即米仁
甘微寒，无毒。入理脾肺药，姜汁拌炒。入利水湿药生用。
《本经》主筋急拘挛，不可屈伸，久风湿痹下气，久服轻身益气。根下三虫。
发明 薏苡甘寒，升少降多，能清脾湿，祛肺热及虚劳咳嗽。肺痿肺痈，虚火上乘，皆
宜用。为下引又能利筋去湿，故《本经》治久风湿痹，拘急不可屈伸之病。盖治筋必取阳明
，治湿必扶土气，其功专于利水，湿去则脾胃健，而筋骨利、痹愈，则拘挛退，而脚膝安矣
。然痹湿须分寒热，盖寒则筋急，热则筋缓，大筋受热，弛纵则小，筋缩短而挛急不伸，故
宜用此。若因寒筋急而痛者，不可用也。其治虚人小便不利，独用数两，水煎数沸服之即通
。若津枯便秘，阴寒转筋及妊娠禁用，以其性专下泄也。取根捣汁，治蛔攻心痛。生根下三
虫。又肺痈，以根汁冲无灰酒服，初起可消，已溃可敛，屡效。
子名御米
涩温微毒。蜜炙止嗽，醋炙止痢。
发明 粟壳性涩，却痰嗽，止下痢，肺虚大肠滑者宜之。若风寒咳嗽，泻痢初起，有火
邪者，误用杀人如剑，戒之。御米治反胃，胸中痰滞。
一名阿片，俗名鸦片
酸涩温，微毒。天方国以罂粟蕊，竹针刺破青苞，次
早液出，竹刀刮取阴干者是也。土鸦片亦能涩精止泻，但力薄少效。
发明 京师售一粒金丹，通治虚寒百病，用阿芙蓉一分，粳米饭捣作三丸，每服一丸，
不可多服。忌酸醋，犯之肠断，又忌葱、蒜、浆水。古方治泻痢脱肛，久痢虚滑，用一二分
，米饭送下，其功胜于粟壳。又痘疮行浆时泻泄不止，用四五厘至一分，未有不止者。今世
服饵少用，惟房中术外用之，诚为涩精助火之首列也。
即米仁。
味甘，性微寒，无毒。入理脾肺药时，用姜汁拌炒；入利水湿药时生用。
《神农本草经》记载其主治筋脉拘急挛缩，不能屈伸，久风湿痹，下气，久服可轻身益气。其根能下三虫（肠道寄生虫）。
发明：薏苡仁味甘性寒，升散之力少而沉降之力多，能清脾湿，祛肺热及虚劳咳嗽。肺痿、肺痈，虚火上乘之证，皆适宜使用。因其具有下行引导作用，又能利筋去湿，所以《神农本草经》用于治疗久风湿痹、拘急不可屈伸的病证。大概治疗筋病必取法于阳明经，治疗湿邪必扶助土气（脾胃），薏苡仁的功效专在于利水，湿气去除则脾胃健运，筋骨得利，痹症痊愈，拘挛消退，脚膝安宁。然而痹湿须分寒热，寒则筋脉拘急，热则筋脉弛缓，大筋受热，松弛纵缓则变小，小筋缩短而拘急不伸，故适宜使用薏苡仁。若因寒邪导致筋脉拘急疼痛者，不可使用。薏苡仁治疗虚人小便不利，单用数两，水煎数沸后服用，小便即通。若津液枯竭便秘、阴寒转筋及妊娠期间禁用，因为其性质专于下行泄利。取其根捣汁，治疗蛔虫攻心所致的心痛。生根能下三虫。另外治疗肺痈，以根汁冲无灰酒服用，初起可消散，已溃破可收敛，屡见疗效。
发明：粟壳性涩，能祛除痰嗽，止住下痢，肺虚大肠滑脱者适宜使用。若风寒咳嗽、泻痢初起、有火邪者，误用如同利剑杀人，务必戒慎。御米治疗反胃，胸中痰滞。
一名阿片，俗名鸦片。
味酸涩，性温，微毒。天方国以罂粟蕊为原料，用竹针刺破青苞，次日清晨液体流出，用竹刀刮取阴干而成。土鸦片也能涩精止泻，但效力薄弱，效果较少。
发明：京师售卖的一粒金丹，通治虚寒百病，使用阿芙蓉一分，与粳米饭捣制成三丸，每服一丸，不可多服。忌食酸醋，犯之会导致肠断，又忌食葱、蒜、浆水。古方治疗泻痢脱肛、久痢虚滑，使用一二分，米饭送下，其功效胜于粟壳。另外痘疮行浆时泻泄不止，使用四五厘至一分，没有不止住的。现今服用较少，仅在房中术外用，确实是涩精助火的首列药物。
Also known as Rice Kernel (Yiyiren).
Sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic. When used in formulas for regulating Spleen and Lung, stir-fry with ginger juice; when used in formulas for promoting diuresis and resolving dampness, use raw.
*Shennong Bencao Jing* records its indications: spasm and contracture of tendons, inability to flex or extend, chronic wind-damp bi syndrome, descending Qi, and long-term consumption leads to a light body and increased Qi. Its root expels three types of intestinal parasites.
Commentary: Yiyiren is sweet and cold, with less ascending and more descending action. It can clear Spleen dampness, dispel Lung heat, and treat deficiency-heat coughs due to consumptive diseases. It is suitable for Lung萎 (Lung atrophy) and Lung abscess (Fei Yong) where deficient fire flares upward. Due to its downward guiding nature, it also benefits tendons and removes dampness; hence, *Shennong Bencao Jing* uses it for chronic wind-damp bi syndrome characterized by spasms and inability to flex or extend. Generally, treating tendon disorders requires addressing the Yangming channel, and treating dampness requires supporting Earth Qi (Spleen/Stomach). Its efficacy lies specifically in promoting diuresis; once dampness is removed, the Spleen and Stomach become robust, tendons and bones are benefited, bi syndrome resolves, spasms recede, and the feet and knees are stabilized. However, wind-damp bi must be differentiated into cold and heat patterns: cold causes tendon tightness, while heat causes tendon laxity. When large tendons are affected by heat, they relax and shrink; when small tendons shorten, they become spasmodic and unable to extend, making Yiyiren suitable. If tendon tightness and pain are caused by cold, it should not be used. For deficient individuals with difficulty urinating, using several liang alone, decocted in water for a few boils, promotes immediate urination. It is contraindicated in cases of fluid depletion with constipation, Yin-cold charpiness (Zhuanjin), and during pregnancy, because its nature is specifically downward and draining. Crushing its root to extract juice treats heart pain caused by roundworms attacking the heart. The fresh root expels three types of intestinal parasites. Additionally, for Lung abscess, drinking the root juice mixed with unfermented wine can dissipate the condition in its early stage and promote healing if already ulcerated, with frequent efficacy.
The seed is named Yu Mi (Imperial Rice).
Astringent, warm, slightly toxic. Honey-frying stops coughing; vinegar-frying stops dysentery.
Commentary: Poppy shell has an astringent nature, expels phlegm and cough, and stops diarrhea/dysentery; it is suitable for Lung deficiency with Spleen/Large Intestine slippage. If used mistakenly for wind-cold cough, initial stages of diarrhea/dysentery, or conditions with pathogenic fire, it kills like a sword; caution is advised. Yu Mi treats regurgitation (Fan Wei) and phlegm stagnation in the chest.
Also known as Opium (A Pian), commonly called YP (Opium).
Sour and astringent, warm, slightly toxic. In Tianfang Guo, the stamen of the poppy is pierced with a bamboo needle; the next morning, liquid exudes, which is scraped off with a bamboo knife and dried in the shade. Local opium also astringes essence and stops diarrhea but has weak potency and fewer effects.
Commentary: A pill gold medicine sold in the capital claims to treat all deficiency-cold diseases using one fen of Afuyun (Opium), pounded with glutinous rice flour into three pills. Take one pill per dose; do not take excessively. Avoid sour vinegar, as it causes intestinal rupture; also avoid green onion, garlic, and fermented grain water. Ancient formulas for diarrhea/dysentery with rectal prolapse or chronic loose stools use one to two fen, taken with rice water, with efficacy superior to poppy shell. Furthermore, during the pus-forming stage of smallpox with incessant diarrhea, using four to five li to one fen invariably stops it. Currently, internal use is rare; it is mainly used externally in sexual arts, truly being the primary herb for astringing essence and assisting fire.