苦温，无毒。
发明 刘寄奴破血下胀，又能止血。故产后余疾及金疮血，大小便血皆用之。《千金方
》治折伤瘀血，用刘寄奴、骨碎补、延胡索水煎，加童便服。《集简方》治大小便血，刘寄
奴末空心茶清调服。《卫生易简方》治血气胀满，刘寄奴红酒煎服。时珍治小儿尿血，取刘
寄奴研末服效。《丹方》治大便血用刘寄奴半两，腊茶一钱，乌梅半枚，煎服即效。但性走
散，不可过服，令人吐利。
《本经》名金沸草
咸甘温，小毒。
《本经》主结气胁下满惊悸，除水，去五脏间寒热，补中下气。
发明 旋覆花升而能降，肺与大肠药也。其功在于开结下气，行水消痰，治惊悸，祛痞
坚，除寒热，散风湿，开胃气，止呕逆，除噫气，故肺中伏饮寒嗽宜之。仲景治伤寒汗下后
，心下痞坚，噫气不除，有旋复代赭石汤。《金匮》半产漏下，有旋复花汤。胡洽治痰饮在
两胁胀满，有旋复花汤，皆取其能下气也。但性专温散，故阴虚劳嗽，风热燥咳，不可误用
，用之嗽必愈甚。《本经》言补中下气者，甘能缓中，咸能润下，痰气下而中气安，胁下满
结，寒热惊悸，水气皆除矣。
即鸡冠花
苦微寒，无毒。
《本经》主邪气，皮肤中热，风瘙身痒，杀三虫。子治唇口青。
发明 青葙子治风热目疾，与决明子同功。《本经》虽不言治目疾，而主唇口青，为足
厥阴经药。其明目之功可推，其治风瘙身痒、皮肤中热，以能散厥阴经中血脉之风热也。
【刘寄奴】
味苦，性温，无毒。
发明：刘寄奴能破除瘀血、消除胀满，又能止血。因此产后各种余疾以及金创出血、大小便出血都使用它。《千金方》治疗跌打损伤导致的瘀血，用刘寄奴、骨碎补、延胡索水煎，加入童便服用。《集简方》治疗大小便出血，将刘寄奴研成末，空腹时用茶清调服。《卫生易简方》治疗气血胀满，用刘寄奴加红酒煎服。李时珍治疗小儿尿血，取刘寄奴研末服用有效。《丹方》治疗大便出血，用刘寄奴半两，腊茶一钱，乌梅半枚，煎服即见效。但刘寄奴药性走散，不可过量服用，否则会导致呕吐和腹泻。
【旋复花】
《本经》中名为金沸草。
味咸、甘，性温，有小毒。
《本经》主治结气引起的胁下胀满、惊悸，能利水，去除五脏间的寒热，补益中气并降逆气。
发明：旋复花药性升提而兼能下降，是入肺经和大肠经的药物。其功效在于开结降气，行水利痰，治疗惊悸，祛除痞块坚硬，消除寒热，疏散风湿，开胃气，止呕逆，消除嗳气，因此肺中有潜伏的饮邪导致的寒嗽适宜使用它。张仲景治疗伤寒经过发汗或攻下后，出现心下痞硬、嗳气不止的症状，使用了旋复代赭石汤。《金匮要略》中治疗半产漏下（流产后的持续性阴道出血），使用了旋复花汤。胡洽治疗痰饮停留在两胁导致胀满，使用了旋复花汤，都是取其能降气的功效。但旋复花药性专于温散，所以阴虚劳嗽、风热燥咳的患者，不可误用，如果误用咳嗽一定会加重。《本经》中说它能“补中下气”，是因为甘味能缓和中焦，咸味能润下，痰气下行则中气安宁，胁下的胀满结聚、寒热惊悸、水气都能消除。
【青葙子】
即鸡冠花的种子。
味苦，微寒，无毒。
《本经》主治邪气，皮肤中的热感，风疹瘙痒，杀灭三虫。其种子能治疗嘴唇和口角发青。
发明：青葙子治疗风热引起的眼疾，功效与决明子相同。《本经》虽然未提及治疗眼疾，但提到主治唇口发青，说明它是入足厥阴肝经的药物。由此可推断其明目的功效，它治疗风疹瘙痒、皮肤中的热感，是因为能疏散足厥阴肝经血脉中的风热。
[Liu Jinu]
Bitter, warm, non-toxic.
Invention: Liu Jinu (Artemisiae Annuae Herba) breaks blood stasis and reduces distension, and can also stop bleeding. Therefore, it is used for various residual conditions after childbirth, as well as bleeding from traumatic injuries (Jin Chuang), and hematochezia or hematuria. *Qianjin Fang* treats blood stasis from fractures and injuries by decocting Liu Jinu, Gusuibu (Drynariae Rhizoma), and Yanhusuo in water, taken with child's urine. *Jijian Fang* treats hematochezia and hematuria by taking Liu Jinu powder mixed with tea infusion on an empty stomach. *Weisheng Yijian Fang* treats Qi and blood distension by decocting Liu Jinu with red wine. Li Shizhen treated pediatric hematuria by administering Liu Jinu powder, which was effective. *Dan Fang* treats hematochezia using half a liang of Liu Jinu, one qian of wax tea, and half a smoked plum, decocted and taken; this is effective. However, its nature is dispersing and moving, so it should not be overused, as it may cause vomiting and diarrhea.
[Xuanfu Hua]
Named Jinfei Cao in *Ben Jing*.
Salty, sweet, warm, slightly toxic.
*Ben Jing* states it governs constrained Qi causing fullness under the hypochondrium and palpitations, promotes urination to remove fluid retention, eliminates cold-heat between the five Zang organs, tonifies the Middle Jiao, and directs Qi downward.
Invention: Xuanfu Hua (Inulae Flos) has an ascending yet descending nature and enters the Lung and Large Intestine meridians. Its function lies in opening constraints and directing Qi downward, promoting fluid metabolism and resolving phlegm, treating palpitations, dispelling stubborn masses, eliminating cold-heat, dispersing wind-dampness, opening stomach Qi, stopping vomiting and reflux, and removing belching. Therefore, it is suitable for cold coughs caused by latent fluid retention in the lungs. Zhang Zhongjing used Xuanfu Daizhe Shi Tang (Inula and Hematite Decoction) to treat post-sweating or purging conditions in Cold Damage where there is stubborn fullness below the heart and persistent belching. *Jin Gui Yao Lue* uses Xuanfu Hua Tang for incomplete abortion with continuous bleeding. Hu Qia used Xuanfu Hua Tang to treat phlegm-fluid retention causing distension and fullness in both hypochondriac regions, all utilizing its ability to direct Qi downward. However, its nature is specifically warm and dispersing; thus, it must not be mistakenly used for Yin-deficiency labor coughs or dry coughs due to wind-heat. If misused, the cough will worsen. When *Ben Jing* says it "tonifies the Middle and directs Qi downward," it means that the sweet flavor moderates the Middle Jiao, and the salty flavor moistens and descends. When phlegm-Qi descends, the Middle Qi becomes peaceful, and the fullness and constraint under the hypochondrium, cold-heat, palpitations, and fluid retention are all eliminated.
[Qingxiangzi]
The seed of Celosia cristata (Cockscomb Flower).
Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic.
*Ben Jing* states it treats pathogenic factors, heat in the skin, wind-induced pruritus, and kills three types of parasites. Its seeds treat bluish discoloration of the lips and mouth.
Invention: Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen) treats eye diseases caused by wind-heat, with effects similar to Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen). Although *Ben Jing* does not explicitly mention treating eye diseases, stating it treats bluish lips and mouth indicates it enters the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. From this, its brightening effect on the eyes can be inferred. It treats wind-induced pruritus and heat in the skin because it can disperse wind-heat within the blood vessels of the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian.