咸腥无毒。
发明 江豚形如水牛,藏器虽有飞尸虫毒瘴疟之治,从未见有用之者。以之熬油点灯照
樗则明,读书纺织即暗,俗言懒妇所化也。
甘平无毒。
发明 比目形如箬叶,故俗以是称之。《尔雅》所谓东方有比目者是也。鱼各一目相
并而游,今吴中昆山最多。孟诜虽有补中益气之说,而多食动气亦是助湿生热之故,此必溺
于伉俪者之所化也。
一名沙鱼
甘咸平无毒。
发明 鲛鱼生南海,背皮粗错,可饰刀靶。其肉作脍,补五脏。皮治尸疰虫毒。烧灰
解 鱼毒。
即乌 骨,俗名海鳔蛸
咸微温无毒。
发明 乌 骨,厥阴血分之药,兼入少阴,其味咸而走血,故治血枯血瘕,经闭崩带,
阴蚀肿痛,丈夫阴肿,下痢疳疾,厥阴本药也。寒热疟疾,聋瘿,少腹痛,阴痛,厥阴经病
也。目翳流泪,厥阴窍病也。厥阴为藏血室,少阴为隐曲之地,故诸血病、阴病皆治之。按
∶《素问》云,有病胸胁支满妨于食,病至则先闻腥臊臭,出清液,吐血,四肢软,目眩,
时时前后血病,名曰血枯。得之年少时有所大脱血,或醉入房中气竭肝伤,月事衰少不来,
治之以四乌 骨、一 茹为末。丸以雀卵,大如小豆,每服五丸,饮以鲍鱼汁,所以利肠中
及伤肝也,观此入厥阴血分可知。
咸味,腥气,无毒。
发明:江豚的形状像水牛,藏器(唐代医药学家陈藏器)虽然记载它能治疗飞尸虫毒和瘴疟,但从未见有人使用它。用它熬油点灯照在樗树(臭椿)上则明亮,读书纺织时则变暗,俗话说是懒惰的妇女所化生的。
甘味,平性,无毒。
发明:比目鱼的形状像箬叶,所以俗以此称呼它。《尔雅》所说的东方有比目鱼就是这种。两条鱼各长一只眼睛并排而游,现在吴地昆山最多。孟诜虽然有补中益气的说法,但多吃会动气,这也是因为它助湿生热的缘故,这一定是沉溺于夫妻房事的人所化生的。
又名沙鱼
甘、咸味,平性,无毒。
发明:鲛鱼生长在南海,背皮粗糙错杂,可以用来装饰刀靶。它的肉做成生鱼片,能补五脏。皮能治疗尸疰虫毒。烧成灰能解鱼毒。
即乌贼骨,俗名海鳔蛸
咸味,微温,无毒。
发明:乌贼骨,是入厥阴血分的药物,兼入少阴经,它的味道咸而走血,所以治疗血枯、血瘕、经闭、崩漏带下,阴部蚀烂肿痛,男子阴肿,痢疾及疳疾,这是厥阴经的本药。寒热疟疾、耳聋、瘿瘤,少腹疼痛,阴部疼痛,属于厥阴经的病证。眼生翳膜流泪,属于厥阴窍的病证。厥阴是藏血的部位,少阴是隐秘曲折之地,所以各种血病、阴部的病都能治疗。按:《素问》说,有病胸胁支撑胀满妨碍饮食,病发时先闻到腥臊臭味,流出清稀液体,吐血,四肢软弱无力,目眩,时常大小便出血,这种病名叫血枯。得病是因为年轻时曾有大失血,或者醉酒后行房事导致气竭肝伤,月经衰少不来,用四份乌贼骨、一份茹草(海螵蛸配茹草,此处指海螵蛸与茹草的配比,原文“一 茹”通常指海螵蛸散中的茹草或泛指,结合上下文及《素问》原文“四乌喙骨一藘茹”,此处应理解为乌贼骨与茹草的配伍)研为末。用雀卵做丸,大小如小豆,每次服五丸,用鲍鱼汁送服,这是为了通利肠道及修复肝脏损伤,由此可以看出它入厥阴血分的作用。
Salty, fishy odor, non-toxic.
Invention: The finless porpoise resembles a water buffalo. Although Zangqi (Chen Zangqi, a Tang Dynasty pharmacologist) recorded its use in treating feishi (flying corpse disease), insect toxins, and miasmic malaria, it has never been used by anyone. Oil rendered from it makes lamps bright when shining on *Broussonetia papyrifera* (paper mulberry), but dim during reading or spinning/weaving; folklore claims it is transformed from lazy women.
Sweet, neutral nature, non-toxic.
Invention: The flounder resembles a bamboo leaf, hence the common name. It refers to the "flounder" mentioned in *Erya* as existing in the East. Two fish swim side-by-side, each with one eye; they are most abundant in Kunshan, Wu region. Meng Shen claimed it tonifies the middle and benefits qi, but excessive consumption moves qi, which is due to its tendency to aid dampness and generate heat. Folklore suggests it is transformed from those indulging in marital intercourse.
Also known as Shark
Sweet, salty, neutral nature, non-toxic.
Invention: The shark lives in the South Sea. Its dorsal skin is rough and textured, suitable for decorating knife handles. Its meat, prepared as sashimi, tonifies the five zang organs. The skin treats shizhu (wandering infection) and insect toxins. Burned to ash, it resolves fish toxicity.
It is the cuttlebone, commonly known as Haipiaoxiao (Cuttlefish Bone).
Salty, slightly warm, non-toxic.
Invention: Cuttlebone is a herb entering the Jueyin blood level, and also enters the Shaoyin channel. Its salty flavor directs it toward the blood, thus treating blood deficiency (Xue Ku), blood masses (Xue Jia), amenorrhea, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, genital erosion with swelling and pain, male genital swelling, dysentery, and gan diseases. It is the principal herb for the Jueyin channel. Chills and fever malaria, deafness, goiter, lower abdominal pain, and genital pain are disorders of the Jueyin channel. Eye nebula and tearing are disorders of the Jueyin orifices. Jueyin stores blood, and Shaoyin is the place of hidden and complex functions; therefore, it treats various blood disorders and yin-region disorders. Note: *Suwen* states, "There is a disease where the chest and hypochondrium feel distended and full, obstructing food intake. Upon onset, the patient first smells a fishy and foul odor, secretes clear fluid, vomits blood, feels weakness in the four limbs, experiences dizziness, and frequently bleeds from both upper and lower orifices. This disease is named Blood Deficiency (Xue Ku). It arises because in youth the person suffered massive blood loss, or engaged in sexual activity while drunk, exhausting qi and injuring the liver, leading to scanty menstruation that ceases. Treatment involves powdering four parts Cuttlebone (Wu Gu) and one part Ru grass (Lu Zhu), forming pills with quail eggs, sized like small beans. Each dose takes five pills, washed down with Mullet Fish Juice (Bao Yu Zhi), to benefit the intestines and repair liver injury." From this, we can understand its entry into the Jueyin blood level.