（本经下品）
设所卜非其向，恐野狼鸣肠断矣。以毒药攻病者，顾言珍重。不存诸有，即有故而陨；不
害诸
无，即亦无陨也。
【气味】辛平，有大毒。
【主治】主咳逆上气，破积聚，饮食寒热，水气，恶疮鼠 疽蚀，鬼精蛊毒，杀飞鸟走
兽。
【核】曰∶出秦亭山谷，及奉高、宕昌、建平诸处。今陕西州郡，及辽、石州亦有之。
茎叶并似商陆，及大黄，茎叶之上，都有白毛，根皮色黄，肉色白，形似防葵，沉重者为贵，
但
句姜。畏占斯、密陀僧。
【 】曰∶取野狼为名者，谓野狼善逐也。尔雅翼云∶野狼之将远逐食，必先倒地以卜所向，
故猎师遇野狼辄喜，盖野狼之所向，即兽之所在也。故主杀飞鸟走兽，并主水谷积聚，而为咳逆
上气，以及寒热蛊毒，与水谷无以转输皮毛，致生恶疮鼠 疽蚀者。野狼毒逐而输之，此但似
野狼性之贪饕，非若野狼肠之直而辄出也。先人云∶非我族类，鲜不灭除，不存诸有，不害诸无。
（本经下品）
亭亭能历历，便非止于亭者。
【气味】辛寒，无毒。
【主治】主症瘕积聚结气，饮食寒热，破坚，逐邪，通利水道。
【核】曰∶出 城平泽田野间，汴东、陕西、河北州郡亦有之。近以彭城、曹州者为胜，
他处者不堪用也。春生苗叶，高六七寸，似荠根而色白，枝茎俱青。三月开花，微黄色，遂
结角，列子亭亭，扁小如黍粒，微长而黄，味苦入顶，微甘者狗荠也。月令孟夏靡草死。注
云∶狗荠，葶苈之属是也。一种单茎向上，叶端出角，其实肥大而短；一种叶近根下，作奇
生，如芥叶，其角细长者，此皆异种，不可不辨。修事，以糯米合置燠上微焙，俟米熟，去
米，捣碎用。榆皮为之使，得酒良，恶白僵蚕、石龙 。
【 】曰∶水止曰亭，行止曰历。史记云∶决河亭水而注之海，盖以功用为名。故决渎
水道，诚急方之泄剂也。若气结为症瘕，为积聚，为饮食寒热，皆止固不迁，决而泄之。十
剂云∶泄可去闭，葶苈之属是矣。
（《神农本草经》列为下品）
如果占卜的方向不对，恐怕野狼会因追逐失败而肠断。用毒药来攻治病邪的人，应当格外慎重。如果不执着于“有”（实邪），就会因为病因而去掉病根；如果不伤害“无”（正气），就不会造成损伤。
【气味】辛，平，有大毒。
【主治】主要治疗咳嗽气逆，破除积聚，调理饮食寒热引起的不适，消除水气，治疗恶疮、鼠瘘及疽蚀，驱除鬼精蛊毒，杀死飞鸟走兽。
【考证】曰：产于秦亭山谷，以及奉高、宕昌、建平等地。现在的陕西各州郡，以及辽州、石州也有出产。茎和叶都像商陆和大黄，茎叶上都有白色的毛，根皮呈黄色，肉质白色，形状像防葵，质地沉重的品质较好，但类似姜形。畏忌占斯、密陀僧。
【释名】曰：取名为“野狼毒”，是因为野狼善于追逐猎物。《尔雅翼》记载：野狼在准备远途追逐食物时，一定会先趴在地上占卜方向，所以猎手遇到野狼总是很高兴，因为野狼所指向的地方，就是野兽所在之处。因此，本品能杀灭飞鸟走兽，也能主治水谷积聚，导致咳嗽气逆，以及寒热蛊毒，还有因水谷无法转输至皮毛而导致生成恶疮、鼠瘘、疽蚀的病证。野狼毒能驱逐这些病邪并使其输布排出，这仅仅类似于野狼性情的贪婪暴食，并不像野狼的肠道那样直露而出。先辈说：不是同族的人，很少有不加以消灭清除的，不执着于“有”，不伤害“无”。
（《神农本草经》列为下品）
亭亭玉立且清晰分明，便不仅仅是指静止不动了。
【气味】辛，寒，无毒。
【主治】主要治疗症瘕积聚结气，饮食寒热引起的不适，破除坚硬，驱逐邪气，通利水道。
【考证】曰：产于城邑附近的平原沼泽田野间，汴东、陕西、河北各州郡也有出产。近来以彭城、曹州出产的质量最佳，其他地方的不堪使用。春天生出苗叶，高六七寸，根部像荠菜但颜色白，枝茎都是青色。三月开花，微黄色，随后结出角果，种子排列得亭亭玉立，扁小如黍米粒，略长且黄色，味苦直达头顶，味道微甘的是狗荠。《月令》记载孟夏时节靡草枯死。注释说：狗荠，就是葶苈这类植物。一种单茎向上生长，叶端长出角果，果实肥大而短；另一种叶子靠近根部下方生长，呈奇生状，像芥菜叶，其角细长，这些都是不同的种类，不可不辨别。炮制方法，是将糯米放在一起放在温暖处微微烘焙，等到米熟了，去掉米，捣碎后使用。榆皮作为引经药，与酒同用效果好，厌恶白僵蚕、石龙芮。
【释名】曰：水流停止称为“亭”，水流停止流动称为“历”。《史记》记载：“决开河道使水停蓄然后注入大海”，大概是以功效来命名。因此，疏通水道，确实是紧急情况下使用的泻剂。如果气机郁结形成症瘕、积聚、饮食寒热等病证，都是停滞固着而不移动的，通过决堤泄水的方法来排除它们。《十剂》说：泻法可以去除闭塞，葶苈这类药物就是代表。
(Bottom Grade in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
If the divined direction is incorrect, one might fear that the wild wolf would break its intestines [from frustration]. Those who use toxic substances to attack diseases must be extremely cautious. If one does not cling to "existence" (pathogenic excess), the cause will be eliminated; if one does not harm "non-existence" (healthy qi), no injury will occur.
[Flavor and Properties] Acrid, Neutral, Highly Toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats cough with rebellious Qi, breaks up accumulations and masses, regulates discomfort caused by cold and heat from diet, eliminates fluid retention, treats malignant sores, scrofula, and ulcerative lesions, expels demonic essences and gu poison, and kills flying birds and running beasts.
[Verification] It is stated: Produced in the valleys of Qinting, as well as Fenggao, Dangchang, Jianping, and other places. Currently found in various prefectures and commanderies of Shaanxi, as well as Liao Prefecture and Shizhou. The stems and leaves resemble those of Phytolacca acinosa (Shanglu) and Rheum palmatum (Dahuang), covered with white hairs. The root bark is yellow, the flesh is white, and the shape resembles Conium maculatum (Fangkui). Those that are heavy in weight are considered superior, though they resemble ginger in form. It is incompatible with Zhan Si and Litharge (Miduoseng).
[Name Explanation] It is said: Named "Wild Wolf Poison" because the wild wolf is adept at chasing prey. *Erya Yi* records: When a wild wolf prepares to chase food over a long distance, it first lies down to divine the direction. Therefore, hunters are always pleased when they encounter wild wolves, for where the wolf points is where the beast resides. Thus, this herb can kill flying birds and running beasts, and also primarily treats water and grain accumulations causing cough with rebellious Qi, as well as cold-heat gu poison. It addresses conditions where water and grain cannot be transported to the skin and hair, leading to the generation of malignant sores, scrofula, and ulcerative lesions. Wild Wolf Poison drives out these pathogens and facilitates their transport and discharge. This merely resembles the gluttonous nature of the wild wolf, rather than the direct exposure of its intestines. Ancestors said: Those not of our kin are rarely left uneliminated; do not cling to "existence," do not harm "non-existence."
(Bottom Grade in the *Shennung Bencao Jing*)
Standing tall and distinct, it implies more than just stillness.
[Flavor and Properties] Acrid, Cold, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats masses and accumulations with stagnant Qi, discomfort from cold and heat due to diet, breaks hardness, expels pathogenic factors, and promotes the free flow of the Water passages.
[Verification] It is stated: Grows in flatlands, marshes, and fields near cities. Also found in the regions east of Bian, Shaanxi, and Hebei. Currently, those from Pengcheng and Caozhou are considered superior, while those from other places are unsuitable for use. In spring, seedlings and leaves emerge, growing six or seven cun high. The roots resemble Shepherd's Purse (*Capsella bursa-pastoris*) but are white in color, and the branches and stems are green. Flowers bloom in the third lunar month, pale yellow, subsequently forming pods. The seeds stand upright, small and flat like millet grains, slightly elongated and yellow. With a bitter taste reaching the crown, those with a slightly sweet taste are Dog Shepherd's Purse (*Gouji*). The *Yueling* states that delicate herbs die in early summer. The commentary notes: Dog Shepherd's Purse belongs to the Thladiantha/Descurainia group. One variety has a single stem growing upward with pods emerging from the leaf tips, bearing large and short fruits; another variety has leaves growing near the base in an alternate pattern, resembling mustard leaves, with slender and long pods. These are different species and must be distinguished. Processing method: Mix with glutinous rice and lightly roast on a warm surface until the rice is cooked, remove the rice, and crush the herb. Periploca sepium (Yupi) serves as a guiding drug; combining with wine enhances efficacy. It is incompatible with Bombyx batryticatus (Baijiangcan) and Pseudoscleroderma porphyra (Shilongrui).
[Name Explanation] It is said: Water stopping is called "Ting"; flow ceasing is called "Li". The *Records of the Grand Historian* mentions: "Diverting the river to stop the water before pouring it into the sea," likely naming the herb after its function. Therefore, dredging the Water passages makes it indeed a purgative agent for urgent conditions. If Qi stagnation forms masses, accumulations, or dietary cold-heat disorders, these are all stagnant and fixed without movement. By diverting and draining them, we treat them. The *Ten Categories* states: Purging can remove obstruction; Thladiantiae Semen (Tingli) belongs to this category.