（即旱莲草、又名金陵草。补肾。）
甘酸而寒。汁黑补肾。黑发乌须。赤痢变粪。止血。（针灸疮血不止者、敷之亦妙。）固
齿。
（擦牙。）功善益血凉血。（当及时多收、其效甚速。）纯阴之质。不益脾胃。若不同姜汁、
椒
红相兼修服者。恐腹痛作泻。苗如旋复。实似莲房。断之有汁。须臾而黑。熬膏良。（偏正
头风、用汁滴鼻中、良。）
润肺清心、泻热。
味甘。微苦微寒。润肺清心，泻热除烦。（微寒、能泻肺火。）化痰行水。（肺清则水道
下行
、故治浮肿。）生津止嗽。（午前嗽、多属胃火、午后嗽、及日经夜重者、多属阴虚、宜麦冬
五味、同滋阴药用。）治呕吐。（胃火上冲则呕、宜麦冬、又有因寒因食因痰因虚之不同。）
痿（手足缓纵曰痿 、阳明湿热上蒸于肺、肺热叶焦、发为痿 、经疏曰∶麦冬实足阳明
之正药。）客热虚劳。暑伤元气。脉绝短气。（同人参五味、名生脉散、盖心主脉、肺朝百脉
、补肺清心、则气充而脉复、故脉绝将死者、服此能复生之、夏月火旺克金、服之尤宜、东
垣曰∶人参甘温、益元气而泻虚热、麦冬苦寒、滋燥金而清水源、五味酸温、泻丙火而补庚
金、益五脏之气也。丙火小肠、庚金大肠、并主津液。）肺痿吐脓。血热妄行。经枯乳闭
。明目悦颜。性寒而润。虚寒泄泻者勿用。肥白而大者佳。去心。入滋补药。酒润（制其寒
。）或拌米炒黄。地黄、车前为使。恶款冬、苦参、青葙、木耳。忌鲫鱼。熬膏良。齿缝出
血、煎汤漱之。）
（鳢肠，即旱莲草，又名金陵草。具有补肾功效。）
味甘、酸，性寒。其汁液呈黑色，能补肾。使头发变黑，胡须变乌。治疗赤痢便血。止血。（对于针灸后伤口出血不止的情况，外敷此药效果也很好。）坚固牙齿。
（用于擦牙。）功效善于益血和凉血。（应当及时大量采收，疗效非常迅速。）属于纯阴性质的药材，不能补益脾胃。如果不与姜汁、花椒红一起炮制服用，恐怕会引起腹痛腹泻。其幼苗形状像旋覆花，果实类似莲房。折断后有汁液流出，片刻后变黑。熬制成膏剂效果良好。（治疗偏头痛或正头痛，用汁液滴入鼻中，效果很好。）
（麦门冬）
润肺清心，清热泻火。
味甘，微苦，微寒。能润肺清心，清热除烦。（因其微寒，能清泻肺火。）化痰利水。（肺气清肃则水道下行，因此能治疗浮肿。）生津止渴，缓解咳嗽。（午前咳嗽，多属胃火；午后咳嗽及夜间加重的咳嗽，多属阴虚，宜用麦冬、五味子配合滋阴药物使用。）治疗呕吐。（胃火上冲导致呕吐，宜用麦冬；此外还有因寒、因食积、因痰、因虚引起的呕吐，情况各不相同。）痿证（手足弛缓无力称为痿证，阳明经湿热上蒸于肺，导致肺热叶焦，引发痿证，《内经》疏注说：麦冬是调理足阳明经的正药。）客热（外感热邪），虚劳。暑气损伤元气。脉绝，短气。（与人参、五味子同用，名为生脉散。因为心主血脉，肺朝百脉，补肺气清心火，则气充盛而脉搏恢复，所以脉绝将死之人，服用此方能起死回生。夏季火旺克金，服用尤为适宜。李东垣说：人参甘温，补元气而泻虚热；麦冬苦寒，滋润燥金而清水源；五味子酸温，泻丙火而补庚金，能补益五脏之气。丙火指小肠，庚金指大肠，二者均主管津液。）肺痿吐脓。血热妄行导致的出血。月经枯竭，乳汁不通。明目，美容悦色。性寒而润。虚寒泄泻者禁用。以肥大洁白者为佳。去心。用于滋补药剂中。酒润（以制约其寒性）。或与米拌炒至黄色。地黄、车前子为其引经药。畏忌款冬花、苦参、青葙子、木耳。忌食鲫鱼。熬成膏剂效果好。（齿缝出血，煎汤漱口。）
(Lianchang, also known as Hanliancao or Jinlingcao. Tonifies the Kidney.)
Sweet, sour, and cold in nature. Its black juice tonifies the Kidney. Darkens hair and graying beard. Treats bloody dysentery with blood in stool. Stops bleeding. (Excellent for external application to stop bleeding from acupuncture wounds that do not cease.) Strengthens teeth.
(Used for brushing teeth.) Excels at nourishing blood and cooling blood. (Should be harvested in large quantities promptly for very rapid efficacy.) It is of a purely Yin nature and does not benefit the Spleen and Stomach. If not processed and taken together with Ginger Juice and Sichuan Pepper Red, it may cause abdominal pain and diarrhea. The seedlings resemble *Inula japonica* (Xuanfu), and the fruits resemble lotus pods. When broken, juice exudes and turns black after a moment. Boiled into an ointment, it is excellent. (For lateral or frontal headache, dripping the juice into the nose is effective.)
(Maimendong)
Moistens the Lung, clears the Heart, and drains heat.
Sweet, slightly bitter, and slightly cold in nature. Moistens the Lung and clears the Heart, drains heat and relieves irritability. (Being slightly cold, it can drain Lung Fire.) Resolves phlegm and promotes water metabolism. (When Lung Qi is clear, the water passages descend, thus treating edema.) Generates fluids, stops coughing. (Cough before noon often belongs to Stomach Fire; cough after noon or worsening at night often belongs to Yin Deficiency, suitable for using Maimendong and Wuweizi combined with Yin-nourishing herbs.) Treats vomiting. (Vomiting caused by upward rushing of Stomach Fire is suitable for Maimendong; however, there are differences due to Cold, food stagnation, phlegm, and deficiency.) Wei syndrome (flaccidity characterized by flaccid paralysis of limbs; damp-heat of the Yangming channel steams upward to the Lung, causing Lung heat and scorched leaves, leading to Wei syndrome. The *Neijing* commentary states: Maimendong is the principal herb for regulating the Foot-Yangming channel.) External heat, consumptive disease. Summerheat damaging Yuan Qi. Absent pulse, shortness of breath. (Combined with Renshen and Wuweizi, it is named Shengmai San. Since the Heart governs the vessels and the Lung faces all vessels, tonifying Lung Qi and clearing Heart Fire replenishes Qi and restores the pulse. Thus, those with absent pulse near death can recover by taking this. In summer, when Fire overacts on Metal, taking it is particularly suitable. Li Dongyuan said: Renshen is sweet and warm, tonifies Yuan Qi and drains deficient heat; Maimendong is bitter and cold, moistens dry Metal and clears the water source; Wuweizi is sour and warm, drains Bing Fire and supplements Geng Metal, benefiting the Qi of the five Zang organs. Bing Fire refers to the Small Intestine, Geng Metal refers to the Large Intestine, both governing body fluids.) Lung fei with pus expectoration. Heat in blood causing reckless bleeding. Menstrual depletion and lactation obstruction. Brightens eyes and beautifies complexion. Nature is cold and moistening. Contraindicated for those with deficient-cold diarrhea. Those that are plump, white, and large are superior. Remove the heart. Used in tonic prescriptions. Wine-moistened (to restrain its cold nature). Or stir-fried with rice until yellow. Radix Rehmanniae Preparata (Dihuang) and Plantaginis Semen (Cheqianzi) act as guiding herbs. Adverse reactions with Kuaodonghua, Sophorae Flavescentis Radix (Kushen), Celosiae Semen (Qingxiang), and Auricularia auricula-judae (Muer). Avoid eating Crucian Carp (Jiyu). Boiled into an ointment, it is good. (For bleeding from gum fissures, decoct and rinse the mouth.)