（本经中品）
【气味】甘，微温，无毒。
【主治】主女子崩中，漏下，赤白沃，补虚，温中，止血。头主杀鬼，东门上者良。
鸡 子（隐居别录）
【气味】甘平，无毒。
【主治】主除热火灼烂疮，痫 ，开喉声，疗失音。
卵 中 白（隐居别录）
【气味】甘，微寒。
【主治】云心下伏热烦满，破大热烦。
卵 中 黄（隐居别录）
【气味】甘温，无毒。
【主治】主除烦热，解热毒。
卵壳（隐居别录）
【气味】咸平，无毒。
【主治】主伤寒劳复，发音声。
【核】曰∶鸡，羽属，五方所产，种类甚多，大小形色，各各殊异。盖日中有鸡，西方
物也；大明生东，故鸡入之。卵生思抱，伏而未孚者，谓之曰涅。又曰∶鸡伏无雄亦卵，以
卵告灶，伏亦出之，俗曰灶鸡。破卵而出，毛羽遂具。无外肾，亏小肠。好睨视，跑而食之，
每有所择，故曰鸡廉。食而不饮，有屎无溺也。呼曰朱，朱，相传鸡本朱氏翁，化为之者。
按汉祝鸡翁，居尸乡山下，养鸡百余载，皆有名字，呼名则种别而至，则朱乃祝之转也。其
栖也知阴晴，其鸣也知时刻。鸣必三度，又能自守，不为风雨止。诗云∶风雨凄凄，鸡鸣喈
喈，风雨萧萧，鸡鸣胶胶，风雨如晦，鸡鸣不已。喈喈鸣而不失其和，胶胶，不失其固也。
鸡老岁久至晓方鸣，持寒也。或乙丙夜，辄独鸣，则行旦有赦，谓之盗啼。无故群鸣，谓之
荒鸡；牝鸡雄鸣，雄鸡乳卵，老鸡人言，谓之不祥。古称鸡有五德∶戴冠，文也；傅矩，武
也；敢斗；勇也；得食相告，仁也；守夜不失时，信也；有此五德犹日沦而食之，何也？以
其所从来近也。埤雅云∶蜀鲁荆越诸鸡，越鸡小，蜀鸡大，鲁鸡犹其大者。庄子云∶一越鸡
不能伏鹄卵，鲁鸡固能矣。成玄英云∶越鸡，荆鸡也；鲁鸡，今之蜀鸡也。按韩子云∶鲁鸡
之不期，蜀鸡之不支，则玄英所谓鲁鸡，今之蜀鸡者，非是矣。尔雅翼云∶荆与越为小，蜀
与鲁为大，荆越相近，蜀非巴蜀，鲁成公会于蜀者，亦鲁地云尔。李时珍云∶蜀中 鸡，楚
中伧鸡，并高三四尺；江南矮鸡，脚仅二寸许；南越长鸣鸡，昼夜啼叫；南海石鸡，潮至则
鸣；辽阳食鸡、角鸡，俱肥美大胜诸鸡；朝鲜长尾鸡，尾长四尺。丹赤者，入药最良。近道
称太和者为第一，下元岁戊子，两浙群鸡，肋尖都生爪甲，五爪具者，辄登天而鸣，去则不
知所往。破卵者，每多五彩凤形，或三足、四足、五足、连胸，或连胁，或四翼、五翼、六
翼、连脊，或连颈，或羽、或毛、或鳞、或介、或兽颈而鸡身，或鸡首而兽体，或两身三身
而一头，或二头三头而两翼，或毛羽之根，遍生爪甲，或爪甲之端，多生毛羽，或卵大如鹄
子，或蛋小如雀卵。色相千端，鸣啼百怪，时有小鸡，或作人言也。是年吴之崇明，每潮来
，即浪滚丹赤雄鸡鸡身马蹄，无大小各重二斤许，不啻千万计，必协群龟池鱼，一涌遍海面
，来不复去也。至犬羊禽鸟，或人身而犬头，或羊首而人躯，或一体二三首，或两犬联脊，
或三羊并尾，或四豕一蹄，或狮头猴身，或人手犬足，灾害叠出，不堪枚举也。悲夫，人
畜莫辨，犹从事鼎鼐者，亦曰殒哉。延寿书云∶具五色者，玄身白首者，六指者，四距者，
死不足申者，并不可食。但阉鸡而啼者，有毒。四月勿食抱鸡肉，令人作痈，成漏，并男
子虚乏。弘景云∶五岁小儿以下，食鸡者多生蛔，及寸白。鸡不可合胡蒜、芥、李、犬肝、
犬肾食，并令人泄血痢。同兔食，亦作血痢。同鱼汁食，成心瘕。同鲤鱼食，痈疖。同獭肉
食，成遁尸。同生葱食，成血痔。同糯米食，生小虫，一粒一虫，易生速计者也。其卵黄雌
者为上，乌雌者次之，首乳者力胜。上锐下圆，端有点血，鲜赤者，首乳也。羽爪 嗉，冠
血胫，筋骨屎白，草窠衣壳，咸收药用。其羽焚之，犹可致风，畜蛊之家，鸡辄飞走，此
灵禽也，宁独克庖饵食而已。
【 】曰∶东方肝木，其音角也，其窍目也，其主筋也，其卦巽也，其畜鸡也。故鸡鸣
日出于寅，鸡伏日入于酉，通昼夜之阖辟，木秉金为用也。盖营行脉中，卫行脉外，经经纬
络，阳出阴入而昼夜分，故主卫失两陆之尝，惺反寂而寂反惺，寤反寐而寐反寤者，或营失
经纬之守，崩反瘀而瘀反崩，积反漏而漏反积者，功力捷如影响。头为阳首，大明东生，鬼
魅不祥，莫之敢撄矣。经云∶卵应想成，便裹壳衣，范围黄白，所谓天地之先，阴阳之始，
胚形未兆，其气浑若也。破卵而出，解甲之孚，曰混沌衣，曰凤凰蜕，取蜕脱之义尔。仲景
苦酒汤，用未伏之卵，鸿 未判而力用专。去黄留白以从阳，高悬之以类相求也。破之使出，
音始出，声始发，一阴机彀动，会厌发，分气张，窦端而言，答述而语矣。去白留黄者，以
从阴也，盖白赋阳外之形，黄铸阴内之藏；主少阴病，卫愆归内，烦难卧者，仍使之卫归阴
陆，睡卧 眠，不与觉时同也。并主百合病，百脉一宗，悉致其病者，罔剧涌泄，仍假百合
药象。从治其本病，而后君以卵黄，乃治其标病。疾流阴气以成阳，合夫荣行脉中，卫行脉
外，出阳入阴，如环无端，形与形相亲，藏与藏相叶，物各从其类也。若屎白之主转筋，脉
微弦，上下行，臂脚挺直而艰曲者，冯藏真通于肝，肝脏筋膜之气也。仍合筋转脉摇，和柔
相离，如鸡举足曰平，昼者昼，夜者夜，辟者辟，阖者阖矣。
（《神农本草经》列为中品）
【气味】味甘，性微温，无毒。
【主治】主要治疗妇女崩漏、赤白带下，具有补虚、温中、止血的功效。鸡头主要用于驱邪避鬼，从东门获取的鸡头药效更佳。
【气味】味甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】主要治疗因火热之邪灼伤导致的溃烂疮疡，癫痫发作，咽喉闭塞失音，以及声音嘶哑。
【气味】味甘，性微寒。
【主治】用于治疗心下部伏热引起的烦闷胀满，能破除大热带来的烦躁。
【气味】味甘，性温，无毒。
【主治】主要清除烦热，解除热毒。
【气味】味咸，性平，无毒。
【主治】主要治疗伤寒病愈后因劳累复发，并能帮助恢复声音。
【考证】曰：鸡属于羽族，各地均有出产，种类非常多，大小形状颜色各不相同。大概是因为太阳中有金乌（传说日中有三足乌，即鸡），西方属金，而大明（太阳）生于东方，所以鸡归属于木行。母鸡孵卵时思念怀抱，伏在卵上尚未孵化出来的，叫做“涅”。又说：母鸡没有公鸡也能产卵，如果对着灶神祈祷，伏在卵上也能孵化出来，俗称为“灶鸡”。小鸡破壳而出，羽毛随即长成。鸡没有外肾，小肠功能亏损。喜欢斜视，奔跑着进食，每次进食都有选择，所以叫作“鸡廉”（廉洁）。只吃食物不喝水，只有粪便没有尿液。叫声被称为“朱”，相传鸡本是朱姓老翁变化而成的。
考察汉代祝鸡翁，居住在尸乡山下，养鸡一百多年，鸡都有名字，呼唤名字它们就会按类别到来，那么“朱”应该是“祝”字的转音。鸡栖息时能知晓阴晴天气，鸣叫时能知晓时刻。鸣叫必定分三次，又能自我坚守，不因风雨而停止。《诗经》说：“风雨凄凄，鸡鸣喈喈；风雨萧萧，鸡鸣胶胶；风雨如晦，鸡鸣不已。”喈喈是鸣叫而不失和谐，胶胶是不失其坚定。鸡年老岁久，直到天亮才鸣叫，这是持守寒冷之气。或者在乙丙夜（深夜），独自鸣叫，则预示黎明将有赦免之事，这叫做“盗啼”。无故群鸣，叫做“荒鸡”；母鸡像公鸡一样打鸣，公鸡孵卵，老鸡像人一样说话，都叫做不祥。古时候称鸡有五德：头顶冠冕，是有文采；脚后有距，是有武勇；敢于搏斗，是有勇敢；得到食物互相告知，是有仁爱；守夜报晓不失时机，是有信用。有了这五德却每天都被宰杀食用，为什么呢？因为它们与人类亲近的缘故。《埤雅》说：蜀地、鲁地、荆地、越地的鸡，越地的鸡小，蜀地的鸡大，鲁地的鸡比蜀地的还要大。《庄子》说：一只越鸡不能孵化天鹅的卵，鲁鸡当然可以。成玄英说：越鸡就是荆鸡；鲁鸡就是现在的蜀鸡。考察《韩非子》说：鲁鸡不能期待孵化天鹅卵，蜀鸡不能支撑孵化，那么成玄英所说的鲁鸡就是现在的蜀鸡，这种说法是不对的。《尔雅翼》说：荆地和越地的鸡小，蜀地和鲁地的鸡大，荆地和越地相近，蜀地不是巴蜀，鲁地是指鲁成公在蜀地会盟的地方，也是鲁地罢了。李时珍说：蜀中的肉鸡，楚地的粗劣鸡，身高都三四尺；江南的矮鸡，脚仅两寸左右；南方的长鸣鸡，昼夜啼叫；南海的石鸡，潮水来时就会鸣叫；辽阳的肉鸡、角鸡，都肥美胜过其他鸡；朝鲜的长尾鸡，尾巴长达四尺。红色的鸡，入药效果最好。近道地区称太和产的鸡为第一等。在下元岁戊子年，两浙地区的群鸡，肋尖都长出爪甲，生出五爪的，就飞上天鸣叫，飞走后不知去向。破壳而出的小鸡，往往呈现五彩凤凰的形状，或者有三足、四足、五足，连在胸部，或连在胁部，或者有四翼、五翼、六翼，连在脊背，或连在颈部，或者羽毛、绒毛、鳞片、甲壳，或者兽颈鸡身，或者鸡首兽体，或者两个身体一个头，或者两个头三个身体两翼，或者羽毛根部遍生爪甲，或者爪甲末端多生羽毛，或者蛋大如天鹅蛋，或者蛋小如雀卵。颜色形态千变万化，鸣叫声怪异百出，有时小鸡会说人话。这一年吴地的崇明岛，每当潮水来，就有浪滚起丹红色的雄鸡，鸡身马蹄状，无大小各重约二斤，不止千万计，一定伴随群龟池鱼，一涌遍海面，来了就不回去了。至于狗羊禽鸟，有人身狗头，或羊首人身，或一体二三头，或两只狗连脊，或三只羊并尾，或四只猪一个蹄，或狮头猴身，或人手犬足，灾害接连出现，不堪枚举。可悲啊，人畜难辨，还从事烹饪的人，也是命丧于此。《延寿书》说：具备五色毛色的，黑身白头的，六指的，四距的，死不足申冤的，都不可食用。只有阉鸡啼叫的，有毒。四月不要吃鸡雏，令人产生痈疽，形成瘘管，并使男子虚弱乏力。陶弘景说：五岁以下小儿，吃鸡的多生蛔虫及寸白虫。鸡不可与胡蒜、芥菜、李子、犬肝、犬肾同食，都会导致泄血痢。同兔肉同食，也会造成血痢。同鱼汁同食，形成心瘕。同鲤鱼同食，引发痈疖。同獭肉同食，形成遁尸。同生葱同食，形成血痔。同糯米同食，生小虫，一粒米生一条虫，容易生成且计算迅速。其中蛋黄以雌鸡所产为上品，乌雌鸡所产次之，初乳者力量最强。蛋形上尖下圆，顶端有点状血迹，鲜红色的，是初乳蛋。羽毛、爪子、嗉囊、冠血、胫骨、筋骨、屎白、草窠衣壳，都收集用于药用。将鸡羽焚烧，尚能招致风邪，养蛊的人家，鸡往往会飞走，这是灵禽，难道仅仅用来厨房食用吗？
【按语】曰：东方属肝木，其音为角，其窍在目，其主筋，其卦为巽，其畜为鸡。所以鸡鸣时太阳出于寅位，鸡伏卧时太阳入于酉位，贯通昼夜的开合，木借助金的作用。大概营气行于脉中，卫气行于脉外，经脉络脉经纬交错，阳气出阴气入而昼夜分明，所以主管卫气失去两陆（阴阳交界）的常规，清醒反而寂静，寂静反而清醒，觉醒反而睡眠，睡眠反而觉醒的，或者是营气失去经纬的守护，崩漏反而瘀滞，瘀滞反而崩漏，积聚反而泄漏，泄漏反而积聚的，功效敏捷如影随形。头部为阳首，大明（太阳）生于东方，鬼魅不祥之物，没有人敢触犯。经文说：卵对应意念形成，便包裹壳衣，范围黄白，所谓天地之前，阴阳之始，胚胎形态未显现，其气浑厚混沌。破壳而出，解开甲壳孵化，叫做混沌衣，叫做凤凰蜕，取蜕变脱落的意思。张仲景的苦酒汤，使用未孵化的卵，鸿濛未判而力用专一。去掉蛋黄留下蛋清以顺应阳，高悬之以类相求。打破它使声音发出，声音开始发出来，一阴之机引动，会厌张开，分气扩张，窦端而言，应答陈述而语矣。去掉蛋清留下蛋黄，以顺应阴，大概白色赋予阳外的形体，黄色铸造阴内的脏腑；主要治疗少阴病，卫气失常回归内部，烦躁难以躺卧的，仍使其卫气回归阴陆，睡觉安眠，不与觉醒时相同。并且主治百合病，百脉同源，都导致疾病的，不剧烈涌泄，仍借用百合药的意象。顺治其本病，然后用蛋黄作为君药，这是治疗其标病。疾流阴气以化成阳，符合荣行脉中，卫行脉外，出阳入阴，如环无端，形与形相亲，脏与脏相协调，物各从其类。如果是屎白主治转筋，脉象微弦，上下行走，手臂脚挺直而弯曲困难的，这是因为脏真通于肝，肝脏筋膜之气。仍然结合筋转脉摇，和柔相离，像鸡举足那样平和，昼者昼，夜者夜，开者开，合者合了。
(Shennong Bencao Jing, Middle Category)
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, slightly warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats women's metrorrhagia (uterine bleeding), leukorrhea with red and white discharge; tonifies deficiency, warms the middle jiao, and stops bleeding. The head is primarily used to expel evil spirits; those obtained from the east gate are superior.
Chicken Egg (Added by Tao Hongjing in Mingyi Bielu)
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats ulcerated sores caused by fire-heat scorching, epilepsy, throat obstruction causing aphonia, and hoarseness.
Egg White (Added by Tao Hongjing in Mingyi Bielu)
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, slightly cold.
[Indications] Treats vexation and fullness due to latent heat in the epigastrium; resolves severe heat-induced vexation.
Egg Yolk (Added by Tao Hongjing in Mingyi Bielu)
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily clears vexation and heat, resolves heat toxins.
Eggshell (Added by Tao Hongjing in Mingyi Bielu)
[Flavor and Nature] Salty, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats relapse of cold damage due to overexertion after recovery, and helps restore voice.
[Examination] It is said: Chickens belong to the feather category. Produced in all directions, there are many varieties, differing greatly in size, shape, and color. Generally, it is believed that there is a rooster in the sun (referring to the legend of the three-legged crow in the sun); the West belongs to Metal, but the Great Brightness (Sun) arises in the East, thus chickens are associated with Wood. Hens incubate eggs with longing for embrace; those incubated but not yet hatched are called "Nie". It is also said: Hens can lay eggs without a rooster; if one prays to the Kitchen God, incubating these eggs can also result in hatching, commonly known as "Kitchen Chicken". Upon breaking the shell, feathers appear immediately. Chickens lack external kidneys and have deficient small intestines. They like to glance sideways, run while eating, and select their food carefully, hence named "Ji Lian" (Chicken Integrity). They eat but do not drink, producing only feces and no urine. Their call is referred to as "Zhu", traditionally believed that chickens were transformed from an old man surnamed Zhu.
According to historical records, Zhu Ji Weng (Master Zhu of Chickens) of the Han Dynasty lived at the foot of Shixiang Mountain, raising chickens for over a century. Each chicken had a name; calling them would bring them according to their kind. Thus, "Zhu" is likely a phonetic shift from "Zhu" (bless/invite). Chickens know rain or shine when perching and tell time when crowing. Crowings occur in threes and persist despite wind and rain. The Classic of Poetry states: "Wind and rain are chill, the cock crows shrill; Wind and rain are bleak, the cock crows loud; Wind and rain darken the sky, the cock crows unabated." "Xie Xie" indicates crowing without losing harmony; "Jiao Jiao" indicates steadfastness. Old crows wait until dawn to crow, holding onto cold qi. Crowing alone during the night watch (Yi-Bing hours) predicts amnesty at dawn, called "Stealthy Crowing". Unprovoked group crowing is called "Absurd Crowing"; hens crowing like roosters, roosters incubating eggs, or old chickens speaking human language are considered inauspicious.
Ancient texts describe five virtues of the chicken: wearing a crest signifies culture/literacy; having spurs signifies martial valor; daring to fight signifies courage; sharing food signifies benevolence; keeping watch at night signifies trustworthiness. Despite these virtues, they are eaten daily because of their closeness to humans. *Piya* states: Chickens from Shu, Lu, Jing, and Yue vary in size; Yue chickens are small, Shu chickens are large, and Lu chickens are even larger than Shu chickens. *Zhuangzi* says: A Yue chicken cannot incubate a swan's egg, but a Lu chicken can. Cheng Xuanying notes: Yue chicken is the Jing chicken; Lu chicken is the current Shu chicken. However, examining *Han Feizi*, which states Lu chickens cannot be expected to incubate swan eggs and Shu chickens cannot support it, suggests Cheng Xuanying's identification of Lu chicken as current Shu chicken is incorrect. *Erya Yi* clarifies: Jing and Yue chickens are small; Shu and Lu chickens are large. Jing and Yue are similar; Shu here does not refer to Bashu but the place where Duke Hui of Lu met; Lu refers to Lu territory. Li Shizhen states: Meat chickens in Shu and coarse chickens in Chu stand 3-4 chi tall; Jiangnan bantams have legs only about 2 cun long; Southern long-crowing crows day and night;南海 Stone Chickens crow with the tide; Liaoyang meat and horned chickens are fattier and superior; Korean long-tailed chickens have tails four chi long. Red chickens are best for medicinal use. Chickens from Taihe near the capital are considered first grade. In the year Wuzi of Xia Yuan, chickens in Zhejiang developed claws on their ribs; those with five claws flew into the sky and vanished. Chicks hatching often resembled colorful phoenixes, with three, four, or five legs, connected to chest or ribs, or possessing four, five, or six wings connected to the spine or neck. Some had scales, shells, beast necks with chicken bodies, or chicken heads with beast bodies. Some had two bodies with one head, or two heads with three bodies and two wings. Feathers grew claws, or claws grew feathers. Eggs varied from swan-sized to sparrow-sized. Colors and sounds were myriad and strange; some chicks spoke human language. In Chongming, Wu region, tides brought up red roosters weighing two jin each, accompanied by turtles and fish, never returning. Beasts appeared with human-dog or dog-human heads, multiple heads, lion-monkey hybrids, etc. Disasters were countless. Alas, distinguishing humans from beasts, yet still consuming them in pots, is tragic. *Yanshu* states: Five-colored chickens, black-bodied white-headed ones, six-fingered ones, four-spurred ones, and those unable to justify their death should not be eaten. Only castrated roosters that crow are toxic. Do not eat chickens in the fourth month, as they cause carbuncles, fistulas, and male weakness. Tao Hongjing states: Children under five eating chicken often develop roundworms and tapeworms. Chicken should not be eaten with garlic, mustard, plums, dog liver, or dog kidney, as this causes bloody dysentery. With rabbit meat, it causes bloody dysentery. With fish juice, it forms heart masses. With carp, it causes boils. With otter meat, it forms running corpse disease. With raw green onions, it causes bloody hemorrhoids. With glutinous rice, it generates parasites, one worm per grain, appearing rapidly. Among eggs, yolk from female chickens is best, followed by black female chickens; first-lay yolk is most potent. Shape is sharp top, round bottom, with a blood spot at the tip; bright red indicates first-lay. Feathers, claws, crop, comb blood, shank bones, sinews, fecal white, nest lining, and shells are all collected for medicine. Burning feathers can attract wind; in households raising gu poison, chickens fly away, indicating they are spiritual birds, not merely for culinary use.
[Commentary] It is said: The East corresponds to Liver Wood, its note is Jue, its orifice is the eye, it governs tendons, its trigram is Xun, and its animal is the chicken. Thus, when chickens crow, the sun rises in Yin; when chickens rest, the sun sets in You, connecting the opening and closing of day and night. Wood utilizes Metal. Ying Qi circulates within vessels, Wei Qi outside. Meridians and collaterals interweave; Yang exits and Yin enters, dividing day and night. If Wei Qi loses its balance between Yin and Yang, wakefulness becomes silence, silence becomes wakefulness, sleep becomes wakefulness, and wakefulness becomes sleep. If Ying Qi loses its governance, bleeding becomes stasis, stasis becomes bleeding, accumulation becomes leakage, and leakage becomes accumulation. Effects are swift as shadows. The head is the Yang summit; the Sun arises in the East; ghosts and misfortune dare not approach. Classics state: The egg corresponds to formed intent, wrapped in shell membrane, encompassing yellow and white, representing the time before Heaven and Earth, the beginning of Yin and Yang, where embryo form is undifferentiated and Qi is chaotic. Breaking the shell releases the armor of incubation, called "Chaos Coat" or "Phoenix Molt," signifying transformation. Zhang Zhongjing's Kujiu Tang uses unhatched eggs, where power is concentrated before differentiation. Removing yolk and keeping white follows Yang; suspending it seeks similarity. Breaking it releases sound; as Yin mechanism activates, the epiglottis opens, Qi expands, speech begins. Removing white and keeping yellow follows Yin; white gives Yang form externally, yellow casts Yin essence internally. It treats Shaoyin disease where Wei Qi deviates inward, causing vexation and inability to lie down, guiding Wei Qi back to Yin lands for sleep, distinct from wakefulness. It also treats Baihe Bing (Lily Disease) where all pulses share one source and are diseased, avoiding violent purging, using Lily imagery. Treating the root with Lily, then using egg yolk as sovereign herb treats the branch. Flowing Yin Qi transforms into Yang, aligning with Ying in vessels and Wei outside, exiting Yang entering Yin, forming a cycle without end, forms loving forms, organs harmonizing, things following their kind. Fecal white treats tendon spasms with wiry pulse, straight arms and legs difficult to bend, indicating Zang True Qi connecting to Liver, governing liver tendon Qi. Combining tendon rotation and pulse shaking, softness separating, like lifting a chicken foot brings peace; day is day, night is night, opening is opening, closing is closing.