琥珀，文具茯苓条下。
\r松脂\ph306.bmp\r，生泰山山谷，今处处有之。其用以通明如薰陆香颗者为胜。道
人服饵，或合茯苓、松
、柏实、菊花作丸，皆先炼治。其法∶用大釜加水置甄，用白茅藉甄底，又加黄砂于茅上，
浓寸许可矣，然后布松脂于上，炊以桑薪，汤减即添热水，常令满。候松脂尽入釜中，乃出
之，投于冷水，既凝又蒸，如此三过，其白如玉，然后入药，亦可单服。其实及根白皮，古
亦有服食法，但今松实，多作果品，余不闻堪入药。其花上黄粉，名松黄，山人及时拂取，
作汤点之，甚佳。但不堪停久，故鲜用寄远。烧其枝上，下承取汁液，名松 （音 ），主
牛
马疮。皮上绿衣，名艾纳香，用合诸香，烧之，其烟不散。方书言松为五粒，字当读为∶
音之误也。言每五 为一叶，或有两 七 者。松岁久则实繁，中原虽有，然不及塞上者佳
好也。中品有墨条，不载所出州郡，然亦出于松，故附见于此。
\r柏实\ph307.bmp\r，生泰山山谷，今处处有之，而干州者最佳。三月开花，九月结
子，候成熟收采，蒸曝
干，舂擂取熟人子用。其叶名侧柏，密州出者，尤佳。虽与他柏相类，而其叶皆侧向而生，
功效殊别。采无时。张仲景方疗吐血不止者，柏叶汤主之。青柏叶一把，干姜三片，阿胶一
挺炙，三味以水二升，煮一升，去滓，别绞马通汁一升相和，合煎取一升，绵滤，一服尽之
。山东医工亦多用侧柏，然云性寒，止痛，其方采叶入臼中，湿捣，令极烂如泥，冷水调作
膏，以治大人及小儿汤烫火烧，涂敷于伤处，用帛子系定，三两日疮当敛，仍灭瘢。又取叶
焙干为末，与川黄连二味，同煎为汁，服之，以疗男子、妇人、小儿大腹下黑血茶脚色，或
脓血如淀色，所谓蛊痢者，治之有殊效。又能杀五脏虫。道家多作柏叶汤，常点益人。古柏
叶尤奇。今益州诸葛孔明庙中，有大柏木，相传是蜀世所植，故人多采收入作药。其味甘，
香于常柏也。
琥珀，其内容详见茯苓条下。
松脂，生长于泰山的山谷中，如今各地都有出产。其中通透明亮、形状像薰陆香颗粒的为上品。修道之人服用它，或者将其与茯苓、松子、柏实、菊花一起制成丸药，都需要先经过炼制处理。其方法是：用大锅加水，在蒸格上放置，用白茅草铺垫在蒸格底部，再在白茅草上加一层黄沙，厚度约一寸左右即可，然后将松脂铺在上面，用桑木柴火加热，水减少时就添加热水，始终保持水量充足。等到松脂全部溶入锅中后，将其取出，投入冷水中，凝固后再蒸煮，如此反复三次，其颜色便洁白如玉，然后才能入药使用，也可以单独服用。松树的果实和根部的白色树皮，古代也有服食的方法，但现在松子多作为果品食用，其余部分没听说能入药。松树花上的黄色粉末，名叫松黄，山中人按时拂取收集，用来煮汤饮用，效果很好。但不耐储存，所以很少寄送给远方的人。燃烧树枝，下方承接流出的汁液，名叫松膏（音同“胶”），主治牛马的疮疡。树皮上的绿色衣膜，名叫艾纳香，用于混合各种香料，焚烧时烟雾不散。医方书籍中说松为“五粒”，这里的“五”字读音应当是“wu”之误。意思是每五个松针为一叶，或者有两个七个松针的情况。松树生长年代久远则果实繁多，中原地区虽然有，但比不上边塞地区的品质好。中品中有墨条记载，未注明出产州郡，但也出自松树，所以附见于此条之下。
柏实，生长于泰山的山谷中，如今各地都有，但干州出产的最佳。三月开花，九月结果，等到成熟时采收，经过蒸晒干燥，舂捣研磨后取仁使用。柏树的叶子名叫侧柏，密州出产的尤为优良。虽然与其他柏树相似，但其叶子都是侧向生长，功效截然不同。采集没有固定时间。张仲景的方剂治疗吐血不止者，主用柏叶汤。取青柏叶一把，干姜三片，阿胶一根（炙过），三味药用水二升，煮至一升，去渣，另取马通汁一升混合，共同煎取一升，用绵布过滤，一次服完。山东的医生也多用侧柏，但说其性寒，能止痛。他们的方子是采集叶子放入臼中，湿捣至极烂如泥状，用冷水调成膏，涂抹在治疗大人及小儿烫伤烧伤处，用帛带包扎固定，两三天后疮口愈合，并能消除疤痕。又取叶子焙干研末，与川黄连两味药，共同煎煮取汁服用，用于治疗男子、妇人、小儿的大腹下黑血茶脚色，或脓血如沉淀物颜色，即所谓蛊痢，治疗效果显著。又能杀灭五脏寄生虫。道家多制作柏叶汤，经常点服有益人体。古柏叶尤其奇特。如今益州诸葛孔明庙中，有大柏树，相传是蜀汉时期所植，所以很多人采收入库作为药材。其味道甘甜，香气比常柏更浓。
Amber, see the entry under Poria (Fuling).
Pine resin grows in the valleys of Mount Tai and is now available everywhere. The best quality is transparent and bright, resembling grains of frankincense. Daoists consume it, or compound it with Poria, pine nuts, Biota seed, and chrysanthemum to make pills; all require prior processing. The method is as follows: Place a large cauldron with water over a steamer basket lined at the bottom with white cogon grass, then add a layer of yellow sand about one cun thick on top of the grass. Spread the pine resin on top, heat with mulberry wood fire, and add hot water whenever the level drops to keep it full. Once the resin has completely melted into the cauldron, remove it, cast it into cold water, allow it to solidify, and steam it again. Repeat this process three times until it becomes white as jade, after which it can be used in medicine or taken alone. The seeds and the white bark of the roots also had ancient methods of consumption, but nowadays pine nuts are mostly used as food, and other parts are not heard of as being suitable for medicinal use. The yellow powder on the flowers is called Songhuang (Pine Pollen), gathered by mountain dwellers when timely, brewed as a tea, which is very good. However, it does not store well, so it is rarely sent to distant places. Burning the branches and collecting the dripping liquid below yields Songgao (Pine Pitch, pronounced "jiao"), which treats sores in cattle and horses. The green film on the bark is called Aina Xiang (Ainar Incense), used to blend with other incenses; when burned, its smoke does not disperse. Medical texts state that "Song" refers to five needles; the character "wu" (five) is likely a phonetic error for "wu". It means five needles form one leaf cluster, or sometimes two or seven needles per cluster. Old trees produce abundant seeds; although found in the Central Plains, those from the frontier regions are superior. The entry for Ink (Mo) in the Middle Category does not list its origin province, but since it also comes from pine, it is appended here.
Ink, see the entry under Pine Resin.
Biota seed grows in the valleys of Mount Tai and is now available everywhere, though the best quality comes from Ganzhou. It flowers in March and fruits in September; harvest when mature, steam and sun-dry, then pound and winnow to obtain the kernels. The leaves are named Ce Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen); those from Mizhou are especially fine. Although similar to other cypresses, their leaves grow sideways, conferring distinct efficacy. There is no fixed time for harvesting. Zhang Zhongjing's formula for treating persistent hematemesis uses Baiye Tang (Biota Leaf Decoction) as the primary treatment. Take one handful of fresh Biota leaves, three slices of dried ginger, and one stick of prepared Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin). Boil these three ingredients in two sheng of water until reduced to one sheng, strain, mix with one sheng of Ma Tong Zhi (Horse Dung Juice), and boil together to reduce to one sheng. Filter through silk cloth and take all at once. Physicians in Shandong also frequently use Ce Bai Ye, noting its cold nature and pain-relieving properties. Their method involves pounding fresh leaves in a mortar until mushy, mixing with cold water to form a paste, and applying to burns or scalds on adults and children. Secured with cloth bandages, the wounds heal within two to three days, and scars disappear. Additionally, dried leaves are powdered and decocted with Chuan Lian Zi (or rather, Huang Lian - Coptis Rhizome) to treat bloody diarrhea with dark, tea-colored stool or pus-like sediment in men, women, and children, known as Gu Li (Gu Dysentery), showing remarkable efficacy. It can also kill parasites in the five zang organs. Daoists often prepare Biota Leaf Tea for daily consumption to benefit health. Ancient Biota leaves are particularly unique. In Yizhou, within the temple of Zhuge Kongming, there stands a large cypress tree, traditionally said to have been planted during the Shu Han period, leading many to harvest it for medicinal use. Its taste is sweet, and its fragrance is stronger than that of common cypress.