\r千岁 \ph120.bmp\r，生泰山川谷。作藤生，蔓延木上，叶如葡萄而小。四月摘其
茎，汁白而甘。五月开
花，七月结实，八月采子，青黑微赤。冬惟凋叶。此即《诗》云葛 者也。苏恭谓是婴 藤
，深为谬妄。陶隐居、陈藏器说最得之。
\r黄连\ph121.bmp\r，生巫阳川谷及蜀郡泰山，今江、湖、荆、夔州郡亦有，而以宣
城者为胜，施、黔者次
之。苗高一尺以来，叶似甘菊，四月开花黄色，六月结实似芹子，色亦黄。二月、八月采根
用。生江左者根若连珠，其苗经冬不凋，叶如小雉尾草，正月开花，作细穗，淡白微黄色，
六、七月根紧始堪采。古方以黄连为治痢之最。胡洽方载九盏汤，主下痢，不问冷热赤白，
谷滞休息久下，悉主之。以黄连长三寸三十枚，秤重一两半，龙骨如棋子四枚，重四分，附
子大者一枚，干姜一两半，胶一两半，并切。先以水五合，着铜器中，去火三寸，煎沸便下
，着生土上，沸止，又上水五合，如此九上九下。内诸药着火上，沸辄下，着土上，沸止又
复，九上九下，度可得一升，顿服，即止。又香连丸，亦主下痢，近世盛行其法，以宣连、
青木香分两停，同捣筛，白蜜丸如梧子，空腹饮下二、三十丸，日再，如神。其久冷人，即
用煨熟
大蒜作丸。此方本出李绛《兵部手集方》，婴孺用之亦效。又治目方，用黄连多矣。而羊肝
丸尤奇异，取黄连末一大两，白羊子肝一具，去膜，同于砂盆内研令极细，众手捻为丸如梧
子，每食心暖浆水吞二七枚，连作五剂，瘥。但是诸眼目疾及障翳青盲，皆主之。禁食猪肉
及冷水。刘禹锡云∶有崔承元者，因官治一死罪囚出活之，囚后数年以病自致死。一旦崔为
内障所苦，丧明，逾年后，半夜叹息，独坐时，闻阶除间悉 之声，崔问为谁？曰∶是昔
所蒙活者囚，今故报恩至此，遂以此方告讫而没。崔依此合服，不数月，眼复明，因传此方
于世。又今医家洗眼汤，以当归、芍药、黄连等分停，细切，以雪水或甜水煎浓汁，乘热洗
，冷即再温洗，甚益眼目。但是风毒、赤目、花翳等，皆可用之。其说云∶凡眼目之病，皆
以血脉凝滞使然，故以行血药合黄连治之。血得热即行，故乘热洗之，用者无不神效。
千岁，生长在泰山的河谷中。它作为藤蔓植物生长，蔓延在树木之上，叶子像葡萄叶但较小。四月采摘它的茎，汁液白色且甘甜。五月开花，七月结果实，八月采集种子，颜色青黑略带红色。冬天只有凋落的叶子。这就是《诗经》中提到的葛藟（一种藤本植物）。苏恭认为这是婴藤，这非常荒谬错误。陶弘景和陈藏器的说法最为准确。
黄连，生长在巫阳的河谷以及蜀郡的泰山，现在江、湖、荆、夔州等地也有出产，但以宣城产的质量最好，施州、黔州产的次之。植株高约一尺左右，叶子像甘菊，四月开黄花，六月结出像芹菜籽一样的果实，颜色也是黄色。二月和八月采集根部使用。生长在江东地区的黄连根像连珠一样，其苗经过冬天不凋谢，叶子像小雉尾草，正月开花，形成细穗，淡白微黄色，六、七月时根部紧缩才适合采收。古方中用黄连治疗痢疾效果最佳。胡洽方记载的九盏汤，主治下痢，不论冷热、赤白、谷滞、休息痢或久泻，都适用。取长三寸的黄连三十枚，称重一两半，棋子大小的龙骨四枚，重四分，大附子一枚，干姜一两半，胶一两半，全部切碎。先用水五合放入铜器中，离火三寸距离，煎至沸腾后立即放入药材，放在生土上，待沸腾停止后，再加水五合，如此“九上九下”（即反复加热煮沸后离火冷却的过程共九次）。加入所有药材后放在火上，沸腾就移开，放在土上，沸腾停止后再重复，经过九次这样的过程，估计可得药液一升，一次性服用，痢疾即可停止。还有香连丸，也主治下痢，近代广泛流行此法，用宣连、青木香等量，共同捣碎过筛，用白蜜做成梧桐子大小的丸剂，空腹时用温水送服二三十丸，每日两次，效果如神。对于久患冷症的人，就用煨熟的大蒜制作丸剂。此方原本出自李绛的《兵部手集方》，婴儿用药也有效。另外治疗眼疾的方子，用到黄连的很多。其中羊肝丸尤为奇特，取黄连末一大两，白羊子肝一副，去掉膜，一起在砂盆中研磨至极细，众人用手捻成梧桐子大小的丸剂，每餐前趁暖用浆水吞服十四枚，连续服用五个疗程，病愈。凡是各种眼疾及障翳、青盲，都适用此方。禁忌食用猪肉及冷水。刘禹锡说：有个叫崔承元的人，因为公务处理一个死囚犯而将其救活，囚犯几年后因生病自杀而死。有一天崔承元被内障所苦，失明，过了一年多，半夜叹息，独自坐着时，听到台阶间悉悉索索的声音，崔承元问是谁？回答说：“是以前蒙您救活的囚犯，今天特意来报恩至此”，于是把这个方子告诉他就去世了。崔承元依照此方配制服用，不到几个月，眼睛复明，因此将此方流传于世。另外现在医家使用的洗眼汤，用当归、芍药、黄连等量，细细切碎，用雪水或甜水煎煮浓汁，趁热清洗，冷了再温热清洗，对眼睛很有益处。凡是风毒、赤目、花翳等，都可以使用。其理论说：凡是眼目的疾病，都是因为血脉凝滞造成的，所以用行血药配合黄连治疗。血液遇热则运行，所以趁热清洗，使用者无不神效。
Qiansui (Thousand-year Vine), grows in the river valleys of Mount Tai. It grows as a vine, spreading over trees; its leaves resemble those of grapes but are smaller. In the fourth month, its stems are harvested; the juice is white and sweet. Flowers bloom in the fifth month, fruits set in the seventh month, and seeds are collected in the eighth month; they are green-black with a slight reddish hue. In winter, only withered leaves remain. This is the "Gelü" (a type of vine) mentioned in the *Classic of Poetry* (*Shijing*). Su Gong claimed it was *Yingteng* (Infant Vine), which is highly erroneous. The explanations by Tao Hongjing and Chen Cangqi are the most accurate.
Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), grows in the river valleys of Wuyang and Mount Tai in Shujun. It is now also found in Jiang, Hu, Jing, and Kui prefectures, but the variety from Xuancheng is superior, followed by those from Shizhou and Qianzhou. The seedling grows to about one chi in height; leaves resemble those of Chrysanthemum indicum. Yellow flowers bloom in the fourth month, and fruits resembling celery seeds, also yellow, form in the sixth month. Roots are harvested in the second and eighth months. Huanglian grown in Jiangzuo has roots resembling linked pearls; its seedlings do not wither in winter, leaves resemble small pheasant-tail grass, and fine, pale-white-yellowish spikes bloom in the first month. The roots are suitable for harvesting in the sixth and seventh months when they become firm. In ancient prescriptions, Huanglian is considered the best remedy for dysentery. The *Jiuzhan Tang* (Nine-Bowl Decoction) recorded in the *Huqia Fang* treats dysentery regardless of whether it is cold or heat type, bloody or non-bloody, caused by food stagnation, recurrent, or chronic diarrhea. Take thirty pieces of Huanglian three cun long, weighing one tael and half; four pieces of Longgu (Dragon Bone) the size of chess pieces, weighing four qian; one large Fuzi (Aconite Lateral Root); one tael and half of Ganjiang (Dried Ginger); and one tael and half of Jiao (Glue). All ingredients should be cut into pieces. First, place five he of water in a copper vessel, remove from fire leaving a distance of three cun, boil, then add ingredients. Place the vessel on raw earth; when boiling stops, add another five he of water. Repeat this process of heating and cooling ("nine up, nine down") nine times. Add all herbs to the fire; whenever it boils, remove it to the earth. When boiling stops, repeat. After nine cycles, approximately one sheng of liquid remains. Take it all at once, and the dysentery will stop. Also, Xianglian Wan (Amomum and Coptis Pill) treats dysentery and is widely used in recent times. Equal parts of Xuanlian (Xuancheng Coptis) and Qingmuxiang (Aquilaria Wood) are ground together and sifted, then formed into pills the size of Chinese quince seeds using white honey. Take twenty to thirty pills on an empty stomach with warm water, twice daily; the effect is miraculous. For patients with chronic cold conditions, use roasted garlic to make the pills. This prescription originally comes from Li Jiang's *Bingbu Shouji Fang*; it is also effective for infants. Furthermore, many prescriptions for eye diseases use Huanglian. Among them, Yanggan Wan (Sheep Liver Pill) is particularly remarkable. Take one da liang of Huanglian powder and one whole liver from a white lamb fetus; remove the membrane. Grind them together in a mortar until extremely fine. Shape into pills the size of Chinese quince seeds. Swallow fourteen pills with warm Jiangshui (fermented grain wash) before each meal. Complete five courses of treatment for recovery. This pill treats various eye diseases, including nebulae and blindness. Avoid consuming pork and cold water. Liu Yuxi stated: There was a man named Cui Chengyuan who, due to official duties, spared a death-row prisoner. Years later, the prisoner died of illness. One day, Cui suffered from nuclear cataracts and lost his sight. Over a year later, while sighing in the middle of the night and sitting alone, he heard rustling sounds near the steps. He asked who it was. The voice replied, "I am the prisoner you once saved, here to repay your kindness." He then revealed this prescription and passed away. Cui prepared and took the medicine according to this method, and within a few months, his vision returned. Thus, he transmitted this prescription to the world. Additionally, the modern medical "Eye Washing Decoction" uses equal parts of Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Shaoyao (Peony Root), and Huanglian. Finely cut, decoct in snow water or sweet water to make a concentrated liquid. Wash the eyes while hot; if it cools, reheat and wash again. This is very beneficial for the eyes. It can be used for wind-toxicity, red eyes, and corneal opacities. The theory states that all eye diseases are caused by blood stasis; therefore, blood-activating herbs combined with Huanglian are used. Blood flows when heated, so washing while hot yields miraculous results for users.