有毒 石生
石（出神农本经）主寒热鼠 蚀疮死肌风痹腹中坚癖邪气（以上朱字神农本经）除热
明目
下气除膈中热止消渴益肝气破积聚痼冷腹痛去鼻中息肉火炼百日服一刀圭（以上黑字名医所
录）【名】青分石 食盐 立制石 鼠乡 太白石 泽乳 固羊石 白 玉【地】（图经曰）
生汉中山谷及少室今潞州亦有焉其性大热置水中令水不冰质坚而能拒火烧之一日夕但解散而
不夺其坚市人多取洁白细理石当之烧即为灰也此石惟攻击积聚痼冷之病亦能柔金真者乃佳
（唐本注云）今汉川武当西辽 名 石谷此即是其真出处少室亦有粒细理不如汉中者入药必
须
锻炼盖其有毒故也【时】（采）十二月取【收】瓷器盛贮【质】类晋矾【色】白【味】辛甘
【性】
大热生温熟热【气】气味俱浓阳也【臭】朽【主】消积聚除风冷【助】得火良棘针铅丹为之
使【反】畏水恶马目毒公 屎虎掌细辛【制】火 研细水飞用【治】（疗）（图经曰）治冷积
聚
（药性论云）除胸膈间积气去冷湿风痹瘙痒皆积年者（衍义曰）消久积及久病胸腹冷【合治】
石炼合干姜桂心皂荚桔梗各三两附子二两蜜丸桐子大服五丸疗寒冷百病【禁】久服令人筋
挛不炼服之则杀人及百兽【忌】羊血
大青附砒黄 土生
砒霜主诸疟风痰在胸膈可作吐药（名医所录）【地】（图经曰）旧本不着所出郡县今近铜
山
处亦有之惟信州者佳其块甚有大者色如鹅子黄明彻不杂此种甚难得每一两大块者人竞珍重市
之不啻金价古服食方必得此种乃可入药其市肆所蓄片如细屑亦夹土石入药服之为害不浅（衍
义曰）今信州凿坑井下取之其坑官常封锁甚严坑中有浊渌水先绞水尽然后下凿取生砒谓之砒
黄其色如牛肉或有淡白路谓石非石谓土非土治病虽有功不可造次服也取砒之法将生砒就置火
上以器覆之令砒烟上飞着覆器遂凝结累然下垂如乳尖长者为胜平短者次之图经云大块者其大
块是下等片如细屑者极下也入药当用如乳尖长者佳（别录云）初取飞烧霜时人在上风十余丈
外
立下风所近草木皆死又多见以和饭毒鼠若猫犬食死鼠者亦死其毒猛于射罔远矣【时】（生）
无
时（采）无时【用】如乳尖长者佳【色】黄白【味】苦酸【性】泄【气】味浓于气阴中之阳
【臭】
臭【主】诸疟【反】畏绿豆冷水醋【制】（雷公云）凡使用小瓷瓶子盛后入紫背天葵石龙芮
二
味三件便下火 从巳至申便用甘草水浸从申至子出拭干入瓶盛于火中 别研三万下用之
【治】（疗）（日华子云）砒霜除妇人血气冲心痛落胎○砒黄祛疟疾肾气带辟蚤虱（别录云）
砒霜
疗卒中风昏 若醉痰涎壅○四肢不收用如绿豆大研以新汲水调下少许用热水投大吐即愈【合
治】末二两合胶清涂之治毒蛇尿草木着人似刺札便肿痛肉烂若手脚着之节即堕落○砒黄一钱
合麝香半钱研细先用纸条子以生油涂之后掺药末在上少用末剪作小纸片棋子大看大小用插在
烂动处治小儿牙宣常有鲜血不止牙龈臭烂○信州砒黄细研合浓墨汁丸如桐子大于铫子内炒令
干后用竹筒子盛要用如所患处灸破或针将药半丸敲碎贴之以自然蚀落为度觉药尽更贴少许疗
瘰【禁】不可轻服能伤人妊妇不可服【解】误中其毒以冷水研绿豆将饮之及得石脑油即伏
有毒，产于石中。
石（出自《神农本草经》）主治寒热、鼠瘘、蚀疮、死肌、风痹、腹中坚积痞块及邪气。（以上为朱笔标注，源自《神农本草经》）清热，明目，下气，消除膈间热，止消渴，补益肝气，破除积聚，治疗顽固性冷痛，去除鼻中息肉。（以上为黑字标注，源自名医记录）经火炼百日服用，每次一刀圭的量。（以上为黑字标注，源自名医记录）【名称】青分石、食盐、立制石、鼠乡、太白石、泽乳、固羊石、白玉。【产地】（《图经本草》记载）产于汉中山谷及少室山，如今潞州也有出产。其性质大热，放入水中能使水不结冰，质地坚硬且能抵御火烧，烧上一天一夜只是解散而不失其坚硬。市场上许多人取洁白细纹理的石头来冒充它，烧后就会变成灰烬。这种石头只适用于攻伐积聚和顽固性冷痛的疾病，也能软化金属，真正的才算是佳品。（《唐本草》注云）如今汉川武当山西边的辽石谷，就是它的真正产地；少室山也有出产，但颗粒细密程度不如汉中地区的。入药必须经过锻炼，因为它有毒性。【采集时间】（采）十二月采收。【贮藏】用瓷器盛放贮存。【质地】类似晋矾。【颜色】白色。【味道】辛、甘。【药性】生用时温，熟用时大热。【气味】气味都浓厚，属阳。【气味特征】有腐朽味。【主要功效】消散积聚，祛除风冷。【配伍辅助】得火则良，棘针、铅丹为其使药。【相反/禁忌】畏水，恶马目毒公屎、虎掌、细辛。【炮制】火煅后研细，用水飞法处理。【治疗】（疗）（《图经本草》记载）治疗冷积聚。（《药性论》记载）消除胸膈间的积气，祛除冷湿风痹瘙痒，这些都是多年陈疾。（《衍义》记载）消除久积及久病导致的胸腹寒冷。【合治方】石炼后与干姜、桂心、皂荚、桔梗各三两，附子二两，制成蜜丸，如梧桐子大，每次服五丸，治疗寒冷引起的各种疾病。【禁忌】长期服用会导致筋脉挛缩，不经过炮制服用则会致人死亡及百兽死亡。【饮食禁忌】忌食羊血。
大青附砒黄 土生
砒霜主治各种疟疾，胸膈间的风痰，可作为催吐药使用。（名医记录）【产地】（《图经本草》记载）旧版本草未注明所出郡县，如今在靠近铜山的地方也有出产，只有信州的最好。其块状很大，有的像鹅蛋一样大，颜色像鹅子黄，明亮透彻且不混杂杂质。这种品质非常难得，每一两大块的被人竞相珍重，市场价格不止金价。古代服食方剂必须得到这种才能入药。市面上售卖的片状如细屑者，也夹杂土石入药，服用危害不小。（《衍义》记载）如今信州凿坑井下开采。坑口官府经常封锁得很严密。坑中有浑浊的水，先绞尽水分然后向下开凿取出生的砒，称为砒黄。其颜色像牛肉，或者有淡白色的纹路，说是石头不像石头，说是泥土不像泥土。治病虽有功效，不可轻易服用。取砒的方法是：将生砒放在火上，用器皿覆盖，让砒烟上升附着在覆盖的器皿上，于是凝结成串下垂如乳汁状，尖长的为佳，平短的次之。《图经本草》说大块的是下等，片状如细屑的是极下等。入药应当选用如乳汁尖长状的为佳。（《别录》记载）初取飞烧成霜时，人要在上风处十余丈外，下风处的草木都会枯死。又常见有人用它拌饭毒杀老鼠，如果猫狗吃了毒死的老鼠也会死亡。其毒性猛烈超过射罔远矣。【生长/采集时间】（生）无固定时间。（采）无固定时间。【药用部位】以如乳汁尖长状者为佳。【颜色】黄白色。【味道】苦、酸。【药性】泄。【气味】味浓于气，属阴中之阳。【气味特征】臭。【主要功效】治疗各种疟疾。【相反/禁忌】畏绿豆、冷水、醋。【炮制】（雷公记载）凡使用，用小瓷瓶盛装，后加入紫背天葵、石龙芮两味药，三件一起下火煅，从巳时至申时用甘草水浸泡，从申时至子时取出，擦干放入瓶中，在火中煅烧，另外研磨三万次后使用。【治疗】（疗）（《日华子诸家本草》记载）砒霜可消除妇人血气冲心痛，堕胎。○砒黄可祛疟疾，肾气带，辟除蚤虱。（《别录》记载）砒霜治疗突然中风昏厥，如同醉酒般痰涎壅盛。○四肢不能收摄，用量如绿豆大，研碎后用新汲水调服少许，再用热水送服，大吐后即痊愈。【合治方】末药二两与胶清混合涂抹，治疗毒蛇咬伤或草木刺入人体似刺札般肿痛、肉烂的情况，若手脚被刺入，关节即会脱落。○砒黄一钱与麝香半钱研细，先用纸条蘸生油涂抹，然后将药末撒在上面，剪成小纸片如棋子大小，视患处大小插入腐烂活动处，治疗小儿牙宣常有鲜血不止、牙龈臭烂。○信州砒黄细研后与浓墨汁混合，制成如梧桐子大的丸药，在铫子内炒干后，用竹筒盛装。使用时，如在患处灸破或针刺，将药半丸敲碎贴敷，以自然腐蚀脱落为度，感觉药效尽了再贴少许，治疗瘰疬。【禁忌】不可轻服，能伤人，孕妇不可服用。【解毒】误中其毒，用冷水研磨绿豆饮用，以及服用石脑油即可缓解。
Toxic. Grows in stones.
Shi (Source: *Shennong Bencao Jing*) treats chills and fever, scrofula (lymphatic tuberculosis), ulcerating sores, necrotic tissue, wind-bi syndrome, hard masses in the abdomen, and pathogenic factors. (The above are annotated in red ink, sourced from *Shennong Bencao Jing*). Clears heat, brightens the eyes, directs Qi downward, eliminates heat in the diaphragm, stops thirst due to consumption, benefits Liver Qi, breaks up accumulations, treats stubborn cold pain, and removes nasal polyps. (The above are annotated in black ink, recorded by famous physicians). After being calcined by fire for one hundred days, take one Dao Gui dose. (The above are annotated in black ink, recorded by famous physicians). [Names] Qingfen Shi, Shiyanshi, Lizhi Shi, Shuxiang, Taibai Shi, Zerou, Guyangshi, Baiyu. [Origin] (*Tujing* states) It grows in the valleys of Hanzhong and Mount Shaoshi; currently, it is also found in Luzhou. Its nature is extremely hot; when placed in water, it prevents the water from freezing. Its texture is hard and resistant to fire; after burning for a day and night, it disintegrates but retains its hardness. Many people in the market use white, fine-grained stones to counterfeit it, which turn to ash when burned. This stone is only effective for attacking accumulations and stubborn cold diseases; it can also soften metal. Only the genuine variety is excellent. (*Tangben Cao* notes) Currently, the Lishi Valley west of Wudang in Hanchuan is its true source; Mount Shaoshi also produces it, but the grains are finer and the texture better than those in Hanzhong. For medicinal use, it must be processed because it is toxic. [Harvest Time] (Harvest) Collected in the twelfth lunar month. [Storage] Stored in porcelain vessels. [Texture] Similar to Jin Fan (alum). [Color] White. [Flavor] Pungent, Sweet. [Nature] Warm when raw, extremely hot when processed. [Qi and Flavor] Both Qi and flavor are dense; belongs to Yang. [Odor] Rotten odor. [Main Actions] Dissolves accumulations, expels wind-cold. [Synergies] Benefits from fire; Ji Zhen (Spiny Needle), Qiandan (Lead Oxide) act as guides. [Incompatibilities] Feared by water; disliked by Ma Mu Du Gong Shi (Horse Eye Poisonous Public Excrement), Huzhang (Aconitum carmichaelii root side product), Xixin (Asarum). [Processing] Calcined by fire, ground into fine powder, and purified by water levigation. [Therapeutics] (Treatment) (*Tujing* states) Treats cold accumulations. (*Yaoxing Lun* states) Eliminates accumulated Qi in the chest and diaphragm, expels cold-damp wind-bi and itching, which are often chronic conditions lasting years. (*Yanyi* states) Dissolves long-standing accumulations and cold in the chest and abdomen caused by chronic illness. [Combined Formulas] After processing Shi, combine with Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig), Zaojiao (Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root) each at 3 liang, and Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) at 2 liang. Make honey pills the size of tung tree seeds. Take 5 pills per dose to treat various diseases caused by cold. [Contraindications] Long-term use causes tendon contraction; unprocessed ingestion is fatal to humans and all beasts. [Dietary Taboos] Avoid mutton blood.
Daqing Fu Pi Huang Grows in soil.
Pishuang (Arsenic Trioxide) treats various types of malaria and wind-phlegm in the chest and diaphragm; it can be used as an emetic. (Recorded by famous physicians). [Origin] (*Tujing* states) Old editions do not specify the commanderies or counties of origin. Currently, it is found near Tongshan, but the best comes from Xinzhou. The lumps are very large, some as big as goose eggs, colored like goose yolk yellow, bright and clear without impurities. This type is extremely rare; every da (unit of weight) of large pieces is highly prized, with market prices exceeding that of gold. Ancient elixir formulas required this specific type for medicinal use. Pieces sold in markets that are thin flakes like fine dust often contain mixed earth and stones; ingesting them causes significant harm. (*Yanyi* states) Currently, Xinzhou mines it from underground pits. The pit entrances are strictly sealed by officials. There is turbid water in the pit; the water is first wrung out/drawn off, then digging proceeds to extract raw arsenic, called Pi Huang. Its color resembles beef, or has pale white veins. It is neither stone nor soil. Although it has therapeutic merit, it must not be taken casually. The method for extracting arsenic: Place raw arsenic over fire, cover with a vessel, allowing arsenic fumes to rise and condense on the inverted vessel, forming droplets hanging down like milk. Those with pointed tips are superior; flat and short ones are inferior. *Tujing* states large blocks are lower grade, while flakes like fine dust are the lowest grade. For medicinal use, select those resembling pointed milk droplets. (*Bielu* states) When initially sublimated into frost, people must stay more than ten zhang upwind; vegetation downwind dies instantly. Also, it is commonly seen used mixed with rice to poison rats; if cats or dogs eat these poisoned rats, they also die. Its toxicity is far more fierce than She Wang (Veratrum alkaloid poison). [Growth/Harvest Time] (Growth) No fixed time. (Harvest) No fixed time. [Medicinal Part] Those resembling pointed milk droplets are superior. [Color] Yellow-white. [Flavor] Bitter, Sour. [Nature] Draining/Purgative. [Qi and Flavor] Flavor is denser than Qi; belongs to Yin within Yang. [Odor] Odorous. [Main Actions] Treats various malaria. [Incompatibilities] Feared by Moutou Dou (Mung Bean), cold water, vinegar. [Processing] (*Leigong* states) For use, place in a small porcelain bottle, add Zi Bei Tian Kui (Ophiopogon japonicus var. bulbifer? Note: Context implies specific herb) and Shilongru (Sphenomeris chinensis), three items together over fire. Calcine from Si hour to Shen hour, then soak in Licorice water from Shen hour to Zi hour. Remove, dry, put back in bottle, and calcine again. Grind separately thirty thousand times before use. [Therapeutics] (Treatment) (*Rihua Zi* states) Pishuang eliminates Blood-Qi rushing heart pain in women and induces abortion. ○ Pi Huang expels malaria, Kidney Qi disorders, and repels fleas and lice. (*Bielu* states) Pishuang treats sudden wind-stroke with coma, resembling drunkenness with phlegm-saliva obstruction. ○ For limbs unable to move, use an amount the size of a mung bean, grind finely, mix with fresh well water, take a small amount, then induce vomiting with hot water; recovery follows. [Combined Formulas] Two liang of powder mixed with Glue Clear applied topically treats snake bites or thorns from plants penetrating the body causing swelling, pain, and rotting flesh. If hands or feet are penetrated, joints may fall off. ○ One qian of Pi Huang mixed with half a qian of Shexiang (Musk), ground finely. First, coat a paper strip with raw oil, sprinkle the medicine on it, cut into small paper pieces the size of chess pieces. Insert into the rotten area according to size to treat pediatric dental caries with continuous bleeding and foul-smelling rotting gums. ○ Fine powder of Xinzhou Pi Huang mixed with thick ink juice, made into pills the size of tung tree seeds. Stir-fry in a pot until dry, store in bamboo tubes. When needed, moxa or needle the affected area, crush half a pill, apply locally. Allow natural erosion/corrosion to occur. When the effect diminishes, apply a little more. Treats scrofula. [Contraindications] Do not take lightly; it harms humans. Pregnant women must not take it. [Antidote] For accidental poisoning, grind mung beans in cold water and drink. Administration of Naphtha (Shinao You) also alleviates it.