\r青葙子\pq33.bmp\r
青碧入肝疗目疾。苦寒退热治风淫。（青葙子一名草决明。即野鸡冠子。本经列之
下品。但其主治仅有唇口青三字。然唇口属脾。青色属肝。显系肝邪侮土之象。况此物性寒
。其子青碧色而成于秋。宜其能清肝火治目疾也。青葙子只可治目疾之因热邪者。属虚者不
宜用。不若决明子之兼有补性也。）
\r紫草\pq34a1.bmp\r
透肌凉血。甘寒咸滑相兼。宣窍通肠。包络肝经并入。若或痘疮热结。清心下导于二
肠。即使毒滞瘀凝。解里外松夫肌表。（紫草味甘咸而寒。入手足厥阴血分。凉血活血。通
水道。利大肠。性极寒滑。故痘疹不出。由于血热便闭者。宜之。阳虚便溏者。不可浪投。
紫草三月下子。九月子熟。有藤色紫取苗用。即紫草茸也。故又能松肌解表。）
\r土牛膝根\pq34a.bmp\r
生汁灌冲。可吐风痰喉闭。煎汤饮服。能除结热瘀留。入胃腑。味则辛苦而寒。
有小毒。功可泻热散肿。子名鹤虱同前性。治主驱虫独见长。（土牛膝根苦辛而寒。有小毒
。入胃。功专破血下降。煎服与怀牛膝同功。而无补性。生捣汁服。能大吐风痰。其渣和醋
调敷肿处。治喉风等证大效。鹤虱即其子也。性味相同。杀虫之功最优。或炒香为末。肉汁
和服。又名臭花娘草。土牛膝即其根也。生升熟降。皆以散泻为用。亦瞑眩之药。其子如虱
有毛刺。善黏人衣。闻之有狐气。比根叶为尤盛。杀虫之外。无他长耳。）
青葙子
青色入肝经，治疗眼部疾病。苦寒之性可退热，治疗风邪过盛。（青葙子又名草决明，即野鸡冠子的种子。《神农本草经》将其列为下品，但其主治功效仅记载有“唇口青”三个字。然而嘴唇和舌头属于脾脏，青色对应肝脏，这显然是肝木邪气克制脾土的征象。况且此物性质寒凉，其种子呈青碧色且成熟于秋季，适宜用来清泻肝火、治疗眼部疾病。青葙子只适用于因热邪引起的眼疾，属于虚证的不宜使用，不如决明子兼具补益作用。）
紫草
能透达肌表，凉血止血。味甘、性寒、味咸而滑利。宣通窍道，通畅肠道，归入手厥阴心包经和足厥阴肝经。如果是痘疮热毒内结，可清心火并向下引导至大小肠。即使是有毒邪停滞、瘀血凝结的情况，也能解除里外的郁滞，使肌表松弛舒缓。（紫草味甘咸而性寒，进入手足厥阴经的血分，具有凉血活血、通利水道、通利大肠的功效。其性质极寒滑利，因此对于因血热导致的大便闭塞、痘疹不能透发的情况，适宜使用。若是阳虚导致大便溏泄者，不可随意投用。紫草在三月播种，九月果实成熟。有一种藤本植物颜色发紫，取其苗使用，即为紫草茸。所以它又能松解肌表、发散表邪。）
土牛膝根
生汁灌服或冲服，可以催吐风痰，治疗喉部闭塞；煎汤服用，能清除结聚的热邪和留滞的瘀血。入胃腑，味道辛苦而性寒，有小毒。功效可泻热散肿。其子名为鹤虱，性质相同，在治疗驱虫方面尤为擅长。（土牛膝根味苦辛而性寒，有小毒，入胃经。功效专于破血下行，煎煮服用与怀牛膝功效相同，但没有补益作用。生捣取汁服用，能引起剧烈呕吐以排出风痰。其药渣加醋调匀外敷肿胀处，治疗喉风等病症效果显著。鹤虱就是它的种子，性味相同，杀虫功效最优。或者炒香研末，用肉汁送服。又名臭花娘草，土牛膝即为其根部。生用升散，熟用降泄，都以疏散泻实为用途，也属于瞑眩类药物（服药后出现剧烈反应以驱除病邪的药物）。其种子像虱子一样有毛刺，善于黏附人的衣物，闻起来有狐臭味，比根叶更为浓烈。除了杀虫之外，没有其他特长。）
Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen)
The green color enters the Liver meridian to treat eye diseases. Its bitter and cold nature reduces fever and treats excess Wind pathogens. (Qingxiangzi, also known as Caojueming [Cassiae Semen], is the seed of the wild cockscomb. It is listed in the Lower Grade of the *Shennong Bencao Jing*, where its indications are limited to "blue lips and mouth." However, the lips and tongue belong to the Spleen, while the color green corresponds to the Liver, indicating a pattern of Liver pathogenic factors overacting on the Earth element. Furthermore, since this herb is cold in nature, and its seeds are green-blue and mature in autumn, it is suitable for clearing Liver fire and treating eye diseases. Qingxiangzi is only suitable for eye diseases caused by heat pathogens; it should not be used for deficiency patterns, unlike Juemingzi [Cassiae Semen], which possesses tonifying properties.)
Zicao (Arnebiae Radix et Rhizoma / Lithospermi Radix)
It penetrates the muscle layer and cools the blood. It combines sweet, cold, salty, and slippery properties. It opens orifices and unblocks the intestines, entering the Pericardium meridian and the Liver meridian. If there is heat accumulation in smallpox/rash eruptions, it clears Heart fire and directs it downward into the Large and Small Intestines. Even if toxic stagnation and blood stasis congeal, it resolves internal and external constraints, relaxing the muscle layer. (Zicao is sweet, salty, and cold, entering the Blood aspect of the Foot and Hand Jueyin meridians. It cools the blood, invigorates blood circulation, unblocks water passages, and benefits the Large Intestine. Its nature is extremely cold and slippery; therefore, it is indicated for cases where rash eruptions fail to emerge due to blood heat and constipation. It should not be indiscriminately administered to patients with Yang deficiency and loose stools. Zicao is sown in March and matures in September. A vine-like plant with purple color, using its seedling, is known as Zicaorong [Arnebiae Radix]. Thus, it can also relax the muscle layer and release the exterior.)
Tuniuxigen (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix)
Administered raw juice orally or flushed, it can induce vomiting of Wind-phlegm and treat throat obstruction. Taken as a decoction, it eliminates accumulated heat and lingering blood stasis. It enters the Stomach fu-organ. Its taste is pungent and bitter, and its nature is cold, with slight toxicity. Its functions include purging heat and dissipating swelling. Its seed is named Heshi [Daphne Genkwa Flower / Carpesii Fructus depending on context, here referring to Achyranthes seed], sharing the same nature, and excels specifically in expelling parasites. (Tuniuxigen is bitter, pungent, and cold, with slight toxicity, entering the Stomach meridian. Its function specializes in breaking blood stasis and directing flow downward. Decocted and taken internally, it has the same efficacy as Huainiuxi [Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix] but lacks tonifying properties. Raw crushed juice induces severe vomiting to expel Wind-phlegm. The dregs mixed with vinegar applied externally to swollen areas are highly effective for treating throat wind and similar conditions. Heshi refers to its seed, possessing the same nature and flavor, with superior vermifuge effects. It may be fried until fragrant, powdered, and taken with meat broth. Also known as Chouhuaniangcao [Stinking Flower Lady Grass], Tuniuxigen is its root. Raw use ascends and disperses, cooked use descends and purges; both utilize dispersing and draining actions. It is also considered a Mingxuan medicine [a drug causing adverse reactions to cure disease]. Its seeds resemble lice with bristles, adhering strongly to clothing, and have a strong fox-like odor, more so than the roots and leaves. Aside from killing parasites, it has no other significant merits.)