灌木类 苞木类 寓木类
泻肺行水。
甘辛而寒。泻肺火。（钱乙泻白散、桑皮地骨各一两、甘草五钱、每服二钱、粳米百粒
煎、
时珍曰∶桑皮地骨、皆能泻火从小便出、甘草泻火缓中、粳米清肺养血、乃泻肺诸方之准绳
也。）利二便。散瘀血。下气行水。止嗽清痰。（肺中有水、则生痰而作嗽、十剂曰∶燥可去
湿、桑白皮赤小豆之类是也。）治肺热喘满。唾血热渴。水肿胪胀。肺虚无火。及因风寒而
嗽者。勿服。刮去薄皮。取白。或生用。或蜜炙。（制其凉泻之性。）为线可缝金疮。续断、
桂心为使。忌铁。（小儿流涎、脾热也、胸膈有痰、新桑根白皮、捣自然汁涂之、甚效、或
干者、煎水亦可。）
宣祛风。
苦平。通关节，行津液，祛风利水，治风寒湿痹诸痛。（在手足者尤效、以其入四肢也。）
水
气香港脚。（桑枝一升、细锉炒香、水三升、熬至二升、一日服尽、名桑枝煎、治风气香港脚。）
凉血祛风。
苦甘而凉。（得金气而柔润不凋、故喻嘉言清燥救肺汤、以之为君。）滋燥。凉血。止血。
（
刀斧伤者为末、干掺妙。）去风。长发。明目。（采经霜者煎汤、洗眼去风泪。洗手足去风痹
、桑叶黑芝麻等分、蜜丸、名扶桑丸、除湿祛风、乌须明目。）代茶止消渴。末服止盗汗。（
严州有僧、每就枕、汗出遍身、比旦、衣被皆透、二十年不能疗、监寺教采带露桑叶、焙干
为末、空心米饮下二钱、数日逐愈。）用经霜者。
【干桑枝】
属于灌木类、苞木类或寓木类植物。
具有泻肺火、利小便和大便、散瘀血、降气行水、止咳清痰的功效。（肺中有水湿，则生痰并引发咳嗽，《十剂》说：燥能去湿，桑白皮、赤小豆之类就是这类药物。）用于治疗肺热引起的喘息胸闷、唾血、热渴、水肿及腹部胀满。如果是肺虚无火，或因风寒引起的咳嗽，则不要服用。使用时需刮去外层薄皮，取用白色部分。可以生用，也可以用蜂蜜炙烤（以制约其寒凉泻下的药性）。桑枝制成的线可以用来缝合金疮（金属利器造成的创伤），常与续断、桂心配伍使用。忌与铁器接触。（小儿流口水，是脾热的表现；若胸膈有痰，可用新鲜桑根白皮捣取自然汁涂抹，效果很好；或者用干燥的桑根白皮煎水亦可。）
【干桑叶】
具有宣散祛风的作用。
味苦，性平。能通利关节，运行津液，祛风利水，治疗因风寒湿邪引起的痹证疼痛。（对于手足部位的病症尤其有效，因为桑枝能入四肢。）用于治疗水气病和香港脚（脚气病）。（方法：取桑枝一升，细切后炒香，加水三升，熬煮至二升，一天内服完，名为“桑枝煎”，用于治疗风气引发的香港脚。）
具有凉血祛风的作用。
味苦甘，性凉。（得金气而柔润不凋谢，所以喻嘉言在《清燥救肺汤》中将其作为主药。）能滋润燥邪，凉血止血。（刀斧外伤者，可将桑叶研末，干掺于伤口上很好。）能祛风，促进头发生长，明目。（采摘经霜后的桑叶煎汤，洗眼可去风泪；洗手足可去风痹；桑叶与黑芝麻等分，制成蜜丸，名为“扶桑丸”，能除湿祛风，乌须明目。）代茶饮用可止消渴症。研末服用可止盗汗。（严州有一位僧人，每次躺下睡觉就全身出汗，到第二天早上，衣服被子都湿透了，二十年无法治愈。监寺和尚教他采集带露水的桑叶，焙干研末，空腹用米饮送服二钱，几天后就痊愈了。）必须使用经过霜打的桑叶。
[Dried Mulberry Twig]
Belongs to the categories of shrubs, bao mu (umbrella-shaped trees), or yu mu (parasitic trees).
It has the effects of draining lung fire, promoting urination and defecation, dispersing blood stasis, directing qi downward and moving water, stopping cough and clearing phlegm. (When there is water-dampness in the lungs, it generates phlegm and causes coughing; *Shi Ji* states: "Drying agents can remove dampness," such as Sangbaipi [Morus Albae Cortex] and Chixiaodou [Vigna Semen].) It treats wheezing and chest fullness due to lung heat, hemoptysis, thirst due to heat, edema, and abdominal distension. If the condition is lung deficiency without fire, or cough caused by wind-cold, it should not be taken. Preparation involves scraping off the thin outer bark to use the white inner part. It can be used raw or honey-fried (to moderate its cold and purgative nature). Mulberry twig fibers can be used to suture metal-induced wounds (Jin Chuang), often combined with Xu Duan [Dipsaci Radix] and Guixin [Cinnamomi Ramulus]. Iron should be avoided. (In children, drooling indicates spleen heat; if there is phlegm in the chest and diaphragm, fresh juice from Sanggen Baipi [Mori Radicis Cortex] applied topically is very effective, or decocting dried root bark also works.)
[Dried Mulberry Leaf]
Has the function of diffusing and dispelling wind.
Bitter in taste, neutral in property. It unites joints, circulates body fluids, dispels wind, promotes diuresis, and treats pain from bi-syndrome caused by wind-cold-dampness. (It is particularly effective for conditions in the hands and feet because it enters the four limbs.) It treats Shuiqi (water-qi disorder) and Xianggangjiao (Hong Kong foot/foot disease, historically referring to beriberi or gout-like symptoms). (Method: Take one sheng of mulberry twigs, finely chop and stir-fry until fragrant, add three sheng of water, boil down to two sheng, and consume within one day. This is called Sangzhi Jian [Mulberry Twig Decoction], used to treat wind-related Hong Kong jiao.)
Has the function of cooling blood and dispelling wind.
Bitter and sweet in taste, cool in property. (It receives the energy of Metal, remaining flexible and green without withering; therefore, Yu Jiayan used it as the sovereign herb in Qingzao Jiufei Tang [Clear Dryness and Rescue the Lung Decoction].) It moistens dryness, cools blood, and stops bleeding. (For cuts from knives or axes, grinding the leaf into powder and applying it dry to the wound is excellent.) It dispels wind, promotes hair growth, and brightens the eyes. (Collect leaves after frost, decoct in water, and wash the eyes to dispel wind and tears; wash hands and feet to dispel wind-bi; combine Sangye [Mori Folium] and Hei Zhima [Sesami Fructus Niger] in equal parts, form honey pills named Fusang Wan [Mulberry Pill], to remove dampness, dispel wind, darken beard/hair, and improve vision.] It can replace tea to treat Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome). Taking powdered leaf stops night sweats. (A monk in Yanzhou suffered from profuse sweating all over his body every time he lay down to sleep, soaking his clothes and bedding by morning, for twenty years without cure. The temple supervisor taught him to collect mulberry leaves with dew, bake them dry, grind into powder, and take two qian with rice water on an empty stomach. After a few days, he recovered.) Use leaves that have been exposed to frost.