辛苦温，无毒。香而燥者良，臭而润者勿用。
《本经》主妇人疝瘕，阴中寒肿痛，腹中急，除风头痛，长肌肤，悦颜色。
发明 本性升，属阳，为足太阳寒郁经中，头项巅顶痛及大寒犯脑连齿颊痛之专药。
女人阴肿疝疼，督脉为病，脊强而厥，亦多用之。雾露之邪中于上焦，须兼木香。风客于胃
泄泻，脾胃药中宜加用之。今人只知 本为治巅顶头脑之药，而《本经》治妇人疝瘕，腹中
急，阴中寒等证，皆太阳经寒湿为病，亦属客邪内犯之候，故用 本去风除湿，则中外之疾
皆瘳，岂特除风头痛而已哉。云长肌肤，悦颜色者，外用作面脂之类是也。但头痛挟内热，
春夏温病，热病，头痛，口渴及产后血虚，火炎头痛，皆不可服。
即都梁香
辛苦温，无毒。
《本经》主女人漏下赤白，血闭阴肿，寒热头风，侵目泪出，长肌肤，润泽颜色，可作
面脂。
发明 白芷辛香升发，行手阳明。性温气浓，行足阳明。芳香上达，入手太阴。为解利
阳明风热头痛，及寒热头风，侵目泪出之要药。其所主之病不离三经∶如寒热头风，眉棱骨
痛，头目齿痛，三经之风热也。漏下赤白，痈疽，头面皮肤风痹燥痒，三经之湿热也。风热
者辛以散之，湿热者温以除之。都梁丸治崩漏赤白，深得《本经》之旨。性善祛风，女人漏
下赤白，皆风入胞门所致。辛香入脾，故又能散温，血闭阴肿及寒热头风，侵目泪出，总取
辛散利窍之功。其长肌肤，润泽颜色者，则有排脓长肉之力，所以外科用之。痘疹起胀，连
皮肿者，于解毒药内用之，预杜将来发痒之患。今人用治肠痈，有败脓淋露不已，腥秽殊甚
，遂致脐腹冷痛，须此排脓，脓尽乃以他药补之。烧烟辟虫蛇。为末，新汲水调，频灌解蛇
毒内攻。和胆矾、麝香掺蛇伤溃烂。但性温而升，味苦而散。故呕吐因于热者、漏下赤白因
于火者勿用。痈疽溃后亦宜渐减，以其能耗胃气也。
【白芷】
味辛、苦，性温，无毒。香气浓郁且质地干燥的药材品质优良，气味腥臭且质地湿润的则不可使用。
《神农本草经》记载：主治妇人疝瘕（腹内结块），阴部寒冷肿痛，腹部拘急疼痛，祛除风邪引起的头痛，促进肌肤生长，使面色悦泽。
【发明】
白芷本性升散，属阳，是治疗足太阳膀胱经受寒邪郁滞所致头项及头顶疼痛，以及大寒侵犯脑部牵连牙齿、面颊疼痛的专用药物。
女性阴部肿胀、疝气疼痛，属于督脉病变（表现为脊柱强直、厥逆），也常多用此药。若雾露之邪侵袭上焦，需配合木香使用。若风邪客于胃腑导致泄泻，在调理脾胃的药物中适宜加入白芷。如今人们只知道白芷是治疗头顶头脑疼痛的药物，而《神农本草经》中记载其治疗妇人疝瘕、腹部拘急、阴部寒冷等证候，这些皆属于足太阳经寒湿为病，也是外邪内犯的征象，因此使用白芷祛风除湿，则内外疾病皆可痊愈，岂止是祛除风邪头痛而已呢？所谓“长肌肤，悦颜色”，是指将其外用制作成面部护肤脂膏之类。但是，如果头痛伴有内热，春夏季节的温病、热病引起的头痛、口渴，以及产后血虚、火炎上攻引起的头痛，都不可服用。
即都梁香
味辛、苦，性温，无毒。
《神农本草经》记载：主治妇女漏下赤白带下，血闭阴肿，寒热头痛，风邪侵目流泪，促进肌肤生长，润泽面色，可制作面部护肤脂膏。
【发明】
白芷辛香升发，行入手阳明大肠经。性温气浓，行入足阳明胃经。芳香之气上达，入手太阴肺经。是解利阳明经风热头痛，以及寒热头痛、风邪侵目流泪的重要药物。其所主治的病证不离这三条经脉：如寒热头痛、眉棱骨痛、头目齿痛，是三经的风热病症；漏下赤白带下、痈疽、头面皮肤风痹燥痒，是三经的湿热病症。对于风热者，用辛味以发散之；对于湿热者，用温性以除之。都梁丸治疗崩漏赤白带下，深得《神农本草经》的宗旨。白芷性质善于祛风，妇女漏下赤白带下，都是风邪侵入胞宫所致。辛香入脾，所以又能散寒温中。对于血闭阴肿及寒热头痛、风邪侵目流泪，主要取其辛散通利孔窍的功效。至于促进肌肤生长、润泽面色，则是依靠其排脓生肌的力量，因此外科常用它。痘疹起胀阶段，连皮肤一起肿胀时，在解毒药物中加入白芷，预先杜绝将来发痒的隐患。如今人们用它治疗肠痈，如果有败脓淋漓不尽，腥秽特别严重，导致脐腹冷痛，需要用它来排脓，脓排尽后再用其他药物补益。燃烧烟雾可以驱避虫蛇。研成粉末，用新汲凉水调匀，频繁灌服以解蛇毒内攻。与胆矾、麝香混合掺敷于蛇伤溃烂处。但白芷性温而升散，味苦而发散。因此，因热引起的呕吐、因火引起的漏下赤白带下者勿用。痈疽溃破后也应逐渐减量，因为它会耗损胃气。
[Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix)]
Acrid, bitter, warm, non-toxic. Those with a strong fragrance and dry texture are of good quality; those with a foul odor and moist texture should not be used.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Classic of Materia Medica) states: It primarily treats gynecological masses (abdominal lumps), cold and painful swelling in the yin region, abdominal urgency and pain, expels wind-induced headache, promotes skin growth, and enhances complexion.
[Invention]
Bai Zhi has an ascending nature and belongs to Yang. It is a specific herb for treating pain in the head, neck, and vertex caused by cold stagnation in the Foot-Taiyang Bladder meridian, as well as pain in the teeth and cheeks caused by severe cold invading the brain.
For women with yin swelling and hernia pain, which are diseases of the Du vessel (manifesting as spinal rigidity and厥/vertigo), this herb is also frequently used. When mist and dew pathogens invade the Upper Jiao, it must be combined with Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix). When wind lodges in the Stomach causing diarrhea, it is suitable to add Bai Zhi to spleen and stomach formulas. Nowadays, people only know Bai Zhi as a herb for treating vertex and head pain, but the conditions described in the *Shennong Bencao Jing* such as gynecological masses, abdominal urgency, and cold in the yin region all belong to cold-dampness pathologies of the Foot-Taiyang meridian, representing internal invasion by external pathogens. Therefore, using Bai Zhi to expel wind and remove dampness cures both internal and external diseases, not merely wind-induced headaches. The statements "promotes skin growth" and "enhances complexion" refer to its external use in facial creams. However, if headache is accompanied by internal heat, or in spring-summer warm diseases, febrile diseases with headache and thirst, or postpartum blood deficiency with fire flaming upward causing headache, it must not be taken.
Also known as Duliang Xiang
Acrid, bitter, warm, non-toxic.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* states: It primarily treats leukorrhea (red and white discharge) in women, blood obstruction with yin swelling, alternating chills and fever with head wind, wind invading the eyes causing tearing, promotes skin growth, moisturizes the complexion, and can be made into facial cream.
[Invention]
Bai Zhi is acrid and fragrant with an ascending and dispersing action, entering the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine meridian. Its warm nature and dense qi enter the Foot-Yangming Stomach meridian. Its aromatic aroma reaches upwards, entering the Hand-Taiyin Lung meridian. It is a key herb for resolving Yangming wind-heat headache, as well as alternating chills and fever with head wind and wind invading the eyes causing tearing. The diseases it treats do not depart from these three meridians: such as alternating chills and fever, headache, supraorbital pain, and pain in the head, eyes, and teeth, which are wind-heat of the three meridians; leukorrhea, carbuncles and sores, wind-bi and dry itching of the head and face skin, which are damp-heat of the three meridians. For wind-heat, acrid flavors disperse it; for damp-heat, warm properties remove it. Duliang Wan treats metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, deeply grasping the purport of the *Shennong Bencao Jing*. Bai Zhi's nature is good at expelling wind; leukorrhea in women is caused by wind entering the uterus. Acrid and fragrant herbs enter the Spleen, thus it can also scatter cold and warm the middle. For blood obstruction, yin swelling, and alternating chills and fever with head wind and tearing, it mainly utilizes the merit of acrid dispersion and opening orifices. Regarding promoting skin growth and moisturizing the complexion, it relies on its power to drain pus and generate flesh, hence it is commonly used in surgery. During the distension stage of smallpox/rash where the skin swells, it is added to detoxifying formulas to prevent future itching. Nowadays, it is used to treat intestinal abscess; if foul pus flows incessantly with severe odor causing cold pain in the umbilical and abdominal regions, it is needed to drain the pus, after which other tonifying medicines are used. Burning smoke repels insects and snakes. Ground into powder and mixed with fresh water, it is frequently administered to resolve internal attack of snake venom. Mixed with Alum (Vitriolum) and Musk, it is applied to snake bite ulcers. However, its nature is warm and ascending, and its flavor is bitter and dispersing. Therefore, vomiting due to heat and leukorrhea due to fire should not use it. After carbuncles and sores ulcerate, the dosage should be gradually reduced because it consumes Stomach Qi.