（孙思邈）
天子乘与以 纛，大如斗注车衡之左方。
【气味】甘平，无毒。
【主治】主去诸风湿痹，除热，利大便，去宿食。
【核】曰∶制造之法，一同牛酥。
【 】曰∶ 酥功胜牛酥者，谓 毛长而尾尤佳。用以作纛，旌旗奉为指麾也。故主气
无师帅，致风湿合闭成痹，与谷饪滞利之邪，留癖肠腹间者，非此开辟，未易陨涤耳。亦可
作
营血司命，整肃经隧，以御外侮。并可定腑脏之决躁，形气之 瘁。生生编云∶主腹内尘垢，
追
（药性论）
【气味】甘淡平，无毒。
【主治】主食之当谷不饥，调中止泄，健行不睡。健脾胃，强筋骨，去风湿，利关节，
止泄泻，治拘挛骨痛，恶疮痈肿。解汞粉、银朱毒。
【核】曰∶生楚、蜀、闽、浙山箐，及海畔山谷中。蔓生如 ，茎有细点。叶类竹，阔
大浓滑，长五六寸。根如菝 而圆，小者似卵，大者似拳，连缀而生，远不及尺。皮似茯苓，
色有赤白，肉似芋薯，味兼甘涩，亦可生啖。入药以白色者为良。东山经云∶鼓证之山有草
焉，名曰荣莫。其叶如柳如竹，其本如卵如拳，食之已风，恐即此也。一名禹余粮，一名石
余粮、冷饭块。忌茗，及豆。
【 】曰∶土茯苓者，九土之精气所钟也。一名石，石以量言；一名禹，绩平水土，有
如神禹；言余粮者，食之当谷不饥耳。味甘淡，气平和，性无毒。故主调中止泄，黄中通理
之为用乎。若健行不睡，强筋骨，治拘挛，利关节，此阴以阳为用，应地无疆，自强不息矣。
若
而肾水溢矣。
（孙思邈评述）
天子车驾所用的大旗，大小如斗，注记在车衡的左方。
【气味】味甘、性平，无毒。
【主治】主要去除各种风湿痹证，清除热邪，通利大便，消除积食。
【考证】曰：其制作方法，与牛酥完全相同。
【发明】曰：土茯苓的功效胜过牛酥，是因为它生长在毛长且尾部特别优良的植物旁（此处原文可能有脱漏或指代特定环境/植物特性，依文意译为生长环境优越）。用它制作大旗，旗帜被奉为指挥号令的象征。因此，它能主治因气无统帅，导致风湿合闭而成痹证，以及谷物饮食停滞产生的邪气，留滞于肠腹之间形成癖块的情况，若非此药开辟疏通，难以轻易清除。它也可以作为营血的守护神，整肃经络隧道，以抵御外邪入侵。并且可以安定脏腑的决躁之症，改善形体与元气的衰败。《生生编》记载：它能清除腹内的尘垢，追
（《药性论》记载）
【气味】味甘、淡，性平，无毒。
【主治】食用后如同进食谷物般不感到饥饿，调理中焦止住泄泻，使人精力充沛行走不倦。强健脾胃，强壮筋骨，去除风湿，通利关节，停止泄泻，治疗拘挛和骨痛，恶疮痈肿。解除汞粉、银朱的毒性。
【考证】曰：产于楚地、蜀地、闽地、浙地的山林深处，以及海边山谷中。藤蔓状生长，类似某种藤本植物，茎上有细点。叶子像竹子，宽大浓绿光滑，长五六寸。根部像菝葜但呈圆形，小的像蛋，大的像拳头，连接生长，长度不到一尺。外皮像茯苓，颜色有赤白两种，肉质像芋头和红薯，味道兼具甘和涩，也可以生吃。入药以白色者为佳。《东山经》记载：鼓证之山有一种草，名叫荣莫。它的叶子像柳叶又像竹叶，根部像蛋又像拳头，吃了它能治愈风疾，恐怕就是这种植物。又名禹余粮，又名石余粮、冷饭块。忌与茶、豆类同食。
【发明】曰：土茯苓，是九种土壤精气汇聚而成的产物。名为“石”，是以形态而言；名为“禹”，是指大禹治水绩平水土，功效有如神禹；说它是“余粮”，是指吃了它就像吃了粮食一样不饥饿。味道甘淡，气性平和，性质无毒。所以能主治调理中焦止住泄泻，发挥其中气通达、理顺理气的功用。至于使人健行不倦，强壮筋骨，治疗拘挛，通利关节，这是阴以阳为用，顺应大地无边无际的特性，自强不息的表现。如果……那么肾水就会泛滥了。
(Sun Simiao's Commentary)
The great banner used by the Son of Heaven's carriage is as large as a dou (a unit of volume), noted on the left side of the chariot beam.
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily eliminates various wind-dampness bi-syndromes, clears heat, promotes bowel movements, and removes retained food.
[Verification] It is stated that: The method of preparation is identical to that of ox butter (Niusu).
[Elucidation] It is stated that: The efficacy of Tufuling exceeds that of ox butter because it grows in environments where hair is long and the tail is particularly excellent (Note: The original text implies a specific botanical or environmental context for its superior quality). Used to make banners, flags are revered as symbols of command. Therefore, it treats conditions where Qi lacks a commander, leading to wind-dampness closing and forming Bi-syndromes, as well as pathogenic factors from stagnant grain and food retention lingering in the intestines and abdomen causing masses. Without this herb to open and unblock, these cannot be easily eliminated. It can also serve as the life-master of Ying (Nutritive) and Xue (Blood), rectifying the meridians and collaterals to resist external invasions. Furthermore, it can calm the restlessness of the Zang-Fu organs and improve the decline of form and Qi. *Shengsheng Bian* records: It removes dust and filth within the abdomen, pursuing...
(*Yaoxing Lun*)
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, bland, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] When ingested, one does not feel hungry as if having eaten grain; regulates the Middle Jiao to stop diarrhea, enhances mobility and wakefulness. Strengthens the Spleen and Stomach, fortifies sinews and bones, expels wind-dampness, benefits joints, stops diarrhea, treats spasms and bone pain, malignant sores, and carbuncles. Resolves the toxicity of mercury powder and vermilion.
[Verification] It is stated that: It grows in the deep mountains of Chu, Shu, Min, and Zhe regions, as well as in valleys near the sea. It grows as a vine, resembling certain climbing plants, with stems bearing fine spots. Leaves resemble bamboo, broad, thick, smooth, and 5-6 cun long. Roots resemble Smilax (Babie) but are round; small ones resemble eggs, large ones resemble fists, growing in clusters, rarely exceeding one chi in length. The skin resembles Poria (Fuling), with colors ranging from red to white. The flesh resembles taro and sweet potato, with a taste combining sweetness and astringency; it can also be eaten raw. For medicinal use, white varieties are superior. *Dongshan Jing* records: On Mount Guzhen, there is a grass named Rongmo. Its leaves resemble willow and bamboo, its root resembles an egg or fist. Consuming it cures wind diseases; this is likely such a plant. Also known as Yuyuliang, Shi Yuliang, or Cold Rice Block. Contraindicated with tea and beans.
[Elucidation] It is stated that: Tufuling is the accumulation of the essence of the nine types of soil. Named "Shi" (Stone) due to its form; named "Yu" (Great Yu) because, like the legendary Emperor Yu who pacified the waters, its effects are miraculous; referred to as "Yuliang" (Surplus Grain) because consuming it prevents hunger as if eating grain. Its flavor is sweet and bland, its nature is peaceful, and it is non-toxic. Thus, it primarily regulates the Middle Jiao and stops diarrhea, utilizing its ability to harmonize the center and regulate internal mechanisms. Regarding enhancing mobility, strengthening sinews and bones, treating spasms, and benefiting joints, this represents Yin using Yang, responding to the boundless earth, striving for self-improvement without cease. If [improperly used or excessive], then Kidney Water may overflow.