甘平无毒。
发明 龙禀东方木气，而角又督脉所发，故治惊痫螈 ，神魂不宁。龙火上逆，身热如
火及邪魅不祥，深师五邪丸用之。而《千金》治心病有齿角同用者。
《本经》名鼍鱼
酸微温小毒。
《本经》治心腹症瘕伏坚、积聚寒热，女子小腹阴中相引痛，崩中下血五色及疮疥死肌
。
发明 《本经》鼍甲所主之证多属厥阴，其功在平肝木。治血杀虫与鳖相类，亦能治
阴疟。《千金》有 甲煎，今药肆多悬之。云能辟蠹，亦杀虫之意。
俗名穿山甲
咸微寒小毒。或酥炙，或黄土，或蛤粉炒发松研用，尾甲更胜。
发明 穿山甲入厥阴、阳明及阴阳二 。通经下乳，疟疾痈肿发痘为要药。盖其穴山
而居，寓水而食，出阴入阳，能窜经络达于病所，凡风湿冷痹之证，因水湿所致，浑身上下
强直不能屈伸，痛不可忍者，于五积散内加穿山甲七片、全蝎炒十个，葱姜水煎热服，取汗
避风甚良。痈疽溃后不宜服。
咸温小毒。《纲目》作咸寒，误。产平阳山谷荆襄等处，其类有四。一种生岩
石间，头扁身长，尾与身等，长七八寸，大者尺余，其状若蛇。而脚似梅花，鳞目五色者为
雄，色黄身短者为雌。此物最惜鳞甲，故见人不动，捕之亦不螫人，以其生岩石间。故《本
经》谓之石龙子，以其善于变易吞霾吐雹，有阴阳析易之义，故《字林》谓之蜥蜴，楚人名
为蝾螈，实一物也。入药雌雄并用，去头足酒浸酥炙用之。入传尸药醋炙用之。一种生草泽
间，头大尾短身粗，其色青黄，有伤则衔草自敷，故谓之蛇医母，能入水与石斑鱼合，故又
名水蜥蜴，不入药用。一种生人家屋壁，形小身细，长三四寸，色褐斑黑者谓之 蜓，吴俗
名为壁虎，以其居壁而善捕蝎蝇也。或云，饲之以朱，点宫娥臂，故名守宫。一种似守宫而
头圆身细，长五六寸，色白如银，通身细鳞，雌雄上下相应而鸣，情洽乃交者，蛤蚧也。荆
襄岭泽皆有，而西川产者最胜。捕得成对线缠，炙干卷榕树皮中者是也。以此明辨，方无误
用之失。
发明 石龙子为《本经》中品，而《纲目》主治中有《别录》，而无《本经》，岂《本
经》之文有所残缺欤，抑《本经》之文误注《别录》欤？其治五癃邪结气，利小便水道，破
石淋下血者，以蜥蜴能吐雹祈雨，故治癃淋利水道，是其本性。《千金》治症结水肿尸疰留
饮，有蜥蜴丸，《外台》治阴 方用之，皆取其长于利水道耳。按∶蜥蜴即是石龙。今房术
药中用之，以其兴发助阳而无止涩之患也。
味甘，性平，无毒。
【发明】龙角禀受东方木气，且为督脉所生发之处，因此用于治疗惊痫抽搐、神魂不宁。对于龙火上逆导致的身热如火，以及邪魅不祥之症，深师五邪丸中使用了它。而《千金方》治疗心病时，有将龙齿与龙骨同用的记载。
《本经》称其为鼍鱼（鳄鱼）。
味酸，微温，有小毒。
《本经》主治心腹部的癥瘕积聚、坚硬痞块及寒热往来，女子小腹及阴部牵引疼痛，崩漏下血五色及疮疥死肌等症。
【发明】《本经》中鼍甲所主治的证候多属于厥阴经，其功效在于平抑肝木。其治血杀虫的作用与鳖甲相似，也能治疗阴疟。《千金方》中有鼍甲煎，现在药店多有悬挂出售。据说能辟蠹虫，这也是取其杀虫之意。
俗名穿山甲。
味咸，微寒，有小毒。或酥炙，或用黄土炒，或用蛤粉炒至松脆后研末使用，尾部的鳞片药效更佳。
【发明】穿山甲入厥阴、阳明及阴阳二经。具有通经络、下乳汁的功效，是治疗疟疾、痈肿、发痘的要药。因为它穴居山中，寓食于水，出阴入阳，能窜通经络直达病所。凡是风湿冷痹之证，因水湿所致，浑身上下强直不能屈伸，痛不可忍者，在五积散中加入穿山甲七片、炒全蝎十个，用葱姜水煎煮热服，取汗并避风，效果很好。但痈疽溃破后不宜服用。
味咸，温，有小毒。《纲目》作咸寒，是错误的。产于平阳山谷、荆襄等地，其种类有四。一种生在岩石间，头扁身长，尾巴与身体等长，长约七八寸，大的有一尺多，形状像蛇。脚爪似梅花，鳞目五色的是雄性，色黄身短的是雌性。这种动物最爱惜鳞甲，所以见到人不动，捕捉时也不咬人，因为它生在岩石间。所以《本经》称之为石龙子，因为它善于变易，吞霾吐雹，有阴阳变化之义，所以《字林》称之为蜥蜴，楚地人称为蝾螈，实际上是同一种东西。入药时雌雄并用，去掉头足，用酒浸后酥炙使用。入治疗传尸劳热的药中则用醋炙。一种生在草泽间，头大尾短身粗，颜色青黄，受伤后会衔草自我敷贴，所以称为蛇医母，能入水与石斑鱼交合，所以又名水蜥蜴，不入药用。一种生在家屋墙壁上，形体小身细，长三四寸，颜色褐斑黑的是壁虎，吴地俗称为壁虎，因为它居住在墙壁上且善于捕食蝎蝇。有人说，喂它朱砂，点在宫娥手臂上，所以叫守宫。一种像守宫但头圆身细，长五六寸，颜色白如银，通身细鳞，雌雄上下相应鸣叫，情意融洽才交配的，是蛤蚧。荆襄岭泽都有，而西川出产的最好。捕得成对的用线缠绕，烤干卷在榕树皮中就是这种。以此明确辨别，才不会误用。
【发明】石龙子是《本经》中的中品药物，而《纲目》主治中引用了《别录》，却没有《本经》的内容，难道是《本经》的文字有所残缺呢？还是《本经》的文字错误标注为《别录》呢？它治疗五癃邪结气，利小便水道，破石淋下血，是因为蜥蜴能吐雹祈雨，所以治疗癃淋利水道，这是它的本性。《千金方》治疗症结水肿、尸疰留饮，有蜥蜴丸；《外台秘要》治疗阴疝方中也使用了它，都是取其长于利水道的特点。按：蜥蜴即是石龙。现在房中术药物中使用它，是因为它能兴发助阳而没有止涩的弊端。
Taste is sweet, nature is neutral, non-toxic.
[Invention] The Dragon Horn inherits the Wood Qi of the East, and as it emerges from the Du Meridian (Governing Vessel), it is therefore used to treat epilepsy with convulsions, and restless spirit and soul. For conditions where Dragon Fire rebels upward causing body heat like fire, and for malevolent influences, it is used in Shen Shi Wu Xie Wan (Deep Master's Five Evils Pill). Additionally, *Qian Jin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) records its use combined with Dragon Teeth (Longgu) for treating Heart diseases.
Named Tu Yu (Alligator/Crocodile) in *Shennong Ben Cao Jing*.
Taste is sour, nature is slightly warm, slightly toxic.
*Shennong Ben Cao Jing* indicates it treats epigastric and abdominal masses (Zheng Jia), fixed hard accumulations, alternating cold and fever, drawing pain in the lower abdomen and yin region of women, metrorrhagia with five-colored discharge, and sores/itching with dead flesh.
[Invention] The indications for Tortoise Shell (Tuojia) in *Shennong Ben Cao Jing* mostly belong to the Jueyin Liver channel; its efficacy lies in pacifying Liver Wood. Its ability to resolve blood stasis and kill parasites is similar to Bie Jia (Trionycis Carapax et Scutatum), and it can also treat Yin Malaria. There is a Tuojia Jian (Decoction) in *Qian Jin Fang*, which is often displayed in modern pharmacies. It is said to repel bookworms, reflecting its insect-killing property.
Commonly known as Pangolin Scales (Chuanshanjia).
Taste is salty, nature is slightly cold, slightly toxic. Prepared by frying with butter (Su), or stir-frying with yellow earth, or stir-frying with clam powder until loose and brittle, then grinding. The scales from the tail are considered superior.
[Invention] Chuanshanjia enters the Jueyin, Yangming, and both Yin and Yang meridians. It unblocks collaterals and promotes lactation, serving as a key herb for treating malaria, carbuncles, swellings, and eruptive diseases. Since it dwells in burrows in mountains and feeds near water, emerging from Yin into Yang, it can penetrate collaterals and reach the disease site. For cases of Wind-Damp-Cold Bi syndrome caused by water-dampness, resulting in stiffness and inability to flex or extend throughout the body, unbearable pain can be treated by adding seven slices of Chuanshanjia and ten fried Quanxie (Scorpio) to Wu Ji San (Five Accumulations Powder), decocted with green onion and ginger, taken hot to induce sweating while avoiding wind, which is very effective. However, it should not be taken after abscesses have ulcerated.
Taste is salty, nature is warm, slightly toxic. *Ben Cao Gang Mu* states it is salty and cold, which is an error. Produced in Pingyang valleys, Jingxiang, etc. There are four types. One type grows among rocks, with a flat head and long body, tail equal to body length, 7-8 cun long, up to over 1 chi for large ones, resembling a snake. Those with paw prints like plum blossoms and colorful scales/eyes are male; those with yellow color and short bodies are female. This creature values its scales highly, remaining motionless when seen by humans and not biting when caught, due to its rocky habitat. Thus, *Shennong Ben Cao Jing* calls it Shilongzi (Stone Dragon), because it excels in transformation, swallowing haze and vomiting hail, embodying the principle of Yin-Yang change. Hence, *Zi Lin* calls it Xi Yi, people in Chu call it Rongyuan; they are actually the same substance. For medicinal use, both male and female are used; heads and feet are removed, soaked in wine, and prepared with butter frying. For treating Transmitted Corpse (Chuan Shi) consumption, vinegar-fried preparation is used. Another type grows in marshes, with a large head, short tail, thick body, and yellow-green color. When injured, it applies grass to itself, hence called Sheyi Mu (Snake Doctor Mother); it can enter water and mate with Stone Spotted Fish, hence also named Water Lizard, but is not used medicinally. Another type grows on house walls, small and slender, 3-4 cun long, brown with black spots, called Tingting, commonly known as Bihu (Wall Gecko) in Wu customs, because it lives on walls and catches scorpions and flies. Some say feeding it Cinnabar (Zhu Sha) and applying it to palace maids' arms gives it the name Shou Gong (Guarding Palace). Another resembles Shou Gong but has a round head and slender body, 5-6 cun long, white as silver, covered in fine scales. Male and female respond to each other's calls from above and below, mating only when affectionate; this is Gejie (Tokay Gecko). Found in Jingxiang and marshes, with those from Western Sichuan being best. Caught in pairs, bound with thread, dried, and rolled in Banyan bark. Clear distinction prevents misuse.
[Invention] Shilongzi is a Middle Grade herb in *Shennong Ben Cao Jing*, yet *Ben Cao Gang Mu*'s main indications cite *Bie Lu* (Additional Records) but lack *Shennong Ben Cao Jing* text. Was there a loss of text in *Shennong Ben Cao Jing*, or was the text mistakenly attributed to *Bie Lu*? It treats Wulong (five types of strangury) and evil stagnant Qi, benefits urination, and breaks stone strangury with blood discharge. This is because the lizard can vomit hail to pray for rain, thus treating strangury and benefiting water passages, reflecting its natural nature. *Qian Jin Fang* uses Xi Yi Wan (Lizard Pill) for mass-related edema and尸注 (Corpse Transmission) fluid retention; *Wai Tai Mi Yao* uses it in formulas for Yin Hernia, all utilizing its strength in promoting urination. Note: Xi Yi is indeed Shilong. In current sexual health medicines, it is used because it stimulates Yang without the drawback of astringency.