一名黑锡
甘寒，无毒。凡用取未经银冶，新铅熔净去渣，再熔成液，同硫磺 ，如焰起，以醋洒
之，候成黑灰，研之不粘滞为度。如 不透，服之令人头痛，以阴降太速，阳火无依故也。
发明 铅禀北方癸水之性，阴极之精，内通于肾，故《局方》黑锡丹、《宣明》补
真丹
皆用之。得汞交感，即能治一切阴阳混淆，上盛下虚，气升不降，噎膈、反胃、呕吐、眩晕
诸疾。又捶成薄片置烧酒中半月许，结成白霜，取其酒徐徐饮之，降阴火最捷，但性带阴毒
，恐伤心肾，不可多服。铅性入肉，故女子以之 耳孔即自穿。
一名胡粉
辛寒，无毒。
《本经》治伏尸毒螫，杀三虫。
发明 铅粉与黄丹同类，内有豆粉、蛤粉，而无硝盐，但入气分，功专止痛生肌，
亦可
入膏药代黄丹用。《本经》治伏尸毒螫，杀三虫者，取铅性之重，以镇摄其邪。《金匮》甘
草粉蜜汤治蛔病吐涎心痛，专取胡粉杀虫、甘草安胃、蜜以诱入虫口也。陶弘景云，疗尸虫
弥良。
一名黄丹
辛微寒，无毒。
《本经》治吐逆胃反，惊痫癫疾，除热下气。
发明 铅丹体重性沉，味兼盐矾，而走血分，能坠痰止疟。《本经》言，止吐逆胃反，
治惊痫癫疾，除热下气，取其性重以镇逆满也。仲景柴胡龙骨牡蛎汤用之，取其入胆以祛痰
积也；但内无积滞，误服不能无伤胃夺食之患。敷疮长肉、坠痰杀虫，皆铅之本性耳。目暴
赤痛，铅丹蜜调贴太阳穴立效。
【黑锡】
又名黑锡。
味甘、性寒，无毒。凡使用黑锡，需取未经过银冶炼的新铅，熔化后去除杂质，再次熔化成液体，加入硫磺，待火焰升起时，用醋喷洒，等待其变成黑色灰烬，研磨至不粘滞的程度即可。如果反应不透彻，服用后会使人头痛，这是因为阴气下降太快，阳气之火失去依托的缘故。
【发明】
黑锡禀受北方癸水的性质，是阴极的精华，内通于肾脏，所以《太平惠民和剂局方》中的黑锡丹、《宣明论方》中的补真丹都使用它。黑锡与水银（汞）交感作用，就能治疗一切阴阳混淆、上盛下虚、气机上升不降、噎膈、反胃、呕吐、眩晕等各种疾病。另外，将其捶打成薄片放入烧酒中浸泡约半个月，结成白霜，取这种酒慢慢饮用，降低阴火最为快捷，但药性带有阴毒，恐怕损伤心肾，不可多服。铅的性质能渗入肌肉，所以女子用它塞入耳孔，耳孔就会自然穿孔。
【胡粉】
又名胡粉。
味辛、性寒，无毒。
《神农本草经》记载其治疗潜伏在体内的尸注毒虫叮咬，杀灭三种寄生虫。
【发明】
铅粉与黄丹属于同类，其中含有豆粉、蛤粉，但不含硝盐，主要作用于气分，功效专门在于止痛和生肌，也可以入膏药代替黄丹使用。《神农本草经》说它能治疗伏尸毒螫、杀灭三虫，是取其铅质沉重的特性，用来镇摄邪气。《金匮要略》中的甘草粉蜜汤治疗蛔虫病引起的吐涎沫、心痛，专门利用胡粉杀虫、甘草安胃、蜂蜜引诱虫子进入口中。陶弘景说，治疗尸虫效果很好。
【黄丹】
又名黄丹。
味辛、微寒，无毒。
《神农本草经》记载其治疗呕吐逆气、胃反、惊痫癫疾，清除热邪、降逆气。
【发明】
铅丹体重性沉，味道兼有盐和矾的特性，走血分，能坠痰止疟。《神农本草经》说它能止住呕吐逆气和胃反，治疗惊痫癫疾，清除热邪、降逆气，是取其性质沉重以镇压逆满之气。张仲景的柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤中使用它，是取其入胆经以祛除痰积；但如果体内没有积滞，误服会造成损伤胃气、导致食欲不振的祸患。敷疮长肉、坠痰杀虫，都是铅的本性罢了。眼睛突然红肿疼痛，用铅丹调和蜂蜜贴在太阳穴，立即见效。
[Black Tin]
Also known as Heixi (Black Tin).
Sweet, cold in nature, non-toxic. When using Heixi, one must take new lead that has not undergone silver smelting, melt it clean to remove dross, melt it again into liquid, mix with Sulfur (Liu Huang), and when flames arise, sprinkle with vinegar. Wait until it becomes black ash, grind it until it is no longer sticky. If the reaction is not thorough, taking it will cause headache, because Yin descends too rapidly, leaving Yang fire without support.
[Invention/Analysis]
Heixi inherits the nature of Gui Water of the North, being the essence of extreme Yin, internally connecting to the Kidney. Therefore, Heixi Pill (Heixi Dan) from *Ju Fang* (Formulas of the Bureau of People's Welfare Pharmacy) and Zhenzhen Pill (Zhenzhen Dan) from *Xuanming* are both used with it. When interacting with Mercury (Gong), it can treat all disorders of Yin-Yang confusion, excess above and deficiency below, Qi ascending without descending, dysphagia, regurgitation, vomiting, vertigo, and other diseases. Furthermore, if hammered into thin sheets and placed in distilled spirits for about half a month, white frost forms. Taking this wine slowly is the quickest way to descend Yin Fire, but its nature carries Yin toxicity, which may damage the Heart and Kidney; thus, it should not be taken in large amounts. Lead penetrates flesh; therefore, if a woman uses it to plug the ear canal, the ear canal will naturally perforate.
[Hufen / Lead Carbonate]
Also known as Hufen.
Pungent, cold in nature, non-toxic.
*Shennong Bencao Jing* states it treats latent corpse-poison and insect stings, and kills three types of parasites.
[Invention/Analysis]
Lead Carbonate (Hufen) is of the same category as Yellow Lead Oxide (Huandan), containing bean powder and clam shell powder, but lacking saltpeter. It primarily enters the Qi level, with functions specialized in relieving pain and generating flesh. It can also be used in plasters to replace Yellow Lead Oxide. The statement in *Shennong Bencao Jing* regarding treating latent corpse-poison and killing parasites relies on the heavy nature of lead to suppress pathogenic factors. In *Jingui Yaolue*, Gancao Fenmi Tang (Licorice, Lead Carbonate, and Honey Decoction) treats ascariasis with salivation and heart pain, specifically utilizing Lead Carbonate to kill parasites, Licorice to calm the Stomach, and honey to lure the parasites into the mouth. Tao Hongjing stated that it is excellent for treating corpse-worms.
[Yellow Lead Oxide]
Also known as Huandan.
Pungent, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic.
*Shennong Bencao Jing* states it treats vomiting and reverse flow, convulsive epilepsy, removes heat, and directs Qi downward.
[Invention/Analysis]
Yellow Lead Oxide (Huandan) is heavy and sinking in nature, with a taste combining salt and alum, entering the Blood level, capable of sinking phlegm and stopping malaria. *Shennong Bencao Jing* mentions stopping vomiting and reverse flow, treating convulsive epilepsy, removing heat, and directing Qi downward, relying on its heavy nature to suppress rebellion and fullness. Zhang Zhongjing uses it in Chaihu Longgu Muli Tang (Bupleurum, Dragon Bone, and Oyster Shell Decoction) to enter the Gallbladder channel and dispel phlegm accumulation; however, if there is no internal accumulation, mistaken use will inevitably harm the Stomach and cause loss of appetite. Promoting flesh growth in sores, sinking phlegm, and killing parasites are all inherent properties of lead. For sudden redness and pain of the eyes, applying Yellow Lead Oxide mixed with honey to the Taiyang acupoint yields immediate results.