通、利水、消食。
甘平。消食养脾胃。和中化积滞。活血止汗。利三焦。通水道。（爱竹谈薮云∶宋宁宗
为郡
王时、病淋、日夜凡三百起、国医罔措、或举孙琳治之、琳用蒸饼大蒜淡豆豉三物、捣丸、
令以温水下三十丸、日、今日进三服、病当减三之一、明日亦然、三日病除、已而果然、或
问其说、琳曰∶小儿何缘有淋、只是水道不利、三物皆能通利、故尔。）陈久者良。（小麦面
、修治食品甚多、惟蒸饼其来最古、是酵糟发成、单面所造、凡药所须、且能治疾、唯腊月
及寒食日、蒸之至皮裂、去皮悬之、风干、临用时、以水浸胀、擂烂滤过、和脾胃及三焦药
、甚易消化、且面已过性、不助湿热、其以果菜油腻诸物为馅者、不堪入药。肘后方、汤
火伤、灼馒头饼、烧存性、研末、油调涂之。）
解热和中。
甘凉。解热和中。劳热人宜煮食之。（今人多以油炒、则性热矣。一切荤素诸菜、皆宜
煮
食、若熏炙煎炒、则助火伤阴、焦者尤甚。）
利五脏、调经络。
甘凉。和五脏。调经络。醋熬成膏。消一切痈肿。汤火伤。（时珍曰∶麦粉、乃是麸面
洗面
筋、澄出浆粉、今人浆衣多用之、古方鲜用、按积善堂方云∶乌龙膏、治一切痈肿发背、无
名肿毒、初发 热未破者、取效如神、用隔年小粉、愈久者愈佳、以锅炒之、初炒如饧、久
炒则干、成黄黑色、冷定研末、陈米醋调成糊、熬如黑漆、瓷罐收之、用时摊纸上、剪孔贴
之、即如冰冷、疼痛即止、少顷觉痒、干则不能动、久而肿毒自消、药力亦尽而脱落、甚妙
、此方屡用有验、药易而功大、济生者、宜收藏之。）
通利小便，消除食积。
味甘、性平。能消食并滋养脾胃。调和中焦，化解积滞。活血并止汗。疏通三焦水道，通利小便。（《爱竹谈薮》记载：宋宁宗在做郡王时，患淋证，日夜排尿达三百次，御医们束手无策。有人推荐孙琳诊治。孙琳用蒸饼、大蒜、淡豆豉三味药，捣碎制成丸剂，让患者用温水送服三十丸。他说：“今天服用三次，病情应当减轻三分之一；明天也这样，三天后病除。”后来果然如此。有人问其中的道理，孙琳说：“小孩子怎么会得淋证？只是水道不通利罢了。这三味药都能通利，所以有效。”）陈久的品质更好。（小麦面粉，经过加工制成的食品很多，只有蒸饼的历史最悠久，它是用酒酵发酵而成，仅由面粉制作。凡是药物所需，且能治病，只有在腊月及寒食节期间，将其蒸至表皮开裂，去掉外皮悬挂起来，风干备用。临用时，用水浸泡胀大，研磨烂后过滤，与调理脾胃及三焦的药物配合使用，极易消化，而且面粉经过发酵后其偏性已去，不助长湿热。那些以水果、蔬菜、油腻之物为馅料的，不适合入药。《肘后备急方》记载治疗汤火烫伤，将烧焦的馒头或饼存留炭性，研成粉末，用油调匀涂抹患处。）
解热，调和中气。
味甘、性凉。能解热并调和中气。有虚劳发热的人适宜煮食。（现在的人多用油炒制，则性质变热了。所有的荤素菜肴，都适宜煮食，若采用熏、烤、煎、炒的方法，则会助火伤阴，烧焦的尤其严重。）
利五脏，调理经络。
味甘、性凉。调和五脏，调理经络。用醋熬制成膏。能消除各种痈肿。治疗汤火烫伤。（李时珍说：麦粉，是将麸皮和面粉在水中洗出面筋后，沉淀出的淀粉浆粉。现在人们多用来浆洗衣服，古方中很少使用。据《积善堂方》记载：乌龙膏，治疗各种痈肿、发背、无名肿毒，在初起发热未破溃时，取效如神。使用隔年的小粉（麦淀粉），越陈越好。用锅炒制，刚开始炒时像糖浆一样粘稠，久炒则变干，成为黄黑色，冷却后研成粉末，用陈米醋调成糊状，熬得像黑漆一样稠，装入瓷罐保存。用时摊在纸上，剪个孔贴在上面，感觉像冰冷一样，疼痛立即停止，一会儿觉得痒，干了就不能动，时间久了肿毒自然消散，药效也尽而脱落，非常奇妙。这个方子多次使用都有验证，药材易得而功效巨大，救人性命的医生应该收藏它。）
Promotes urination, resolves food stagnation.
Sweet and neutral in nature. Resolves food stagnation and nourishes the Spleen and Stomach. Harmonizes the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), transforms accumulation and stagnation. Invigorates Blood and stops sweating. Unblocks the Triple Energizer (San Jiao), promotes water passage and diuresis. (*Aizhu Tansou* records: When Emperor Ningzong of Song was a Prince of a Commandery, he suffered from stranguria (dysuria with frequency), urinating three hundred times day and night. The Imperial Physicians were at a loss. Someone recommended Sun Lin for treatment. Sun Lin used steamed cakes (Zhengbing), garlic, and prepared soybeans (Danshichi). These three substances were pounded into pills, to be taken with warm water, thirty pills per dose. He said, "If you take this three times today, the illness should reduce by one-third; do the same tomorrow. After three days, the illness will be cured." This indeed proved true. When asked about the rationale, Lin said, "How could a child suffer from stranguria? It is merely due to the obstruction of the water passages. All three substances can promote unblocking and diuresis, hence the effect.") Those that have been stored for a long time are superior. (Wheat flour has many processed foods made from it, but steamed cake (Zhengbing) has the longest history. It is leavened with yeast and made solely from flour. It is suitable for medicinal use and can treat diseases. It should be steamed during the twelfth lunar month or on Cold Food Festival until the skin cracks. Remove the skin, hang it up, and air-dry. Before use, soak in water until swollen, grind into a paste, filter, and combine with herbs regulating the Spleen/Stomach and Triple Energizer. It is easily digested, and since the wheat has undergone fermentation, its properties are modified so as not to aid damp-heat. Fillings made from fruits, vegetables, or greasy foods are unsuitable for medicinal use. *Zhouhou Beifang* records treating burns/scalds: charred mantou (steamed buns) or cakes are carbonized, ground into powder, mixed with oil, and applied topically.)
Resolves heat, harmonizes the Middle.
Sweet and cool in nature. Resolves heat and harmonizes the Middle Qi. Persons with deficiency-heat (consumptive fever) are advised to cook and eat it. (Currently, people often stir-fry it with oil, which makes its nature hot. All meat and vegetable dishes are best boiled; if smoked, roasted, pan-fried, or deep-fried, they aid fire and damage Yin, especially if burnt.)
Benefits the Five Zang Organs, regulates the meridians.
Sweet and cool in nature. Harmonizes the Five Zang Organs, regulates the meridians. Boiled with vinegar into a paste. Resolves all types of carbuncles and swellings. Treats burns/scalds. (Li Shizhen said: Wheat starch (Maifen) is obtained by washing bran and flour to extract gluten, then settling the starchy slurry. Nowadays, people mostly use it for sizing clothes; ancient formulas rarely used it. According to *Jishan Tang Fang*: Wulong Gao (Black Dragon Paste) treats all kinds of carbuncles, back abscesses, and unnamed swellings. For those in the initial stage with heat but not yet ulcerated, it takes effect miraculously. Use one-year-old small starch (wheat starch); the older, the better. Stir-fry in a wok: initially sticky like syrup, then dry, turning yellow-black. Grind into powder when cooled. Mix with aged rice vinegar into a paste, boil until thick like black lacquer, store in a porcelain jar. Apply by spreading on paper, cutting a hole, and pasting over the lesion. It feels cold, pain stops immediately, followed by itching. Once dry, it adheres firmly. Over time, the swelling and toxin dissipate naturally, the medicinal power exhausts, and it falls off. Very effective. This formula has been verified repeatedly; the ingredients are accessible yet the efficacy is great. Physicians saving lives should keep it in stock.)