味甘凉无毒。力可催生。治湿热诸淋。功堪磨翳。（石燕出山谷中。如燕形。其腹有
纹。石类也。不过甘凉清利之功。故主治如上。色白质重属金。金能平木。故亦能退翳耳。
）
\r皂矾\pq131.bmp\r
燥湿化痰消食积。肿胀皆除。杀虫润下治疮疳。酸凉并效。（皂矾一名绿矾。烧之则
色红。故又名绛矾。其出产性味主治。皆与白矾相同。惟此矾似出斥卤之地。以其置阴湿处
。即还潮。其色青绿。而烧之则红。故能入肝家血分。平肝伐木。化积润下之功。与白矾稍
异。）
消水肿以除瘅。散瘿瘤而化积。辛咸无毒。镇坠多功。（针砂此乃作针家磨锉之细末
也。醋 用。长于平肝镇逆。肝平则脾不受克。积聚水肿黄瘅。皆可治也。醋 醋调敷瘤。
渐渐敛小。甚效。）
（李时珍曰。土者。五行之主。坤之体也。具五色而以黄为正色。备五味而以甘为正味。
是以禹贡辨九州之土色。周官辨十二壤之土性。其为德至柔而刚。至静有常。生万物而不与。
化
味辛散逆以和中。治带疗崩。呕家圣药。质燥温脾而暖胃。敷痈解魇。远血良方。
（伏龙肝即灶心土。须对釜脐下经火久炼而成形者。具土之质。得火之性。化柔为刚。
味兼
辛苦。其功专入脾胃。有扶阳退阴散结除邪之意。凡诸血病。由脾胃阳虚而不能统摄者。皆
可用之。金匮黄土汤即此意。）
味甘、性凉，无毒。具有催生的功效。治疗湿热引起的各种淋证。能够消除眼翳。（石燕产于山谷之中，形状像燕子，腹部有纹理，属于石类。不过具有甘凉清利的功效，所以主治如上所述。颜色白、质地重，属金，金能平抑肝木，所以也能退除眼翳。）
皂矾
燥湿化痰，消除食积。肿胀都能去除。杀虫润下，治疗疮疳。酸凉两效。（皂矾又名绿矾，烧过后颜色变红，所以又名绛矾。其出产地、性味和主治，都与白矾相同。只是这种矾似乎产出于盐碱之地，因为它放在阴湿处，就会返潮。颜色青绿，烧过后变红，所以能入肝经血分，平肝伐木，化积润下的功效，与白矾稍有不同。）
消水肿以消除黄疸。散瘿瘤而化解积聚。辛咸，无毒。镇坠作用多功。（针砂这是制针工匠磨锉的细末。用醋淬后使用，长于平肝镇逆。肝气平和则脾脏不受克制，积聚、水肿、黄瘅，都可以治疗。用醋调敷在瘤上，渐渐收敛变小，非常有效。）
（李时珍说：土，是五行的主宰，坤卦的本体。具备五色而以黄色为正色。具备五味而以甘味为正味。因此《禹贡》辨别九州的土壤颜色，《周礼·考工记》辨别十二种土壤的性质。它的德性至柔而刚，至静而有常道，生养万物而不居功。）
味辛，能散逆气以调和脾胃。治疗带下、疗疮、崩漏。是呕吐患者的圣药。质地燥，温脾暖胃。敷贴痈肿，解除魇梦。是治疗远血的良好方剂。（伏龙肝即灶心土，必须是对着锅底中心经过火长久冶炼而成形的。具备土的质地，得到火的性质，化柔为刚。味道兼有辛和苦。其功效专入脾胃，有扶助阳气、退除阴邪、散结除邪的意思。凡是各种血病，由于脾胃阳虚而不能统摄血液的，都可以使用它。《金匮要略》中的黄土汤就是基于这个意思。）
Taste is sweet, nature is cool, non-toxic. It has the power to facilitate childbirth. It treats various strangury (strangury) caused by damp-heat. Its merit can grind away nebula (nebula). (Shiyan [Stone Swallow] grows in mountain valleys. It resembles a swallow in shape and has patterns on its belly; it belongs to the stone category. It merely possesses the merit of being sweet, cool, clear, and draining, hence its indications are as described above. Its color is white and texture heavy, corresponding to Metal. Metal can subdue Wood, thus it can also eliminate nebula.)
Zaofan [Green Vitriol]
Dries dampness, transforms phlegm, and eliminates food stagnation. Distension and swelling are all removed. Kills parasites, moistens and purges, treating sores and trachoma. Both sour and cool properties are effective. (Zaofan is another name for Lüfan [Green Vitriol]. When calcined, its color turns red, hence it is also called Jiangfan [Red Vitriol]. Its place of origin, nature, taste, and indications are all the same as Bai Fan [White Alum]. However, this alum seems to originate from saline-alkali lands, as it becomes moist when placed in damp places. Its color is greenish-blue, and it turns red when calcined, thus it can enter the Blood aspect of the Liver channel, soothe the Liver, subdue Wood, transform accumulation, and moisten/purge. Its efficacy differs slightly from Bai Fan.)
Eliminates edema to remove jaundice. Scatters goiter and masses, transforming accumulation. Pungent and salty, non-toxic. Has many effects in anchoring and descending. (Zhensha [Needle Sand] is the fine powder produced by grinding and filing during needle making. It is quenched in vinegar. It excels at soothing the Liver and anchoring rebellious Qi. When the Liver is peaceful, the Spleen is not overcontrolled, and accumulation, edema, and yellow jaundice can all be treated. Mixed with vinegar and applied topically to tumors, they gradually shrink, which is very effective.)
(Li Shizhen said: Earth is the master of the Five Phases, the substance of Kun. It possesses five colors but takes yellow as the primary color. It possesses five flavors but takes sweet as the primary flavor. Therefore, *Yu Gong* distinguishes the soil colors of the nine provinces, and *Zhou Li* distinguishes the soil natures of twelve types. Its virtue is extremely soft yet firm, extremely quiet yet constant, generating all things without claiming credit.)
Taste is pungent, disperses rebellious Qi to harmonize the Middle Jiao. Treats leukorrhea, sores, and metrorrhagia. It is the sacred medicine for vomiting patients. Texture is dry, warms the Spleen and warms the Stomach. Applied externally for carbuncles, resolves nightmares. It is an excellent prescription for distant bleeding. (Fulonggan [Kitchen Hearth Earth] is earth from the center of the stove bottom that has been formed after long exposure to fire. It possesses the quality of Earth and obtains the nature of Fire, transforming softness into hardness. Its taste combines pungent and bitter. Its action specifically enters the Spleen and Stomach, embodying the intent to support Yang, dispel Yin, dissipate nodules, and eliminate pathogens. All blood diseases caused by deficiency of Spleen and Stomach Yang failing to control blood can use it. *Huangtu Tang* [Yellow Earth Decoction] in *Jin Gui Yao Lue* is based on this principle.)