severe fire, Chou Xin Yin (Fire-Draining Decoction) with modifications should be used as the principal formula. For mild fire, Xi Xin Yin (Fire-Shifting Decoction) or Huang Qin Huang Lian Tang (Scutellaria and Coptis Decoction) are appropriate. If yin deficiency leads to hyperactive fire, Jia Jian Yi Yin Jian (Modified One-Yin Decoction), Xie Bai San (Drain White Powder), or Zi Yin Di Huang Wan (Nourish-Yin Rehmannia Pill) are indicated. For chronic conditions that persist or recur frequently with excessive fire, Huang Lian Yang Gan Wan (Coptis Sheep Liver Pill), Ming Mu Yang Gan Wan (Brighten-Eye Sheep Liver Pill), or Gu Ben Huan Jing Wan (Solidify-Root Restore-Vision Pill) are suitable.
2. Deficiency of True Yin (Kidney Yin) typically lacks fire syndromes; symptoms such as blurred vision, dimness, and fatigue when looking are entirely due to depletion of water (yin) and blood. Ji Yin Di Huang Wan (from "Ji Yin") or Zuo Gui Wan (Left Restoring Pill) are indicated. If accompanied by slight fire, Ming Mu Di Huang Wan (Brighten-Eye Rehmannia Pill) or Gu Ben Huan Jing Wan are appropriate. If there is deficiency of yang within yin, Da Bu Yuan Jian (Great Tonification Source Decoction), Zuo Gui Yin (Left Restoring Decoction), Ren Shen Yang Ying Tang (Ginseng Nourishing-Nutrition Decoction), or Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (Ten Complete Great Tonification Decoction) should be used.
3. For wind-heat swelling and pain, if an external contraction is confirmed, dispersing methods may be employed. Choose from Xiong Xin San (Ligusticum and Asarum Powder), Ming Mu Xi Xin Tang (Brighten-Eye Asarum Decoction), or Zhu Yang He Xue Tang (Support-Yang Harmonize-Blood Decoction). For combined wind-heat, Shao Yao Qing Gan San (Peony Clear-Liver Powder), Dang Gui Long Dan Tang (Angelica and Gentian Decoction), or Chan Hua San (Cicada Flower Powder) are indicated.
4. For nebulae obstructing vision where fire has not been cleared, Chan Hua San or Ba Wei Huan Jing San (Eight-Ingredient Restore-Vision Powder) are suitable. Herbs for resolving nebulae, such as Bai Ji Li (Tribulus Fruit), Mu Zei (Equisetum Stem), Mi Meng Hua (Galega Flower), She Tui (Snake Molt), Chan Tui (Cicada Slough), Qing Xiang Zi (Celosia Seed), Cao Jue Ming (Senna Leaf/Seed), Shi Jue Ming (Abalone Shell), and Ye Ming Sha (Bat Guano), are all appropriate. However, attempting to remove established nebulae is ultimately laborious; it is better to prevent their origin early on.
5. Various eye-drop formulas are recorded, but none are as reliable as Jin Lu San (Golden Dew Powder), or Dan Sha San (Cinnabar Powder) which is also excellent. If fire pathogens affect the five zang organs and heat toxins run deep, overuse of cold-cooling eye washes often retains pathogens, which is not a good method. If fire pathogens are mild but sudden redness and pain occur, Ji Zi Huang Lian Gao (Egg Yolk Coptis Ointment) acts very quickly, or Huang Lian Gao (Coptis Ointment) may be used.
6. Chronic redness and ulceration of the eye sockets, commonly known as Chi Xia (Red Blindness), should be treated by pricking the outer eye socket with a three-edged needle to bleed, thereby draining damp-heat for cure. Alternatively, Xi Lan Xian Feng Chi Yan Fang (Wash Rotten Lid Wind Red Eye Formula) is also effective.