无毒附五心菜 丛生
秦荻梨主心腹冷胀下气消食（名医所录）【苗】（孟诜云）秦荻梨于生菜中最香美人所啖
者
甚破气之物也一种五辛菜味辛温岁朝食之助发五脏气常食温中去恶消食下气荆楚岁时记亦作
此说热病后勿食食之损目【地】（图经曰）生下湿地所在有之【味】辛【性】温【气】气之
浓
者
蔓生
醍醐菜治伤中崩绝及月水不利并捣汁和酒空心服（名医所录）【苗】（雷公曰）形似牛皮
其
蔓掏之有乳汁出香甜入顶者是也【臭】香【制】（雷公曰）采得去根以苦竹刀细切入砂盆中
研
如膏用生稀绢裹 取汁出暖饮【合治】醍醐杵汁合酒煎沸空心服一盏治伤中崩绝○叶绞汁合
酒煎服一盏治月水不利
翘摇味辛平无毒主破血止血生肌亦充生菜食之又主五种黄病绞汁服之生平泽紫花蔓生如
劳豆诗义疏云苕饶幽州人谓之翘饶尔雅云柱天摇车也○食疗（疗五种黄病生捣汁服一升日二
瘥甚益人利五脏明耳目去热风令人轻健长食不厌煮熟吃佳若生吃令人吐水）
有毒 蔓生
苦瓠主大水面目四肢浮肿下水令人吐（神农本经）【苗】谨按苦瓠二月布种三月生苗蔓
延
于地茎叶都似葫芦青绿色而有毛四月开白花结实初大如指五月方熟长者尺余头尾相似人采其
苦者入药甜者作菜食之考之唐本注云瓠与冬瓜瓠 此三物苗叶相似而实形有异瓠味皆甜其有
苦者是也【地】（图经曰）生晋地川泽今处处有之【时】（生）春生苗（采）夏取实【收】曝
干【用】
肉及瓤【色】白【味】苦【性】寒泄【气】味浓于气阴也【臭】腥【主】消水肿【治】（疗）
（唐本注云）苦瓠瓤消水肿石淋吐呀（虚牙切张口貌）嗽囊结疰蛊痰饮又煮汁渍阴疗小便不
通○
甜瓠 通利水道止渴消热（药性论云）苦瓠瓤消水浮肿面目肢节肿胀下利大消气疾（日华子
云）
瓠除烦止渴及心热利小肠润心肺疗吐蛔虫（陈藏器云）苦瓠煎汁取滴鼻中出黄水去伤寒鼻塞
黄
疸及取一枚破开口以水煮搅取汁滴鼻中主急黄又取未破者煮令热解开熨小儿闪癖（孟诜云）
止
消渴及恶疮（别录云）疗鼠 用瓠花曝干为末敷之又除卒患肿满者曾有人忽脚跌肿渐上至膝
足
不可践地渐加大水头面遍身大肿胀满者用苦瓠白瓤实捻如大豆粒以面裹煮一二沸空心服七枚
至午当出水一斗三日水自出不止大瘦乃瘥三年内忌口味用苦瓠须无靥翳细理妍净不尔有毒又
黄胆以瓠子白瓤子熬令黄捣为末每服半钱匕日一服十日愈用瓠数有吐者当先详之中蛊毒吐血
或下血皆如烂肝者苦瓠一枚水二升煮取一升服立吐即愈【合治】七月七日取苦瓠瓤白绞取汁
一合合酢一升古钱七文和渍微火煎之减半以沫纳眼 中治眼暗【解】服之过分令人吐利不止
者宜以黍穣灰汁解之解丹石毒【忌】患香港脚及虚胀冷气人不可食食之尤甚
无毒，附：五心菜。丛生。
秦荻梨：主治心腹冷胀，下气消食。（名医所录）【苗】（孟诜说）秦荻梨在生菜中最香，是人们食用的佳品。
它也是一种破气之物。一种五辛菜，味辛温，岁首早晨食用，能助发五脏之气。常食可温中、去恶、消食、下气。《荆楚岁时记》也有此说法。热病后勿食，食之损目。【地】（《图经》说）生于湿地，各地都有。【味】辛。【性】温。【气】气味浓烈者。
蔓生。
醍醐菜：主治伤中、崩漏绝症及月经不利，并捣汁和酒空腹服用。（名医所录）【苗】（雷公说）形状似牛皮，其藤蔓折断后有乳汁流出，香甜入喉的是这种。【臭】香。【制】（雷公说）采得后去根，用苦竹刀细切，放入砂盆中研磨如膏状，用生稀绢包裹取汁，暖饮。【合治】将醍醐菜杵汁与酒同煎沸，空腹服一盏，治疗伤中、崩漏绝症。○叶绞汁与酒同煎服一盏，治疗月经不利。
翘摇：味辛平，无毒。主治破血、止血、生肌，也可作为生菜食用。又主治五种黄病，绞汁服用。生于平地沼泽，紫花，蔓生，像劳豆。《诗义疏》说：苕饶，幽州人叫它翘饶。《尔雅》说：柱天摇车。○《食疗》（治疗五种黄病，生捣汁服一升，每日两次，痊愈，更有益于人，利五脏，明耳目，去热风，使人轻健长寿。常吃不厌，煮熟吃佳，若生吃令人吐水。）
有毒，蔓生。
苦瓠：主治大水面目四肢浮肿，下水，令人呕吐。（《神农本经》）【苗】谨按：苦瓠二月播种，三月生苗，蔓延于地，茎叶都像葫芦，青绿色而有毛。四月开白花结实，初大如手指，五月才熟，长的一尺多，头尾相似。人采其苦的入药，甜的作菜食用。考《唐本注》说：瓠与冬瓜、瓠，这三种植物苗叶相似而果实形状有异，瓠味皆甜，其中有苦的就是苦瓠。【地】（《图经》说）生于晋地川泽，如今处处都有。【时】（生）春生苗。（采）夏取实。【收】曝干。【用】肉及瓤。【色】白。【味】苦。【性】寒泄。【气】味浓于气阴。【臭】腥。【主】消水肿。【治】（疗）（《唐本注》说）苦瓠瓤消水肿、石淋、吐呀（虚牙切，张口貌）、嗽、囊结、疰蛊、痰饮。又煮汁渍阴，疗小便不通。○
甜瓠：通利水道，止渴消热。（《药性论》说）苦瓠瓤消水浮肿、面目肢节肿胀、下利、大消气疾。（《日华子》说）瓠除烦止渴及心热，利小肠，润心肺，疗吐蛔虫。（《陈藏器》说）苦瓠煎汁取滴鼻中出黄水，去伤寒鼻塞、黄疸。又取一枚破开口以水煮搅取汁滴鼻中，主急黄。又取未破者煮令热解开熨小儿闪癖。（《孟诜》说）止消渴及恶疮。（《别录》说）疗鼠瘘，用瓠花曝干为末敷之。又除卒患肿满者。曾有人忽脚跌肿渐上至膝，足不可践地，渐加大水头面遍身大肿胀满者，用苦瓠白瓤实捻如大豆粒，以面裹煮一二沸，空心服七枚，至午当出水一斗，三日水自出不止，大瘦乃瘥。三年内忌口味，用苦瓠须无靥翳细理妍净，不尔有毒。又黄胆以瓠子白瓤子熬令黄捣为末，每服半钱匕，日一服，十日愈。用瓠数有吐者，当先详之。中蛊毒吐血或下血皆如烂肝者，苦瓠一枚，水二升，煮取一升，服立吐即愈。【合治】七月七日取苦瓠瓤白绞取汁一合，合酢一升，古钱七文，和渍微火煎之减半，以沫纳眼中，治眼暗。【解】服之过分令人吐利不止者，宜以黍穣灰汁解之。解丹石毒。【忌】患香港脚及虚胀冷气人不可食，食之尤甚。
Non-toxic. Appendix: Wuxin Cai (Five-Heart Vegetable). Grows in clusters.
Qindili Li (Qin Di Pear): Mainly treats cold distension in the heart and abdomen, directs Qi downward, and promotes digestion. (Recorded by Famous Physicians) [Seedling] (Meng Shen said) Qindili Li is the most fragrant among raw vegetables and is a delicacy consumed by people.
It is also a substance that severely depletes Qi. A type of Five-Acrid Vegetable has an acrid and warm nature; consuming it on the morning of the New Year helps to stimulate the Qi of the five Zang organs. Regular consumption warms the middle, eliminates malignancy, promotes digestion, and directs Qi downward. *Jingchu Suishiji* also mentions this. Do not consume after febrile diseases, as it damages the eyes. [Habitat] (*Tujing* states) It grows in wetlands and is found everywhere. [Flavor] Acrid. [Nature] Warm. [Qi] Those with strong aroma and flavor.
Grows by trailing vines.
Tihu Cai (Butter Vegetable): Mainly treats injury to the middle Jiao, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, and irregular menstruation. Crush and extract juice, mix with wine, and take on an empty stomach. (Recorded by Famous Physicians) [Seedling] (Lei Gong said) Its shape resembles cowhide; when its vines are broken, milky juice flows out. The one that is sweet and fragrant upon swallowing is this species. [Odor] Fragrant. [Preparation] (Lei Gong said) After harvesting, remove roots, finely slice with a bitter bamboo knife, grind in a mortar until paste-like, wrap in fine raw silk to extract juice, and drink warm. [Combined Treatment] Pound Tihu Cai into juice, boil with wine, and take one cup on an empty stomach to treat injury to the middle Jiao and metrorrhagia/metrostaxis. ○ Crush leaves to extract juice, boil with wine, and take one cup to treat irregular menstruation.
Qiaoyao (Sweet Clover): Flavor is acrid and neutral, non-toxic. Mainly treats blood stasis, stops bleeding, generates flesh, and can also be eaten as a raw vegetable. It also treats five types of jaundice; crush and extract juice for oral administration. Grows in flatlands and marshes, with purple flowers and trailing vines, resembling Vicia sativa. *Yishu* of the *Shi Jing* states: Shaorao, referred to as Qiaorao in Youzhou. *Erya* states: Zhutian Yaoche. ○ *Shiliao* (Treats five types of jaundice; crush fresh and take one sheng of juice twice daily until recovery, which is highly beneficial, benefits the five Zang organs, clarifies the eyes and ears, removes wind-heat, makes the body light and vigorous, and promotes longevity. It is best cooked; eating raw may cause vomiting of water.)
Toxic, grows by trailing vines.
Ku Hu (Bitter Bottle Gourd): Mainly treats severe edema of the face, eyes, and limbs, promotes urination, and induces vomiting. (*Shennong Benjing*) [Seedling] According to records: Ku Hu is sown in February, seedlings emerge in March, trailing over the ground. Stems and leaves resemble those of the bottle gourd, green and hairy. White flowers bloom in April, fruits form, initially finger-sized, ripening in May. Some grow over a chi long, with similar heads and tails. People harvest the bitter ones for medicine and the sweet ones for food. Examining *Tang Ben Zhu*: Hu, Donggua Hu, and this Hu have similar seedlings and leaves but different fruit shapes. All Hu varieties are sweet; the bitter ones are this variety. [Habitat] (*Tujing* states) Grows in rivers and marshes of Jin region, now found everywhere. [Season] (Growth) Seedlings sprout in spring. (Harvest) Fruits collected in summer. [Processing] Sun-dried. [Usage] Flesh and pith. [Color] White. [Flavor] Bitter. [Nature] Cold and draining. [Qi] Flavor is stronger than Qi and Yin. [Odor] Fishy. [Main Action] Reduces edema. [Treatment] (Therapy) (*Tang Ben Zhu* states) Pith of Ku Hu reduces edema, lithiasis, "Tu Ya" (opening mouth due to spasms), cough, scrotal knots, zhu-gu infections, phlegm-fluid retention. Also, boil juice to wash the genitals to treat urinary obstruction. ○
Tian Hu (Sweet Bottle Gourd): Promotes water passage, relieves thirst, and clears heat. (*Xingming Lun* states) Pith of Ku Hu reduces water retention, edema of face/eyes/limbs, diarrhea, and excessive Qi disorders. (*Rihua Zi* states) Hu relieves irritability, quenches thirst, clears heart-heat, benefits the small intestine, moistens lungs and heart, and treats vomiting of roundworms. (*Chen Cangqi* states) Boil Ku Hu, extract juice, and drip into nose to discharge yellow fluid, treating nasal congestion from cold damage and jaundice. Also, break open one gourd, boil, stir, extract juice, and drip into nose to treat acute jaundice. Also, boil an unbroken gourd while hot, unwrap, and apply to children's dislocated joints. (*Meng Shen* states) Relieves polydipsia and malignant sores. (*Benlu* states) Treats rat-hole fistula; sun-dry Hu flowers, powder, and apply. Also treats sudden swelling and fullness. Once, someone had sudden foot swelling rising to the knee, unable to walk, progressing to massive swelling of head, face, and body. Use white pith of Ku Hu, roll into soybean-sized pellets, wrap in dough, boil 1-2 times, take seven pellets on an empty stomach. By noon, should pass one dou of urine; within three days, water discharge continues, body becomes thin, then recovers. Avoid rich flavors for three years. Use Ku Hu that is clean, without blemishes or spots, otherwise toxic. For jaundice, roast white pith of Hu seeds until yellow, powder, take half qianbi daily for ten days. If using Hu causes vomiting, examine carefully. For gu-poison with hematemesis or hematochezia resembling rotten liver, take one Ku Hu, two sheng of water, boil to one sheng, take immediately induces vomiting and cures. [Combined Treatment] On the seventh day of the seventh month, extract white juice from Ku Hu pith (one he), mix with one sheng of vinegar and seven ancient coins, simmer over low fire until halved, apply foam to eyes to treat dim vision. [Antidote] If taken excessively causing persistent vomiting and diarrhea, resolve with ash juice of millet chaff. Resolves Dan-Shi toxicity. [Contraindications] Do not consume for those with gout (Hongxiangjiao) or deficiency-cold distension; consumption worsens the condition.