宣、燥、暖胃散寒。
辛热。暖胃散寒。消食醒酒。治胃脘冷痛。（凡心口一点痛、俗言心痛、非也、乃胃脘
有
滞、或有虫、及因怒因寒而起、以良姜酒洗七次、香附醋洗七次、焙研、因寒者、姜二钱
、附一钱、因怒者、附二钱、姜一钱、寒怒兼者、每一钱五分、米饮加姜汁一匙、盐少许
服。古方治心脾疼、多用良姜、寒者用之至二钱、热者亦用四五分、于清火剂中、取其辛
温下气、止痛有神耳。）岚瘴疟疾。霍乱泻痢。吐恶。噎膈冷癖。虚人须与参术同行。若单
用多用。恐犯冲和之气。出岭南高州。东壁土拌炒用。
红豆蔻（即良姜子、宣、燥、温肺醒脾。）温肺散寒。醒脾燥湿。消食。解酒。禁
忌制用。同
上。
宣、去恶气。
辛甘微温。入手足太阴。（肺、脾。）快气和中。开胃止呕。去恶气。进饮食。治霍乱吐
泻。心腹绞痛。上中二焦邪滞。（禀清和芳烈之气、为脾肺达气要药、局方有藿香正气散、
正气通畅、则邪逆自除。）阴虚火旺。及胃热胃虚作呕者。戒用。出交广。方茎有节。叶微
似茄叶。古唯用叶。今枝梗亦用。因叶多伪也。（冷露疮烂、藿香叶、细茶等分、烧灰、油
调涂之、良。）
宣、发表、祛风燥湿。
色白味辛。行手阳明庚金。（大肠。）性温气浓，行足阳明戊土。（胃。）芳香上达。入手
太阴
辛金。（肺。）故主治不离三经。通窍发汗。除湿散风。治头目昏痛。（阳明之脉萦于面、故
治头面诸疾、杨吉老方、白芷汤泡四五遍、蜜丸弹子大、名都梁丸、每服一丸、荆芥点腊茶
嚼下。）眉棱骨痛。（风热与痰、同酒浸黄芩为末、茶下。）牙痛。（上龈属足阳明、下龈属手
阳明、二经风热。）鼻渊。（肺主鼻、风热乘肺、上烁于脑、故鼻多浊涕而渊、经曰∶脑渗为
涕、宜同细辛辛夷治之。）目痒泪出面 。（干去声、面黑气。）瘢疵。（可作面脂。）皮肤燥
痒。三经风热之病。及血崩血闭。肠风痔 。痈疽疮疡。三经湿热之病。活血排脓。（肠有
败脓血、淋露腥秽、致脐腹冷痛、须以此排之。）生肌止痛。解砒毒、蛇伤。（先以绳扎伤处、
芷、能辟蛇。）又治产后伤风。诸种头痛。（自鱼尾上攻、血虚头痛
、多在日晚、宜四物加辛芷、气虚头痛、多在清晨、宜芎 倍参 、刘松石保寿堂经验方
、治偏正头风、白芷川芎各三钱、搽牛脑上、加酒顿熟、热食尽醉、其病如失。）燥能耗血
。散能损气。有虚火者勿用。痈疽已溃。宜渐减去。色白气香者佳。（名官白芷、不香者名
水白芷。）不堪用。微焙。当归为使。恶旋复花。
良姜：宣通、燥湿、温暖胃腑、驱散寒邪。
味辛性热。能温暖胃腑、驱散寒邪。消除食积、解酒毒。治疗胃脘部冷痛。（凡是心口一点疼痛，俗称心痛，其实并非真正的心痛，而是胃脘部有停滞之物，或有寄生虫，以及因愤怒或受寒引起的疼痛。处理方法：用良姜酒洗七次，香附醋洗七次，焙干研末。因寒邪所致者，用良姜二钱，香附一钱；因愤怒所致者，用香附二钱，良姜一钱；寒邪与愤怒兼有者，各用一钱五分，用米汤送服，加入姜汁一匙、少许盐。古方治疗心脾疼痛，多用良姜，寒证患者可用至二钱，热证患者也用四五分，在清热泻火的方剂中加入，取其辛温下气、止痛神效的作用。）治疗岚瘴疟疾。霍乱及腹泻痢疾。呕吐恶心。噎膈冷癖。体虚之人必须与人参、白术同用。如果单独使用或用量过大，恐怕会损伤冲和之气。产于岭南高州。用东壁土拌炒后使用。
红豆蔻（即良姜的果实）：宣通、燥湿、温暖肺脏、醒脾。
温暖肺脏、驱散寒邪。醒脾燥湿。消除食积。解酒毒。禁止使用炮制品。用法同上。
藿香：宣通、去除秽浊恶气。
味辛甘，性微温。归手太阴肺经和足太阴脾经。（肺、脾。）顺气和中。开胃止呕。去除秽浊恶气。增进饮食。治疗霍乱吐泻。心腹绞痛。上中二焦邪气停滞。（禀受清和芳烈之气，是脾肺行气的要药，《局方》中有藿香正气散，正气通畅，则邪逆自然消除。）阴虚火旺者，以及胃热或胃虚导致呕吐者，忌用。产于交州、广州一带。茎方形有节。叶子微似茄子叶。古代只用叶子，现在枝梗也使用，因为叶子多有伪劣。（冷露疮烂：藿香叶与细茶等分，烧成灰，用油调涂患处，效果良好。）
白芷：宣通、发表、祛风燥湿。
色白味辛。行入手阳明大肠经。（大肠。）性温气味浓厚，行入足阳明胃经。（胃。）芳香之气向上通达。进入手太阴肺经。（肺。）所以主治不离这三条经脉。通窍发汗。除湿散风。治疗头目昏痛。（阳明经脉环绕面部，所以治疗头面各种疾病。杨吉老的方子，将白芷用水浸泡四五遍，制成蜜丸如弹子大小，名叫都梁丸，每次服用一丸，用荆芥泡腊茶嚼服。）眉棱骨痛。（风热与痰湿，用酒浸黄芩研末，茶水送服。）牙痛。（上牙龈属足阳明经，下牙龈属手阳明经，均为二经风热所致。）鼻渊。（肺主鼻，风热侵袭肺脏，上行灼烧脑部，所以鼻涕多且浑浊而深流，经文说：脑液渗出为涕，宜同细辛、辛夷一起治疗。）眼睛痒流泪且面色晦暗无光泽。（“干”读去声，指面色黑而无气色。）瘢痕疵点。（可制作面部脂膏。）皮肤干燥瘙痒。属于三经风热的病症，以及血崩、经闭。肠风痔漏。痈疽疮疡。属于三经湿热病症。活血排脓。（肠道内有腐败脓血，淋漓腥臭，导致脐腹冷痛，必须用此药排出。）生肌止痛。解砒霜毒、蛇咬伤。（先用绳子扎住伤口，白芷能辟除蛇毒。）又治疗产后伤风。各种头痛。（从眼角上方攻冲，血虚头痛多在傍晚，宜用四物汤加辛夷、白芷；气虚头痛多在清晨，宜用川芎加倍并加人参，这是刘松石保寿堂的经验方；治疗偏正头风，白芷、川芎各三钱，搽在牛脑上，加酒煮熟，趁热吃完醉倒，病就好了。）燥性会耗伤血液。散性会损耗气机。有虚火者勿用。痈疽已经溃破，应逐渐减量。色白气香的为佳。（名叫官白芷，不香的叫水白芷。）不堪使用。微焙。当归为使药。畏旋复花。
Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum (Liangjiang): Promotes dispersion, dries dampness, warms the stomach, and disperses cold.
Pungent and hot. Warms the stomach and disperses cold. Eliminates food stagnation and resolves alcohol intoxication. Treats cold pain in the epigastrium. (Any sharp pain at a single point in the heart region, commonly called "heart pain," is not actually heart pathology but rather stagnation in the epigastrium, presence of parasites, or onset due to anger or cold. Treatment: Wash Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum seven times with wine, wash Rhizoma Cyperi (Xiangfu) seven times with vinegar, dry and powder. For cold-induced cases, use 2 qian of Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum and 1 qian of Rhizoma Cyperi; for anger-induced cases, use 2 qian of Rhizoma Cyperi and 1 qian of Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum; for combined cold and anger, use 1.5 qian of each, taken with rice water, adding one spoonful of ginger juice and a little salt. Ancient formulas treating heart-spleen pain often use Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum; for cold patterns, up to 2 qian may be used; for heat patterns, 4-5 fen is sufficient. Added to heat-clearing formulas for its pungent-warm nature to direct qi downward and provide miraculous pain relief.) Treats malarial fevers from mountainous miasmas. Cholera with vomiting and diarrhea. Nausea and retching. Dysphagia and cold masses. Deficient individuals must use it together with Radix Ginseng (Renshen) and Poria (Baizhu). If used alone or in large doses, it may damage the harmonious qi. Originates from Gaozhou in Lingnan. Stir-fried with soil from the east-facing wall.
Cardamomum Rubrum (Hongdoukou) (i.e., fruit of Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum): Promotes dispersion, dries dampness, warms the lungs, and awakens the spleen.
Warms the lungs and disperses cold. Awakens the spleen and dries dampness. Eliminates food stagnation. Resolves alcohol intoxication. Prohibited for use in processed forms. Same usage as above.
Herba Agastaches Rugosae (Huoxiang): Promotes dispersion, removes foul odors.
Pungent, sweet, and slightly warm. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian and Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian. (Lungs, Spleen.) Moves qi and harmonizes the middle jiao. Opens the stomach and stops vomiting. Removes foul odors. Promotes appetite. Treats cholera with vomiting and diarrhea. Cramping pain in the heart and abdomen. Stagnation of pathogenic factors in the Upper and Middle Jiao. (Endowed with clear, harmonious, and aromatic properties, it is an essential herb for moving qi in the Spleen and Lungs. The *Ju Fang* contains Huoxiang Zhengqi San; when upright qi flows smoothly, rebellious pathogens are naturally eliminated.) Contraindicated in Yin deficiency with hyperactive fire, and in cases of vomiting due to Stomach heat or Stomach deficiency. Originates from Jiaozhou and Guangzhou regions. The stem is square and jointed. Leaves resemble eggplant leaves slightly. Historically only leaves were used; now stems and branches are also used because leaves are often adulterated. (For cold-damp sores with ulceration: Equal parts Herba Agastaches Rugosae leaves and Camellia sinensis (Xicha), burnt to ash, mixed with oil and applied topically; effective.)
Radix Angelicae Dahuricae (Baizhi): Promotes dispersion, releases the exterior, dispels wind, and dries dampness.
White in color, pungent in taste. Enters the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian. (Large Intestine.) Warm in nature with strong aroma, enters the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. (Stomach.) Aromatic qi ascends and reaches the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. (Lungs.) Therefore, its indications do not depart from these three meridians. Opens orifices and induces sweating. Expels dampness and dispels wind. Treats dizziness and headache. (The Yangming meridian encircles the face, thus treating various facial diseases. Yang Jilao's formula: Soak Radix Angelicae Dahuricae in water four to five times, form honey pills the size of a bullet, named Duliang Wan. Take one pill per dose, chewed down with Jingjie brewed in aged tea.) Pain in the supraorbital ridge. (Wind-heat and phlegm: Soak Radix Scutellariae (Huangqin) in wine, powder, and take with tea.) Toothache. (Upper gums belong to the Foot-Yangming meridian, lower gums to the Hand-Yangming meridian; both caused by wind-heat in these two meridians.) Bi Yuan (Nasal sinusitis). (The Lungs govern the nose. Wind-heat invading the Lungs and scorching the brain causes profuse turbid nasal discharge. The classic states: "Brain fluid seeps out as nasal mucus." Treat with Radix Asari (Xixin) and Flos Magnoliae (Xinyi).) Itchy eyes with tearing and dark complexion lacking luster. ("Gan" pronounced with departing tone, referring to dark, lifeless complexion.) Skin blemishes. (Can be made into facial cosmetic paste.) Dry and itchy skin. Diseases of wind-heat affecting the three meridians. Metrorrhagia and amenorrhea. Changfeng hemorrhoids. Carbuncles and sores. Diseases of damp-heat affecting the three meridians. Invigorates blood and expels pus. (Putrid blood and pus in the intestines cause foul-smelling leakage and cold pain in the umbilical/abdominal region; this herb is required to expel them.) Generates flesh and relieves pain. Resolves arsenic poisoning and snakebites. (Tie a rope tightly around the wound site first; Radix Angelicae Dahuricae repels snakes.) Also treats postpartum wind-strike. Various types of headaches. (Pain attacking from the temple area: Blood-deficiency headache occurs mostly in the evening; use Siwu Tang plus Xin Yi and Baizhi. Qi-deficiency headache occurs mostly in the morning; use Chuanxiong doubled with Renshen. This is an empirical formula from Liu Songshi's Baoshou Tang. For lateral and frontal cephalalgia: Radix Angelicae Dahuricae and Rhizoma Chuanxiong, 3 qian each, applied to ox brain, cooked with wine, consumed hot until drunk; the disease disappears.) Drying nature consumes blood. Dispersing nature damages qi. Contraindicated in patients with deficient fire. Gradually reduce dosage if carbuncles have already ulcerated. White color and fragrant aroma are superior. (Named Guan Baizhi; non-fragrant ones are named Shui Baizhi.) Inferior quality should not be used. Lightly roasted. Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Danggui) serves as a guiding herb. Adverse reaction with Flos Inulae (Xuanfuhua).