一名合昏，《千金》名黄昏，俗名乌绒树
甘平无毒。
《本经》安五脏合心志，令人欢乐无忧，久服轻身明目。
发明 合欢属土与水，补阴之功最捷。单用煎汤治肺痈唾浊。合阿胶煎膏治肺痿、吐
血皆验。与白蜡同熬膏为长肌肉、续筋骨之要药，而外科家未尝录用，何也？按∶合欢所主
诸病，不过长肌肉、续筋骨，故用以填补肺之溃缺。而《本经》安五脏，和心志等语，岂特
诸疾而已，《嵇康养生论》云，合欢蠲忿，萱草忘忧，宁无顾名思义之实乎。
一名皂角
辛咸温，小毒，入药去皮弦子，酥炙用。
《本经》主风痹死肌，邪气头风泪出，利九窍，杀精物。
发明 皂荚辛散属金，治厥阴风木之病。观《本经》主治风痹死肌，头风泪出，皆取其
去风拔毒、通关利窍，有破坚积，逐风痰，辟邪气，杀虫毒之功。吹之、导之则通上下之窍
。煎之、服之则治风痰喘满。涂之、擦之则散肿消毒，去面上风气。熏之、蒸之则通大便秘
结。烧烟熏之则治 疮、湿毒，即《本经》治风痹死肌之意，用之无不效验。凡人卒中风昏
昏如醉，形体不收，口角流涎者，急用稀涎散吐之。若南方类中由于阴虚火炎者，误用涌剂
，愈竭其津液矣，得不在所切禁乎。然治湿热痰积，肺痈吐腥，及痰迷颠妄，千缗汤、皂荚
丸、来苏膏等诚为圣药，惟孕妇禁服。按∶大小二皂所治稍有不同，用治风痰，牙皂最胜；
若治湿痰，大皂力优。古方取用甚多，然入汤药最少。有疡医以牙皂煎汤涌吐风痰，服后遍
体赤痱，数日后皮脱，大伤元气，不可不慎。至于锁喉风证尤为切禁。常见有激动其痰，锁
住不能吐出，顷刻立毙者。其子烧灰存性，能治大肠风秘燥结，祛风逐秽之性可知。
【合欢皮】
又名合昏，《千金方》中称为黄昏，民间俗称乌绒树。
味甘，性平，无毒。
《神农本草经》记载其能安养五脏、调和心志，使人心情欢乐、没有忧愁，长期服用可使身体轻健、视力明亮。
【发明】
合欢皮五行属土与水，补益阴精的功效最为迅速。单独煎汤服用可治疗肺痈（肺部化脓性感染）导致的咳吐浊痰。与阿胶一起熬制成膏剂，治疗肺痿（肺部萎弱不用）、吐血等症状均有疗效。与白蜡一同熬制成膏，是促进肌肉生长、接续筋骨的重要药物，但外科医生未曾录用它，这是为什么呢？考察发现：合欢皮所主治的各种病症，不过就是促进肌肉生长、接续筋骨，因此用它来填补肺部的溃烂缺损。而《神农本草经》中关于“安五脏”、“和心志”等说法，难道仅仅适用于上述疾病吗？《嵇康养生论》说：“合欢消除愤怒，萱草忘记忧愁”，这难道不是名副其实的真实功效吗？
【皂荚】
又名皂角。
味辛、咸，性温，有小毒。入药时需去除外皮、果柄和种子，用酥油炙烤后使用。
《神农本草经》记载其主治风痹（风湿引起的肢体麻木疼痛）、死肌（肌肤僵硬坏死）、邪气引起的头风（头痛眩晕）、流泪，能通利九窍，杀灭精怪之物。
【发明】
皂荚味辛能发散，五行属金，用于治疗厥阴肝经风木之病。观察《神农本草经》的主治功能如风痹死肌、头风流泪，都是取其祛除风邪、拔除毒素、开通闭塞、通利孔窍的作用，具有破除坚硬积滞、驱逐风痰、辟除邪气、杀虫解毒的功效。将其粉末吹入鼻腔或纳入肛门，则能通利上下孔窍；煎煮内服，则能治疗风痰引起的喘息胸闷；涂抹擦拭，则能消散肿胀、消毒，去除面部的风邪之气；熏蒸，则能通导大便秘结；燃烧烟雾熏蒸，则能治疗疮疡、湿毒，这正是《神农本草经》治疗风痹死肌的本意，使用无不灵验。凡是有人突然中风昏迷，神志恍惚如同醉酒，身体无法自控，口角流涎的，应立即使用稀涎散催吐。如果是南方地区因阴虚火旺导致的类中风证，误用涌吐药剂，会更加耗竭津液，这难道是必须严格禁止的吗？然而，治疗湿热痰积、肺痈咳吐腥臭脓血，以及痰迷心窍导致的神志狂乱，千缗汤、皂荚丸、来苏膏等确实是神圣的药物，只是孕妇禁止服用。考察发现：大皂角和小皂角（牙皂）所治疗的病症略有不同，用于治疗风痰时，牙皂效果最佳；若治疗湿痰，大皂角力量更优。古代方剂中取用很多，但在汤药中使用最少。曾有外科医生用牙皂煎汤催吐风痰，患者服药后全身出现红色痱子，几天后皮肤脱落，严重损伤元气，不可不谨慎。至于锁喉风证更是绝对禁忌。常见有因激发痰液上涌，阻塞咽喉无法吐出，顷刻间立即死亡的案例。皂荚的种子烧成灰保留药性，能治疗大肠风秘燥结，由此可知其祛风逐秽的性质。
[Albiziae Cortex (Hehuanpi)]
Also known as Hehun, called Huanghun in the *Qianjin Fang*, and commonly referred to as Wurong tree.
Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* records that it soothes the five Zang organs, harmonizes the mind and will, brings joy and eliminates worry. Long-term use lightens the body and improves vision.
[Commentary]
Albiziae Cortex belongs to Earth and Water; its efficacy in tonifying Yin is most rapid. Used alone as a decoction, it treats lung abscess with purulent sputum. Combined with Donkey-hide Gelatin (Ejiao) to make a paste, it is effective for treating lung atrophy and hemoptysis. Boiled together with white beeswax into a paste, it is a key medicine for promoting muscle growth and knitting bones, yet surgeons have rarely adopted it. Why? Upon examination, the various diseases treated by Albiziae Cortex mainly involve promoting muscle growth and knitting bones; thus, it is used to fill the ulcerated defects of the lungs. Do the statements in the *Shennong Bencao Jing* regarding "soothing the five Zang organs" and "harmonizing the mind" apply only to these ailments? The *Ji Kang's Discourse on Nourishing Life* states: "Albizia eliminates anger, daylily forgets sorrow." Is this not a literal truth derived from their names?
[Gleditsiae Sinensis Fruit (Zaojiao)]
Also known as Zaojiao.
Pungent, salty, warm, slightly toxic. For medicinal use, remove the outer skin, rind, and seeds, then process with su (animal fat or butter).
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* records that it treats wind-bi (wind-damp obstruction), dead flesh, evil qi causing cephalalgia (headwind), and lacrimation; it benefits the nine orifices and kills spirit entities.
[Commentary]
Gleditsiae Sinensis Fruit is pungent and dispersing, belonging to Metal; it treats diseases of Wind-Wood in the Jueyin liver channel. Observing the indications in the *Shennong Bencao Jing* such as wind-bi, dead flesh, headwind, and lacrimation, all derive from its ability to expel wind, extract toxins, open blockages, and benefit the orifices. It has the functions of breaking down hard accumulations, driving out wind-phlegm, repelling evil qi, and killing parasites/toxins. Blowing powder into the nose or inserting suppositories opens the upper and lower orifices. Decocting and ingesting it treats wind-phlegm causing wheezing and chest fullness. Applying and rubbing it dissipates swelling and detoxifies, removing wind-qi from the face. Fumigating and steaming with it resolves constipation. Burning it to smoke treats sores and damp-toxids, which aligns with the intent of the *Shennong Bencao Jing* in treating wind-bi and dead flesh; its application is invariably effective. When a person suddenly suffers from stroke with coma, appearing drunk, unable to control their body, and drooling from the mouth corner, immediately use Xixian San (Thin Saliva Powder) to induce vomiting. However, if the apoplexy-like syndrome in southern regions is caused by Yin deficiency with flaming fire, mistakenly using emetic agents will further deplete body fluids. Should this not be strictly prohibited? Nevertheless, for treating damp-heat phlegm accumulation, lung abscess with foul-smelling sputum, and delirium due to phlegm misting the heart, medicines such as Qianmin Tang, Zaojiao Wan, and Laisu Gao are indeed sacred remedies, except that pregnant women must avoid them. Examination shows that large Gleditsiae fruit and small Gleditsiae fruit (Ya-zao) have slight differences in treatment. For wind-phlegm, Ya-zao is superior; for damp-phlegm, the large fruit is more potent. Ancient formulas used it frequently, but rarely in decoctions. Some surgeons used Ya-zao decoction to induce vomiting for wind-phlegm; after ingestion, the patient developed red miliaria over the whole body, followed by skin peeling days later, severely damaging Yuan Qi. Caution is essential. The condition of Suohou Feng (Lock-throat wind) is absolutely contraindicated. It is common to see cases where stimulating phlegm causes it to lock the throat without being expectorated, leading to death within moments. The seeds, burned to ash while retaining their nature, treat intestinal wind-constipation and dry accumulation, revealing their nature of expelling wind and driving out filth.