种出南蕃故名
甘温有毒。
发明 至贱之品，食类之所不屑，时珍既云，多食发香港脚黄瘅。不可同羊肉食，令人气
壅，其性滞气助湿可知。何又言补中益气耶，前后不相应如此。
甘寒无毒。
发明 丝瓜嫩者寒滑，多食泻人，菜蔬中最不足取。其老者，经络贯串房隔联属，故能
通人经脉支络，而解热消肿祛毒杀虫，及治诸血病。故痘疮不快，用老丝瓜近蒂三寸连皮烧
灰存性为末，砂糖水服甚效，以其甘寒解毒而无滑泻之虞也。其立冬后，小丝瓜 ，入朱砂
服之能稀痘。其丝瓜藤取近根三五寸，烧灰存性为末，治鼻中时流臭浊水，酒调日服方寸匙
效。其叶捣汁生服，解一切蛇伤之毒。即以滓罨伤处，干即易之。
一名锦荔枝
苦寒无毒。
发明 锦荔枝有长短二种。生青，熟赤。生则性寒，熟则性温。闽粤人以长者去子，但
取青皮煮肉充蔬，为除热解烦清心明目之品。短者性温，其子苦甘，内藏真火，故能壮阳益
气。然须熟赤，方有殊功。
甘咸寒，无毒。
发明 凡瘿结积块之疾宜常食之，咸能软坚之义。多食令人腹痛，发冷气，吐白沫，饮
热醋少许即消。
甘咸寒滑，无毒。
发明 石花煮肉夏月必冻。下部虚寒及脾气不充者勿食。
甘平小毒。
发明 木耳禀湿土之气而生于朽株，故有衰精冷肾之患。然治痔疮 肿，崩中漏下大验
。俱炒见烟为末，酒服方寸匙效。
因产于南方番地而得名。
味甘，性温，有毒。
【发明】这是极其低贱的食物，食用者往往不屑一顾。李时珍曾说，多吃会诱发香港脚（足部肿痛之症）和黄瘅（黄疸）。不可与羊肉同食，否则会导致气机壅滞，由此可知其性质滞涩、助湿生痰。为何又说它能补中益气呢？前后说法如此矛盾，不相一致。
味甘，性寒，无毒。
【发明】嫩丝瓜性寒而滑利，多吃会使人腹泻，在蔬菜中最不值得取用。老丝瓜的经络贯穿房隔相连属，因此能够疏通人体的经脉支络，具有清热消肿、祛毒杀虫的功效，以及治疗各种血病的作用。所以痘疮出不畅时，取靠近瓜蒂三寸的老丝瓜连皮烧成灰保留药性，研为细末，用砂糖水送服，效果很好，因为它甘寒解毒且没有滑泻的担忧。立冬之后，小丝瓜配合朱砂服用，能使痘疹稀疏。丝瓜藤取靠近根部三五寸的部分，烧成灰保留药性研为细末，用酒调匀每日服用一方寸匕，对治疗鼻中时常流出臭浊水有效。丝瓜叶捣汁生服，可解一切蛇咬伤之毒。将剩下的渣滓敷在伤口处，干了就更换。
又名锦荔枝。
味苦，性寒，无毒。
【发明】锦荔枝有长、短两种。青色生长，红色成熟。生的时候性寒，熟的时候性温。福建、广东人将长的去掉籽，只取青皮煮肉作为蔬菜食用，是除热解烦、清心明目的佳品。短的性温，其子味苦甘，内藏真火，因此能壮阳益气。但必须等到完全变红成熟，才有特殊的功效。
味甘咸，性寒，无毒。
【发明】凡是瘿瘤结块积聚的疾病适宜常食它，因为咸味能软坚散结的道理。多吃会让人腹痛，引发冷气，吐出白沫，喝少许热醋即可消除。
味甘咸，性寒而滑，无毒。
【发明】石花煮肉，夏天吃必定感到冰冻。下部虚寒及脾气不足的人不要食用。
味甘平，有小毒。
【发明】木耳禀受湿土之气，生长在腐朽的树桩上，因此有导致精气衰败、肾脏寒冷之患。然而治疗痔疮肿胀、妇女崩漏下血非常有效。都炒至冒烟后研为细末，用酒送服一方寸匕有效。
Named so because it is cultivated in the southern regions.
Sweet, warm, and slightly toxic.
[Invention] This is an extremely humble food item, often looked down upon by consumers. Li Shizhen stated that excessive consumption may induce Hong Kong foot (podagra/foot swelling) and yellow jaundice. It should not be consumed with mutton, as this combination causes qi stagnation; thus, its nature is known to be stagnant and dampness-promoting. How can it then be said to tonify the middle and benefit qi? The preceding and following statements are so inconsistent.
Sweet, cold, and non-toxic.
[Invention] Young loofah is cold and slippery; excessive consumption causes diarrhea, making it the least desirable among vegetables. However, mature loofah has meridians that penetrate and connect through its chambers, enabling it to unblock the body's primary and collateral vessels, resolve heat, reduce swelling, dispel toxicity, kill parasites, and treat various blood disorders. Therefore, for slow eruption of smallpox, take three cun of old loofah near the stem, burn it with skin intact until carbonized, grind into powder, and administer with sugar water, which is very effective due to its sweet-cold detoxifying properties without the risk of slippery diarrhea. After Start of Winter, young loofah taken with Cinnabar (Zhusha) can thin out smallpox eruptions. Loofah vine cuttings near the root, 3-5 cun long, burned to ash and ground into powder, mixed with wine and taken daily in doses of one fangcun chi (approx. 1 cubic inch), is effective for treating foul-smelling turbid discharge from the nose. Fresh juice extracted from loofah leaves, taken raw, resolves all snakebite toxins. Apply the residue to the wound site, changing it when dry.
Also known as Broccoli-like Lychee (Jin Lizhi).
Bitter, cold, and non-toxic.
[Invention] Jin Lizhi comes in two varieties: long and short. It grows green and ripens red. When raw, it is cold in nature; when cooked/mature, it becomes warm. People in Fujian and Guangdong remove the seeds of the long variety and use only the green peel boiled with meat as a vegetable; it is a product that clears heat, relieves irritability, brightens the mind, and improves vision. The short variety is warm in nature; its seeds are bitter and sweet, containing true fire within, thus capable of strengthening yang and benefiting qi. However, it must be fully ripe and red to achieve special efficacy.
Sweet, salty, cold, and non-toxic.
[Invention] It is suitable for frequent consumption in cases of goiter, nodules, and accumulated masses, based on the principle that saltiness softens hardness. Excessive consumption causes abdominal pain, generates cold qi, and leads to vomiting of white foam; drinking a small amount of hot vinegar eliminates these symptoms.
Sweet, salty, cold, slippery, and non-toxic.
[Invention] Stone flower (Shihua) cooked with meat feels frozen in summer. Those with deficiency-cold in the lower jiao or insufficient spleen qi should avoid eating it.
Sweet, neutral, slightly toxic.
[Invention] Wood ear mushroom absorbs the qi of damp earth and grows on rotting logs, hence it carries the risk of depleting essence and causing cold kidneys. However, it is highly effective in treating hemorrhoid swelling and uterine bleeding (metrorrhagia/metrostaxis). All forms should be stir-fried until smoke appears, ground into powder, and taken with wine in doses of one fangcun chi, which is effective.