辛咸平微毒。
发明 鲎善候风，外壳内肉，与蟹无异。其血苍色，其肉松脆，亦如蟹脐。能散肝肾结
血。故产后痢不止，及肠风泻血，崩中带下，用尾烧灰，米饮服即止。《圣惠方》治积年咳
嗽呀呷作声，用鲎鱼壳半两、贝母、桔梗、入牙皂末少许，蜜丸，噙一丸咽汁，服三丸即吐
出恶涎而瘥。
咸平微寒无毒。 赤用，左顾者良。
《本经》主伤寒寒热，温疟洒洒，惊恚怒气，除拘缓鼠 ，女子带下赤白。
发明 牡蛎入足少阴，为软坚之剂。以柴胡引之去胁下痛。以茶引之消项上结核。以大
黄引之消股间肿。以地黄引之益精收涩，止小便。肾经血分药也。《本经》治伤寒寒热，温
疟洒洒，是指伤寒发汗后寒热不止而言，非正发汗药也。仲景少阳病犯本，有柴胡龙骨牡蛎
汤。《金匮》百合病变渴有栝蒌牡蛎散，用牡蛎以散内结之热，即温疟之热从内蕴。惊恚之
怒气上逆，亦宜咸寒降泄为务。其拘缓鼠 ，带下赤白，总由痰积内滞，端不出软坚散结之
治耳。今人以牡蛎涩精而治房劳精滑则虑其咸降，治亢阳精伤又恐其敛涩。惟伤寒亡阳汗脱
，温粉之法最妙。其肉糟制，即蛎黄酱也。
肉甘寒，壳咸寒，无毒。
发明 蚌与蛤皆水产，而蛤则生咸水，色白，入肺，故有软坚积化顽痰之功。蚌生淡水
，色苍，入肝，故有清热行湿治雀目夜盲之力。盖雀目则肝肾之病也。初生小儿哑惊，活蚌
水磨墨滴入口中，少顷下黑粪而愈。生蚌炙水治汤火伤甚效。古方用治诸水，清神定魄，以
大蚌向月取水是也。
【鲎】
味辛、咸，性平，微有毒。
【发明】
鲎善于感知风向，其外壳与内部肉质，与螃蟹没有区别。它的血液呈苍青色，肉质松脆，也像蟹脐一样。能够消散肝肾部位的瘀结之血。因此，对于产后痢疾不止，以及肠风泻血、崩漏带下等症状，将鲎尾烧成灰，用米汤送服即可停止出血。《圣惠方》治疗多年咳嗽且伴有喘息声的症状，使用半两鲎鱼壳、贝母、桔梗，加入少许牙皂末，制成蜜丸，含服一丸让药汁慢慢咽下，服用三丸后即可吐出恶涎而痊愈。
【牡蛎】
味咸，性平，微寒，无毒。宜用赤色者，以向左生长（左顾）的为佳。
《本经》主治伤寒引起的寒热往来，温疟发作时瑟瑟发抖，惊恐愤怒之气，消除拘挛缓急及鼠瘰（颈部淋巴结结核），治疗女子赤白带下。
【发明】
牡蛎入足少阴肾经，是软坚散结的药物。用柴胡引导可去除胁下疼痛；用茶引导可消除颈部的结节肿块；用大黄引导可消除大腿间的肿胀；用地黄引导可益精固涩，止住小便。它是作用于肾经血分的药物。《本经》所说的治疗伤寒寒热、温疟瑟瑟发抖，是指伤寒发汗后寒热仍不止的情况，并非指它本身是主要的发汗药。张仲景在治疗少阳病传入本经时，使用了柴胡龙骨牡蛎汤。《金匮要略》中百合病转为口渴时，使用栝蒌牡蛎散，利用牡蛎来消散内部郁结的热邪，这正是温疟之热从内蕴积的表现。惊恐愤怒导致的气机上逆，也应当以咸寒降泄为主要治法。至于拘挛缓急、鼠瘰、赤白带下，总归是由于痰湿积聚在体内阻滞所致，关键在于采用软坚散结的治疗方法。现在的人认为牡蛎能涩精，所以在治疗房劳导致的遗精滑泄时，担心其咸味下行；在治疗阳气亢盛、精液受损时，又恐怕其收敛涩滞的作用。只有在伤寒导致亡阳、大汗脱证的情况下，使用温粉外敷的方法最为巧妙。牡蛎的肉经过糟制后，就是蛎黄酱。
【蚌】
肉味甘、寒，壳味咸、寒，无毒。
【发明】
蚌与蛤都是水生动物，但蛤生长在咸水中，颜色白，入肺经，所以有软化坚硬积块、化解顽固痰浊的功效。蚌生长在淡水中，颜色苍青，入肝经，所以有清热利湿、治疗雀目（夜盲症）的能力。因为雀目是肝肾的疾病。初生婴儿出现哑惊症状，可用活蚌磨水如墨状滴入口中，不久排出黑色粪便即可痊愈。生蚌煮水外洗治疗烫伤和火烧伤非常有效。古方用于治疗各种水肿，并能清神定魄，方法是用大蚌对着月亮收取露水。
[Haemula / Horse Clam]
Pungent, salty, neutral in nature, slightly toxic.
[Invention/Commentary]
The horse clam is sensitive to wind direction; its shell and internal flesh are indistinguishable from those of a crab. Its blood is dark greenish-blue, and its flesh is loose and crisp, resembling crab roe. It can dissipate stagnant blood and nodules in the Liver and Kidney meridians. Therefore, for postpartum dysentery that does not cease, as well as intestinal wind with bloody stool, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea, burning the tail of the horse clam into ash and administering it with rice water will stop the bleeding. The *Shenghui Fang* (Prescriptions of Holy Grace) treats chronic cough accompanied by wheezing sounds by using half a liang of horse clam shell, Fritillariae Bulbus (Beimu), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), and a small amount of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus (Yazao) powder, formed into honey pills. One pill is held in the mouth to allow the juice to be swallowed slowly; after taking three pills, foul phlegm is expectorated, and the patient recovers.
[Oyster Shell]
Salty, neutral, slightly cold, non-toxic. Red-colored shells are preferred, and those growing with the left side facing forward are considered superior.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* states it treats chills and fever due to Cold Damage (Shanghan), the shivering associated with Warm Malaria (Wen Nue), fright and anger, rigidity and spasms, scrofula (Shu Lu), and red or white vaginal discharge in women.
[Invention/Commentary]
Oyster shell enters the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian and acts as an agent for softening hardness and dissipating nodules. Guided by Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu), it removes pain under the ribs. Guided by tea, it eliminates nodular swellings on the neck. Guided by Rheii Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang), it reduces swelling between the thighs. Guided by Rehmanniae Radix (Dihuang), it benefits essence, astringes, and stops urinary frequency. It is a medicine acting on the blood aspect of the Kidney meridian. The reference in the *Bencao Jing* to treating chills and fever of Cold Damage and the shivering of Warm Malaria refers specifically to cases where chills and fever persist after sweating therapy in Cold Damage, rather than implying it is a primary diaphoretic herb. Zhang Zhongjing used Chaihu Longgu Muli Tang (Bupleurum, Dragon Bone, and Oyster Shell Decoction) when Shaoyang disease invades the root. In the *Jingui Yaolue*, when Lili Baihe Bing (Lily Disease) transforms into thirst, Gualou Muli San (Trichosanthes and Oyster Shell Powder) is used; oyster shell is employed to dissipate internally accumulated heat, which corresponds to the heat retained internally in Warm Malaria. For qi rebellion caused by fright and anger, the treatment should prioritize salty-cold descending and purging actions. As for rigidity, scrofula, and red-white leukorrhea, these are generally due to internal stagnation of phlegm accumulation, requiring treatment focused on softening hardness and dissipating nodules. Modern practitioners believe oyster shell astringes essence; thus, when treating seminal emission due to sexual exhaustion, they fear its salty-descending property; when treating hyperactive yang and damaged essence, they fear its astringent properties. Only in cases of Yang collapse and sweat depletion due to Cold Damage is the method of applying warm powders externally considered most effective. The meat of the oyster, processed with wine lees, becomes oyster paste (Lihuang Jiang).
[Clam / Soft-shell Clam]
Flesh: Sweet, cold; Shell: Salty, cold; Non-toxic.
[Invention/Commentary]
Both clams and cockles are aquatic products, but cockles live in saltwater, are white in color, enter the Lung meridian, and thus have the efficacy of softening hard accumulations and resolving stubborn phlegm. Clams live in freshwater, are dark greenish-blue in color, enter the Liver meridian, and thus possess the power to clear heat, promote dampness resolution, and treat nyctalopia (night blindness). Nyctalopia is a disease of the Liver and Kidneys. For newborn infants suffering from mute convulsions, water ground from a live clam like ink can be dripped into the mouth; after a short while, black feces are passed, and the infant recovers. Boiling fresh clam meat in water is very effective for treating burns and scalds. Ancient formulas use large clams to collect dew by exposing them to the moonlight to treat various forms of edema, calm the spirit, and stabilize the soul.