（本经中品）
【气味】苦微温，无毒。
【主治】主乳妇内衄，中风余疾，大腹水气，四肢浮肿，骨节中水，金疮，痈肿疮脓。
【核】曰∶所在有之，多生水中。二月生苗，茎方节赤，四叶相值，叶似兰草，但不甚
香，枝叶间微有白毛为异。七月作萼，色纯紫，开时色紫白。根色青紫，与兰草亦相类也。
修治，细锉，以绢囊盛之，悬于屋之南畔角上，阴干取用。
【 】曰∶泽兰生水中，乃水气所聚，澄洁水体，宣通水用者也。故主乳妇内衄，大腹
水肿四肢浮肿，骨节中水，及金疮痈肿疮脓，悉属体失澄洁，用失宣通，其辟不祥，与中风
余疾，皆体用功力耳。
（本经中品）
欲以寿终，当首戒鲜。
【气味】苦寒，无毒。
【主治】主头风，黄胆，咳逆，淋沥，女子阴中肿痛，湿痹死肌，不可屈伸起止行步。
【核】曰∶出河中、江宁、滁州、润州，而蜀中者为胜。苗茎都青，叶色稍白，如槐叶，
亦如茱萸叶。四月开花淡紫色，似小蜀葵花。根似小蔓青，皮黄白而中实。气臭正似羊膻也，
春采者坚白，夏采者虚恶。恶螵蛸、桔梗、茯苓、萆 。
先人云∶膻者肝之臭，当入肝，为肝之用药，从治风气者也。亦可入脾除湿，脾以肝为用耳
【 】曰∶白曰金，鲜曰腥，金之色与臭也。又不以寿终者曰鲜，故唯春采者坚白，夏
采者虚恶。以方生则力锐，形腐则气萎而力不专矣。味苦气寒，对待以热为病，以风为
本，如风中头而标头风；郁肌层而标黄胆；入毫窍而标咳逆；客膀胱而标淋沥；侵阴中而标
肿痛；更合湿曰痹，如痹肌而标死肌；痹筋而标不可屈伸；及起止行步不正也。设合寒本，
气味不相投矣。
（《神农本草经》列为中品药材）
【气味】味苦，性微温，无毒。
【主治】主治乳母体内出血，中风后的残余病症，大腹水肿，四肢浮肿，骨节间的水湿停滞，金创（金属利器造成的创伤），痈肿疮疡及化脓。
【考证】曰：泽兰各地都有，多生长在水中。二月生苗，茎呈方形，节部发红，四片叶子相对生长，叶片形状像兰草，只是香气不浓，枝叶间有细微白毛是其特征。七月形成花萼，花色纯紫，开花时呈现紫白色。根部颜色青紫，与兰草也相似。
炮制方法：切成细段，用绢袋装好，悬挂在房屋南面的角落，阴干后取用。
【辨析】曰：泽兰生长在水中，是水气聚集之处，能澄清水体，宣通水液代谢的作用。所以主治乳母体内出血、大腹水肿、四肢浮肿、骨节间水湿，以及金创痈肿疮脓，这些都属于身体失去澄清洁净、功能失去宣通的表现。其辟除不祥的功效，以及治疗中风余疾，都是基于其体用功能的体现。
（《神农本草经》列为中品药材）
想要健康终老，应当首先戒除腥膻之物。
【气味】味苦，性寒，无毒。
【主治】主治头风病，黄疸，咳嗽气逆，淋证尿沥不尽，女子外阴肿痛，湿痹导致的肌肤麻木僵硬，关节不能屈伸，行走困难。
【考证】曰：产于河中、江宁、滁州、润州等地，其中蜀地产的质量最佳。苗茎全绿，叶色稍白，像槐树叶，也像茱萸叶。四月开淡紫色小花，像小蜀葵花。根像小蔓菁，皮黄白色且中间实心。气味臭正像羊膻味。春季采挖的质地坚实洁白，夏季采挖的质地疏松恶劣。忌与螵蛸、桔梗、茯苓、萆薢同用。
先人说：膻味是肝的气味，所以入肝经，作为调理肝气的药物，顺应治疗风气的需求。也可以入脾经以除湿，因为脾的功能依赖于肝的疏泄。
【辨析】曰：“白”属金，“腥”即膻，这是金的颜色和气味的表现。不能健康终老的人往往嗜食腥膻，所以只有春季采挖的才坚实洁白，夏季采挖的则疏松恶劣。因为刚生长时药力锐利，形体腐败则气萎弱而药力不专。味苦气寒，针对热性病，以风为本，如风邪侵袭头部表现为头风；郁结肌层表现为黄疸；侵入毫窍表现为咳嗽气逆；客居膀胱表现为淋证尿沥；侵犯阴部表现为肿痛；再结合湿气称为痹，如痹阻肌肉表现为肌肤麻木僵硬；痹阻筋脉表现为关节不能屈伸；以及起坐行走不正等。如果合并寒性病本，气味就不相投合了。
(Middle Grade in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Flavor and Property] Bitter, slightly warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats internal bleeding in nursing women (Ru Fu Nei Nu), residual conditions after wind-stroke (Zhong Feng Yu Ji), abdominal distension with ascites (Da Fu Shui Qi), edema of the four limbs (Si Zhi Fu Zhong), water retention in bone joints (Gu Jie Zhong Shui), metal wounds (Jin Chuang), carbuncles, sores, and pus.
[Verification] It is found everywhere, mostly growing in water. Seedlings emerge in February; the stem is square-shaped with reddish nodes, and leaves grow in whorls of four opposite each other. The leaves resemble those of the orchid grass (Lan Cao) but are not very fragrant; a slight white fuzz on the branches and leaves is distinctive. Flower bracts form in July, pure purple in color, turning purple-white when blooming. The root is greenish-purple, resembling orchid grass.
Preparation: Cut into fine pieces, place in a silk bag, hang in the southern corner of the house, dry in the shade, and use as needed.
[Analysis] Ze Lan grows in water and is where water qi gathers; it clarifies the water body and promotes the circulation of water metabolism. Therefore, it treats internal bleeding in nursing women, abdominal edema, limb edema, water retention in joints, and metal wounds with carbuncles and pus. These conditions all belong to the loss of bodily clarity and the failure of functional circulation. Its ability to ward off misfortune and treat residual wind-stroke conditions are both manifestations of its structural and functional efficacy.
(Middle Grade in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
To live a long life and die naturally, one must first abstain from raw/fresh animal products (Xian).
[Flavor and Property] Bitter, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats head wind disease (Tou Feng), jaundice (Huang Dan), cough with rebellious qi (Ke Ni), strangury with dribbling (Lin Li), swelling and pain in the female genitalia (Nv Zi Yin Zhong Teng Zhong), damp-bi causing dead muscle tissue (Shi Bi Si Ji), inability to flex or extend, and difficulty walking.
[Verification] Produced in Hezhong, Jiangning, Chuzhou, and Runzhou, with those from Shu being superior. The seedlings and stems are entirely green, leaves slightly whitish, resembling sophora leaves or cornel leaves. Pale purple flowers bloom in April, resembling small hollyhocks. The root resembles a small turnip, with yellowish-white skin and solid interior. The odor strongly resembles mutton fat (yang shan). Roots harvested in spring are firm and white; those harvested in summer are spongy and inferior. Adverse interactions with Mantis Egg Case (Piao Xiao), Platycodon Root (Jie Geng), Poria (Fu Ling), and Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome (Bi Xie).
My ancestors said: The mutton odor corresponds to the Liver; thus, it enters the Liver channel and serves as a herb for regulating Liver qi, treating wind pathogens according to their nature. It can also enter the Spleen to remove dampness, as the Spleen relies on the Liver for its function.
[Analysis] "White" corresponds to Metal; "Xing" (fishy/muttony) refers to the smell and color of Metal. Those who do not die a natural life often consume such foods; hence, only spring-harvested roots are firm and white, while summer-harvested ones are spongy and poor. Because fresh growth has sharp potency, decay leads to weak qi and unfocused efficacy. The bitter flavor and cold property counteract heat diseases. Wind is the root cause; for example, wind attacking the head manifests as head wind; stagnation in the muscle layer manifests as jaundice; invasion of hair follicles manifests as cough and rebellious qi; lodging in the Bladder manifests as strangury; invasion of the yin region manifests as swelling and pain; combined with dampness, it becomes bi syndrome, manifesting as dead muscle tissue; blocking sinews manifests as inability to flex/extend; and affecting standing/walking posture. If combined with a cold root, the flavors and properties would be incompatible.