凉心润肺、利大小肠。
甘寒微酸。凉心润肺。利大小肠。（丹溪曰∶梨者利也、流利下行之谓也。）止嗽消痰。
清喉
降火。（生之可清六腑之热、熟之可滋五脏之阴、实火宜生、虚火宜熟。）除烦解渴。润燥消
风。（人知其清火消痰、不
知
其散风之妙。）醒酒解毒。（经疏曰∶膏粱之家、浓味酽酒、纵肆无节、必多痰火、痈疽、卒
中之患、唯数食梨、能转重
为轻、变危为安。）治伤寒发热。热嗽痰喘。中风失音。（捣汁频服、圣惠方、梨汁煮粥、治
小儿心脏风热昏躁。）切片。
贴汤火伤。脾虚泄泻。乳妇及金疮。忌用。捣汁用。熬膏亦良。加姜汁、蜂蜜佳。清痰止嗽。
与莱菔
润肺、宁嗽、涩肠。
生用甘冷。润肺止咳嗽。清胃理焦烦。干柿甘寒而涩。涩肠止泄。润肺宁嗽。而消宿血。
治
肺痿热咳。（产宝云∶产后咳逆烦乱、干柿水煮饮）咯血反胃。（有人三世病反胃、至孙以柿
干同饭常食、不饮水、愈。）肠风、下血、痔漏。（肺与大肠相表里、脏清则腑热亦除、方勺
泊宅编、柿干烧灰、饮服二钱、治下血。）柿霜乃其津液。生津化痰。清上焦心肺之热为尤
佳
颇
寒。肺经无火。及风寒作嗽。冷痢滑泄者。忌之。若与蟹同食。令
逆。（古方单用、取其苦温
降
气、济生加丁香生姜、取其开郁散痰
、亦从治之法。）
【梨】
性味：甘、寒，微酸。
功效：清心火，润肺燥，通利大、小肠。
（朱丹溪说：“梨”字意为“利”，指其气机流利且向下运行的特性。）
能止咳化痰。
清利咽喉。
降火。（生吃可以清除六腑的热邪，煮熟吃可以滋养五脏的阴液；实热证宜生吃，虚热证宜熟吃。）
除烦渴，润燥祛风。（人们只知道它能清热消痰，却不知道它疏散风邪的妙处。）
解酒毒。（《本草经疏》说：“富贵人家，饮食肥甘厚味，饮酒无度，必然导致痰火内生，引发痈疽、中风等急症。此时若多吃梨，能使病情由重转轻，化险为夷。”）
治疗伤寒发热，热咳痰喘，中风失音。（捣取梨汁频频服用，《太平圣惠方》记载用梨汁煮粥，可治疗小儿心脏风热引起的昏躁。）
切片外贴，可用于烫伤和火烧伤。
脾虚泄泻者，哺乳期妇女及金疮患者忌用。
用法：捣汁饮用，或熬成膏剂也良好。加入姜汁、蜂蜜更佳，可增强清痰止咳的功效。
【柿】
功效：润肺，宁嗽，涩肠。
生柿子：性味甘冷。润肺，止咳嗽，清胃热，理烦躁。
干柿子：性味甘寒而涩。涩肠止泻，润肺宁嗽，并能消除陈旧瘀血。
治疗肺痿热咳。（《产宝》说：“产后咳嗽气逆、心烦意乱，可用干柿子水煮后饮用。”）
治疗咯血、反胃。（有人家三代人患反胃病，到孙子时，让患者将干柿子与饭同食，不喝水，病就好了。）
治疗肠风下血、痔疮漏管。（肺与大肠相表里，脏气清则腑热亦除。《泊宅编》记载：将干柿子烧成灰，每次服二钱，可治便血。）
柿霜是柿子的津液凝结而成。生津化痰，清除上焦心肺的热邪，效果尤其好。
整体药性颇寒。肺经无火者，以及风寒引起的咳嗽、冷痢滑泄者，忌用。
若与螃蟹同食，会导致气机逆乱。（古方单用柿子，取其苦温降气之效；济生方中加入丁香、生姜，取其开郁散痰之功，这也属于从治法。）
[Pear]
Properties and Flavor: Sweet, cold, slightly sour.
Actions: Clears heart heat, moistens the lungs, promotes urination and bowel movements in both the large and small intestines.
(Zhu Danxi stated: The character 'Li' (Pear) implies 'benefit' or 'flow', referring to its property of promoting smooth downward movement.)
Stops coughing and eliminates phlegm.
Clears the throat.
Descends fire. (Raw consumption clears heat from the six fu organs; cooked consumption nourishes yin of the five zang organs. Excess fire is suitable for raw consumption, while deficiency fire is suitable for cooked consumption.)
Relieves irritability and thirst, moistens dryness, and disperses wind. (People are aware of its ability to clear heat and eliminate phlegm, but unaware of its wonderful effect in dispersing wind.)
Resolves alcohol toxicity and detoxifies. (*Bencao Jing Shu* states: "For those living in luxury with rich foods and heavy drinking without restraint, phlegm-fire will inevitably accumulate, leading to carbuncles, sores, and sudden stroke. Eating pears frequently can turn heavy conditions into light ones, transforming danger into safety.")
Treats fever due to cold damage, hot cough with wheezing/phlegm, and aphonia due to wind-stroke. (Frequently drink freshly squeezed pear juice. *Taiping Shenghui Fang* records that pear juice congee treats infantile cardiac wind-heat causing confusion and restlessness.)
Sliced externally applied for burns and scalds.
Contraindicated for spleen deficiency with diarrhea, nursing mothers, and patients with open wounds.
Usage: Freshly squeezed juice is used; boiling into a paste is also good. Adding ginger juice and honey is excellent, enhancing the effects of clearing phlegm and stopping cough.
[Persimmon]
Actions: Moistens the lungs, calms coughing, astringes the intestines.
Raw Persimmon: Properties sweet and cold. Moistens the lungs, stops cough, clears stomach heat, resolves vexation.
Dried Persimmon: Properties sweet, cold, and astringent. Astringes intestines to stop diarrhea, moistens lungs to calm cough, and eliminates old blood stasis.
Treats lung atrophy with hot cough. (*Chanbao* states: "For postpartum cough with counterflow qi and mental agitation, boil dried persimmon in water and drink.")
Treats hemoptysis and regurgitation/vomiting. (In one family where three generations suffered from regurgitation, the grandson cured it by having the patient eat dried persimmons with rice regularly without drinking water.)
Treats intestinal wind with bleeding, hemorrhoids, and fistulas. (The Lung and Large Intestine are exterior-interior related; when the zang is clear, the fu heat is also removed. *Bo Zhai Bian* records: Burning dried persimmon to ash and taking two qian with water treats lower body bleeding.)
Persimmon frost is the condensed fluid of the persimmon. It generates fluids, transforms phlegm, and clears heat from the upper jiao (heart and lungs), which is particularly effective.
Overall properties are quite cold. Contraindicated for those without fire in the lung meridian, as well as for cough caused by wind-cold and cold dysentery with slippery discharge.
Consuming it together with crab causes adverse reactions/qi reversal. (Ancient formulas used persimmon alone to leverage its bitter-warm qi-descending property; the *Jisheng Fang* added clove and fresh ginger to open stagnation and scatter phlegm, which is also a method of contrary treatment.)