无毒 丽生
土马鬃治骨热败烦热毒壅衄鼻（名医所录）【地】（图经曰）生于背阴古墙垣上有之岁多
雨
则茂盛世人以为垣衣非也垣衣生垣墙之侧此物生垣墙之上比垣衣更长大抵苔之类也以其所附
不同故立名与主疗亦异在屋则谓之屋游瓦苔在墙垣则谓之垣衣土马鬃在地则谓之地衣在井则
谓之井苔在水中石上则谓之陟厘土马鬃近世常用而诸书未着故附新定条焉【时】（生）春生
（采）
无时【收】阴干【用】苔墙垣上者佳【质】类垣衣而长【色】绿【味】酸【性】寒【气】气
薄味浓阴也【臭】腥
无毒 植生
蜀羊泉（出神农本经）主头秃恶疮热气疥瘙痂癣虫疗龋齿（以上朱字神农本经）女子阴
中内
伤皮间实积（以上黑字名医所录）【名】羊泉 羊饴 漆姑【苗】（唐本注云）叶似菊花紫色
子
类枸杞子根如远志无心有糁方药不复用彼土人时有采识者【地】（图经曰）生蜀郡川谷（唐
本
注云）处处阴湿地皆有之【时】（生）无时（采）三月四月取苗【收】阴干【用】苗叶【色】
青
【味】苦【性】微寒泄【气】味浓于气阴也【主】漆疮【制】锉碎用【治】（疗）（唐本注云）
主小儿惊生毛发
无毒 植生
菟葵主下诸石五淋止虎蛇毒（名医所录）【名】 【苗】（图经曰）似葵而叶小状若藜有
毛
（
茎紫
色（衍义曰）绿叶如黄蜀葵花似拒霜甚雅形如至小者初开单叶蜀葵有檀心色如牡丹姚黄蕊则
蜀
葵也唐刘梦得云菟葵燕麦领春风者此也【地】（尔雅云）所在平泽及田间皆有之【时】（生）
春
生苗（采）六月七月取茎叶【收】曝干【用】茎叶【质】类石龙芮【色】叶绿茎紫【味】甘
【性】
寒缓【气】气之薄者阳中之阴【主】淋沥热结【治】（疗）（别录云）治蛇虎毒诸疮捣汁饮之
及
涂疮能解毒止痛
无毒。野生。
土马鬃：治疗骨蒸潮热、烦热、热毒壅盛导致的鼻出血（此功效由名医记录）。【产地】《本草图经》记载：生长在背阴的古旧墙壁上，如果当年雨水多，则生长茂盛。世人认为它是墙衣，这是不对的。墙衣生长在墙壁侧面，而土马鬃生长在墙壁上方，比墙衣更大更长。大体上是苔藓一类的植物，因为附着的物体不同，所以名称和主治功效也不同。长在屋上的叫屋游瓦苔，长在墙垣上的叫垣衣，长在地上的叫地衣，长在井里的叫井苔，长在水中的石头上的叫陟厘。土马鬃是近代常用的药物，但各种书籍中未详细记载，所以附录在新定条目中。【生长与采集时间】春季生长；随时可以采集。【采收】阴干。【用法】生长在墙壁上的苔藓效果较好。【质地】类似墙衣但更长。【颜色】绿色。【味道】酸。【药性】寒。【气味特征】气薄味浓，属阴。【气味】腥味。
无毒。人工种植或野生植物。
蜀羊泉（出自《神农本草经》）：主治头发脱落、恶疮、热气疥疮、痂癣、虫咬龋齿（以上朱字部分出自《神农本草经》）；女子阴道内损伤、皮间实积（以上黑字部分为名医记录）。【名称】羊泉、羊饴、漆姑。【苗叶形态】《唐本草注》说：叶子像菊花，紫色果实类似枸杞子，根部像远志，中间无芯，有粉末状物质。方药中不再使用那种（指远志），当地百姓有时采集，识货的人能辨认。【产地】《本草图经》说：产于蜀郡的山谷中。《唐本草注》说：到处阴暗潮湿的地方都有。【生长与采集时间】随时生长；三月四月采集苗叶。【采收】阴干。【药用部位】苗叶。【颜色】青色。【味道】苦。【药性】微寒，具泄降作用。【气味特征】味浓于气，属阴。【主治】漆疮。【炮制】切碎使用。【疗效】《唐本草注》说：主治小儿惊风，促进毛发生长。
无毒。人工种植或野生植物。
菟葵：主治下焦诸石淋证，止虎蛇毒（名医记录）。【名称】（原文缺名，仅列苗）。【苗叶形态】《本草图经》说：形状像葵菜但叶子小，样子像藜草，有毛。（茎为紫色）。《本草衍义》说：绿叶像黄蜀葵花，似拒霜花，非常雅致，形状像极小的蜀葵。初开时单叶，蜀葵有檀香色的花心，颜色像牡丹姚黄品种，花蕊则是蜀葵的样子。唐代刘禹锡诗云：“菟葵燕麦领春风”，说的就是这个。【产地】《尔雅》说：所在地的平泽及田间都有。【生长与采集时间】春季生苗；六月七月采集茎叶。【采收】晒干。【药用部位】茎叶。【质地】类似石龙芮。【颜色】叶绿茎紫。【味道】甘。【药性】寒，具缓急作用。【气味特征】气之薄者，为阳中之阴。【主治】淋沥热结。【疗效】《名医别录》说：治疗蛇虎毒及诸种疮疡，捣汁饮用并涂抹疮口，能解毒止痛。
Non-toxic. Wild-grown.
Tumazong (Tu Ma Zong, *Radix et Rhizoma Asari* - Note: Context suggests a moss/lichen type, likely referring to specific local mosses historically grouped here, but strictly translating the text's classification): Treats bone-steaming tidal fever, vexatious heat, and epistaxis caused by congestion of heat toxins (Recorded by famous physicians). [Origin] *Bencao Tujing* states: Grows on old walls in shady places; it thrives when there is abundant rain in that year. People mistakenly believe it is wall moss (Yuanyi); this is incorrect. Wall moss grows on the sides of walls, whereas Tumazong grows on top of walls and is larger and longer than wall moss. Generally, it belongs to the category of mosses. Because its substrate differs, its name and therapeutic indications also vary. Those growing on roofs are called Wuyou Watai (Roof moss); those on walls are called Yuanyi (Wall moss); those on the ground are called Diyi (Ground moss); those in wells are called Jingtai (Well moss); and those on stones in water are called Zhili (Aquatic moss). Tumazong has been commonly used in recent times but was not detailed in previous texts, so it is appended as a newly defined entry. [Growth & Harvest Time]: Sprouts in spring; harvestable at any time. [Processing]: Dried in shade. [Usage]: Moss grown on walls is preferred. [Texture]: Similar to wall moss but longer. [Color]: Green. [Flavor]: Sour. [Nature]: Cold. [Qi & Flavor Characteristics]: Thin Qi, strong Flavor, Yin nature. [Odor]: Fishy smell.
Non-toxic. Plant.
Shuyangquan (Shu Yang Quan, *Rhizoma Verbenae* or similar local herb depending on regional identification, WHO term often aligns with *Verbenae Herba* or specific local flora described as such): Mainly treats alopecia, malignant sores, heat-induced scabies, crusted tinea, insect bites, and dental caries (Red text from *Shennong Bencao Jing*); internal injury in the female vagina, accumulation of solid masses between skin layers (Black text recorded by famous physicians). [Names]: Yangquan, Yangyi, Qigu. [Seedling/Leaf Description]: *Tang Bencao Zhu* notes: Leaves resemble chrysanthemum leaves; purple fruits resemble goji berry seeds; roots resemble *Polygala tenuifolia* (Yuanzhi) but lack a pith and contain powdery substance. It is no longer used in prescriptions for that purpose, though locals sometimes harvest it, and knowledgeable people can identify it. [Origin]: *Bencao Tujing* states: Produced in valleys of Shu Commandery. *Tang Bencao Zhu* adds: Found everywhere in shady and damp places. [Growth & Harvest Time]: Grows at any time; harvest seedlings in March and April. [Processing]: Dried in shade. [Medicinal Part]: Seedlings and leaves. [Color]: Blue-green. [Flavor]: Bitter. [Nature]: Slightly cold, with draining/descending properties. [Qi & Flavor Characteristics]: Flavor stronger than Qi, Yin nature. [Indication]: Lacquer dermatitis. [Preparation]: Chopped/crushed before use. [Therapeutic Effect]: *Tang Bencao Zhu* states: Treats infantile convulsions and promotes hair growth.
Non-toxic. Plant.
Tukui (Tu Kui, *Malva verticillata* or related Malvaceae): Mainly treats various types of lithiasis (stones) in the lower jiao and stops tiger/snake venom (Recorded by famous physicians). [Name]: [Text missing]. [Seedling/Leaf Description]: *Bencao Tujing* states: Resembles mallow (*Malva*) but with smaller leaves, resembling lamb's quarters (*Chenopodium*), and is hairy. (Stems are purple). *Bencao Yan Yi* states: Green leaves resemble yellow mallow flowers, similar to frost-resisting hibiscus, very elegant in shape, like small mallows. When first blooming, they have single leaves. Mallows have sandalwood-colored centers, colors like the Peony 'Yaohuang' variety, and stamens characteristic of mallows. Tang Dynasty poet Liu Mengde wrote: "Tu Kui and wild oats lead the spring breeze," referring to this plant. [Origin]: *Erya* states: Found in flat marshes and fields everywhere. [Growth & Harvest Time]: Sprouts in spring; harvest stems and leaves in June and July. [Processing]: Sun-dried. [Medicinal Part]: Stems and leaves. [Texture]: Similar to *Ranunculus ternatus* (Shilongru). [Color]: Green leaves, purple stems. [Flavor]: Sweet. [Nature]: Cold, with relaxing/spasmolytic properties. [Qi & Flavor Characteristics]: Thin Qi, Yin within Yang. [Indication]: Dysuria with heat stagnation. [Therapeutic Effect]: *Mingyi Bielu* states: Treats snake/tiger venom and various sores. Crush and drink the juice, or apply externally to sores to detoxify and relieve pain.