无毒
牛乳主补虚羸止渴（名医所录）【地】〔唐本注云〕 牛水牛南北皆有之 牛乳为佳而不
用新饮者水牛乳造石蜜须用之及作酪浓浓味胜于 牛也【时】〔生〕无时〔采〕无时【收】
瓷器收贮【色】白【味】甘【性】微寒【气】气之薄者阳中之阴【臭】膻【主】止渴润燥【制】
凡使乳必煮一二沸停冷啜之热食即壅【治】〔疗〕〔日华子云〕黄牛乳髓润皮肤养心肺解热
毒〔陈藏器云〕下热气止渴〔别录云〕除胃中热心脾中热下焦虚冷小便多渐羸瘦〔补〕〔别
录云〕补虚羸【合治】合酥煎数沸待冷服去冷气 癖羸瘦○合姜汁银石器中煎数沸服治小儿
烦热秽【禁】熟饮令人口干患冷气人不宜服之 牛乳生饮令人利【忌】与生鱼食之则作瘕与
酸物同食令人腹中结症【解】热毒
无毒
酥补五脏利大肠主口疮（名医所录）【地】〔陶隐居云〕出外国亦从益州来今南北皆有之
是牛羊乳而成作之自有法盖酪成于乳酥成于酪堪作饼食之甚肥甘〔唐本注云〕酥掏（他劳切）
酪作之其性犹与酪异然有牛酥羊酥而牛酥甚于羊酥其 （音茅）牛复优于家牛也【时】〔生〕
无时〔采〕无时【收】瓷器盛贮【用】冬月取者佳【色】白【味】甘【性】微寒【气】气之
薄者阳中之阴【臭】膻【主】益心肺润毛发【治】〔疗〕〔日华子云〕酥止渴及嗽除肺痿心热
并吐血〔孟诜云〕除胸中热利肠胃〔别录云〕敷蜂螫【合治】合诸膏摩风肿 趺血瘀○合盐
敷恶虫咬
【毛虫】
无毒。
牛乳：主要功效为补益虚损消瘦，止渴（此条目由名医记录）。【产地】〔唐本草注云〕：水牛和黄牛南北各地都有。牛乳以最佳品质者为宜，但不使用新挤出的乳汁直接饮用；制作石蜜必须用水牛乳；制作酪时，浓度越高味道越胜过牛乳。【采收】〔生长〕无固定时节；〔采集〕无固定时节。【贮藏】用瓷器收存密封。【色泽】白色。【味道】甘。【性质】微寒。【气味】气味淡薄，属阳中之阴。【气味特征】膻味。【主治】止渴，润燥。【炮制】凡是使用乳汁，必须煮沸一至两沸，冷却后饮用。若热食则会导致气机壅滞。【疗效】〔日华子云〕：黄牛乳髓能滋润皮肤，养护心肺，解除热毒。〔陈藏器云〕：降下热气，止渴。〔别录云〕：清除胃中热、心脾中热，治疗下焦虚冷导致的小便频多、逐渐消瘦。【补益】〔别录云〕：补益虚损消瘦。【配伍治疗】与酥同煎，煮沸数沸，待冷却后服用，可去除冷气、癖积、消瘦。○与姜汁在银石器中同煎，煮沸数沸后服用，可治疗小儿烦热、秽浊。【禁忌】熟饮会使人口干，患有冷气的人不宜服用。生饮牛乳会导致腹泻。【忌口】与生鱼同食会形成瘕块；与酸性食物同食会导致腹中结成症块。【解毒】解热毒。
【酥】
无毒。
酥：主要功效为补益五脏，通利大肠，主治口疮（此条目由名医记录）。【产地】〔陶隐居云〕：产自外国，也来自益州，如今南北各地都有。它是用牛羊乳制成的，自有其制作方法，大概是酪由乳制成，酥由酪制成，可以用来做饼食用，非常肥美甘甜。〔唐本草注云〕：酥（音tāo）是由酪提炼而成的，其性质虽然与酪不同，但有牛酥和羊酥之分，其中牛酥优于羊酥，牦牛的酥又优于家牛的酥。【采收】〔生长〕无固定时节；〔采集〕无固定时节。【贮藏】用瓷器盛放密封。【用法】冬季取用的为佳。【色泽】白色。【味道】甘。【性质】微寒。【气味】气味淡薄，属阳中之阴。【气味特征】膻味。【主治】益心肺，润泽毛发。【疗效】〔疗〕〔日华子云〕：酥能止渴及咳嗽，除肺痿、心热以及吐血。〔孟诜云〕：清除胸中热，通利肠胃。〔别录云〕：外敷治疗蜂螫伤。【配伍治疗】与其他膏药混合，摩涂于风肿处，或用于跌打损伤导致的瘀血。○与盐混合外敷，治疗恶虫咬伤。
[Mao Chong]
Non-toxic.
Bovine Milk: Mainly used to tonify deficiency and emaciation, and to relieve thirst (recorded by famous physicians). [Origin] [Tang Bencao Annotation]: Both water buffalo and cattle are found in the north and south. Bovine milk is best when of high quality, but fresh milk should not be drunk immediately; water buffalo milk is required for making rock sugar; for making curd, the thicker the concentration, the better the flavor compared to cow's milk. [Harvesting] [Growth]: No specific season; [Collection]: No specific season. [Storage]: Store in porcelain vessels. [Color]: White. [Taste]: Sweet. [Nature]: Slightly cold. [Qi Character]: Thin qi, Yin within Yang. [Odor]: Rank. [Indications]: Relieves thirst, moistens dryness. [Processing]: When using milk, it must be boiled for one or two boils, cooled down, and then consumed. Consuming it hot causes Qi stagnation. [Therapeutic Effects] [Ri Hua Zi said]: Yellow cow's milk marrow moistens the skin, nourishes the Heart and Lungs, and resolves heat toxins. [Chen Cangqi said]: Descends heat, relieves thirst. [Bie Lu said]: Clears heat in the Stomach, Heart, and Spleen; treats frequent urination and gradual emaciation due to deficiency-cold in the Lower Jiao. [Tonification] [Bie Lu said]: Tonifies deficiency and emaciation. [Combined Therapies]: Boil with butter (Su) for several boils, let cool, and take to expel cold Qi, Pi accumulation, and emaciation. ○ Boil with ginger juice in silver or porcelain vessels for several boils and take to treat pediatric irritant heat and turbidity. [Contraindications]: Drinking cooked milk causes dry mouth; those with cold conditions should not consume it. Drinking raw milk causes diarrhea. [Dietary Taboos]: Eating with raw fish forms Jia masses; eating with sour foods causes Zheng masses in the abdomen. [Detoxification]: Resolves heat toxins.
[Su / Butter/Ghee]
Non-toxic.
Su: Mainly used to tonify the Five Zang Organs, benefit the Large Intestine, and treat mouth ulcers (recorded by famous physicians). [Origin] [Tao Hongjing said]: Originates from foreign lands and also comes from Yizhou; now available in both north and south. It is made from sheep or cow milk through a specific method: Curd is made from milk, and Su is made from curd. It can be used to make cakes, very rich and sweet. [Tang Bencao Annotation]: Su (pronounced tāo) is extracted from curd. Its nature differs from curd, yet there are cow Su and sheep Su; cow Su is superior to sheep Su, and yak Su is superior to domestic cow Su. [Harvesting] [Growth]: No specific season; [Collection]: No specific season. [Storage]: Store in porcelain vessels. [Usage]: Those harvested in winter are best. [Color]: White. [Taste]: Sweet. [Nature]: Slightly cold. [Qi Character]: Thin qi, Yin within Yang. [Odor]: Rank. [Indications]: Benefits the Heart and Lungs, moistens hair and skin. [Therapeutic Effects] [Liao] [Ri Hua Zi said]: Su stops thirst and cough, clears Lung Wei, Heart heat, and hemoptysis. [Meng Shen said]: Clears chest heat, benefits the intestines and stomach. [Bie Lu said]: Applied externally to treat bee stings. [Combined Therapities]: Mixed with other plasters and massaged onto wind-induced swelling, or for traumatic blood stasis. ○ Mixed with salt and applied externally to treat bites from venomous insects.