\r茅根\ph177.bmp\r，生楚地山谷田野，今处处有之。春生苗，布地如针，俗间谓之
茅针，亦可啖，甚益小
儿。夏生白花，茸茸然，至秋而枯；其根至洁白，亦甚甘美，六月采根用。今人取茅针，
以傅金疮，塞鼻洪，止暴下血及溺血者，殊效。刘禹锡《传信方》疗痈肿有头，使必穴方，
取茅锥一茎正尔，全煎十数沸，服之，立溃。若两茎即生两孔，或折断一枝为二，亦生两穴
。白茅花，亦主金疮止血。又有菅，亦茅类也。陆机《草木疏》云∶菅似茅而滑无毛，根
下五寸中有白粉者，柔韧宜为索，沤之尤善。其未沤者，名野菅，《诗》所谓白茅菅兮是此
也。入药与茅等。其屋苫茅经久者，主卒吐血，细锉三升，酒浸，煮服一升，良已。
\r百合\ph178.bmp\r，生荆州川谷，今近道处处有之。春生苗，高数尺，秆粗如箭；
四面有叶如鸡距，又似
柳叶，青色，叶近茎微紫，茎端碧白；四、五月开红白花，如石榴觜而大；根如葫蒜重叠
，生二、三十瓣。二月、八月采根，曝干。人亦蒸食之，甚益气。又有一种，花黄有黑斑细
叶，叶间有黑子，不堪入药。徐锴《岁时广记》∶二月种百合法∶宜鸡粪。或云百合是蚯蚓
所化，而反好鸡粪，理不可知也。又百合作面，最益人，取根曝干，捣细，筛，食之如法。
张仲景治百合病，有百合知母汤、百合滑石代赭汤、百合鸡子汤、百合地黄汤，凡四方，病
名百合，而用百合治之，不识其义。
茅根，生长在楚地山谷和田野中，如今到处都有。春天生出苗叶，贴地生长像针一样，民间称为“茅针”，也可以食用，对小儿非常有益。夏天开出白花，毛茸茸的样子，到了秋天枯萎；它的根非常洁白，也很甘甜美味，六月采集根部使用。现在的人取茅针，用来敷治金属利器造成的创伤，堵塞鼻出血，治疗急性便血和尿血，效果显著。刘禹锡《传信方》治疗有头的痈肿，要求必须在患处开孔，取一根完整的茅锥（茅根尖端），煎煮十几沸后服用，痈肿立刻溃破。如果用两根就会长出两个孔，或者折断一枝分成两半，也会长出两个孔。白茅花，也主治金疮止血。还有一种菅草，也是茅类植物。陆机《草木疏》说：菅草像茅草但表面光滑无毛，根下五寸处有白色粉末的，柔韧适宜做绳索，沤制后尤其好。未经沤制的，名叫野菅，《诗经》所说的“白茅菅兮”指的就是这种。入药功效与茅根相同。那些屋顶苫盖经久的茅草，主治突然吐血，将其细切三升，用酒浸泡，煮服一升，病即可痊愈。
百合，生长在荆州川谷中，如今近道各处都有。春天生出苗叶，高数尺，茎秆粗如箭矢；四面有叶子像鸡爪距，又像柳叶，青色，靠近茎部的叶子微紫，茎端碧白；四、五月开红白花，形状像石榴嘴但更大；根像葫芦蒜头一样重叠，生有二三十瓣。二月、八月采集根部，晒干。人们也蒸着吃它，非常补益气力。又有一种，花黄且有黑斑细叶，叶间有黑子，不适合入药。徐锴《岁时广记》记载：二月种植百合的方法：宜用鸡粪。有人说百合是蚯蚓所化，却反而喜欢鸡粪，其中的道理不可知。另外百合做成面食，最有益于人，取根晒干，捣碎成细粉，筛过，按法食用。张仲景治疗百合病，有百合知母汤、百合滑石代赭汤、百合鸡子汤、百合地黄汤，共四方，病名叫做百合，而用百合来治疗它，我不明白其中的义理。
Mao Gen (Rhizoma Imperatae), grows in the valleys and fields of Chu region, and is now found everywhere. In spring, it produces seedlings that spread on the ground like needles; commonly known as "Mao Zhen" (Mao Needle), it is also edible and highly beneficial for children. In summer, it bears white flowers, fluffy in appearance, and withers in autumn; its rhizome is extremely white and sweet, collected in June for medicinal use. Nowadays, people use Mao Zhen to apply to traumatic wounds caused by metal instruments, to stop epistaxis (nosebleed), and to treat acute hematochezia (blood in stool) and hematuria (blood in urine), with remarkable efficacy. Liu Yuxi's *Chuanxin Fang* treats carbuncles with heads by requiring an incision at the site, taking one whole Mao Zhui (tip of the rhizome), boiling it for about ten times until boiling, and administering it orally, causing immediate suppuration. If two are used, two holes will form; or if one stem is broken into two, two holes will also form. Bai Mao Hua (White Imperata Flower) also treats traumatic wounds and stops bleeding. There is also a plant called Jian, which belongs to the same category as Mao. Lu Ji's *Caomu Shu* states: Jian resembles Mao but is smooth and hairless; within five cun below the root, there is white powder, making it flexible and tough, suitable for making ropes, especially after retting. The unretted variety is named Ye Jian (Wild Jian), referred to in the *Shi Jing* (Classic of Poetry) as "Bai Mao Jian Xi." Its medicinal efficacy is equal to that of Mao. Old thatch used for roofing for a long time treats sudden hematemesis (vomiting blood); finely cut three sheng, soaked in wine, boiled, and one sheng administered orally, leading to recovery.
Bai He (Bulbus Lilii), grows in the rivers and valleys of Jingzhou, and is now found everywhere along nearby roads. In spring, it produces seedlings several chi high, with stems as thick as arrows; leaves grow on all four sides, resembling chicken spurs or willow leaves, green in color, slightly purple near the stem, and blue-white at the stem tip; in April and May, it bears red and white flowers, larger than pomegranate calyxes; the rhizome overlaps like garlic bulbs, consisting of twenty to thirty scales. Collected in February and August, then dried in the sun. People also steam and eat it, which greatly tonifies Qi. Another variety has yellow flowers with black spots and fine leaves, with black seeds among the leaves, unsuitable for medicinal use. Xu Kai's *Suoshi Guangji* records the method for planting Bai He in February: using chicken manure is suitable. Some say Bai He is transformed from earthworms, yet prefers chicken manure, the reason for which is unknown. Additionally, Bai He made into flour/paste is most beneficial to humans; take the rhizome, dry it, grind it into fine powder, sieve it, and consume it according to proper methods. Zhang Zhongjing treated Baihe Bing (Lily Disease) with four formulas: Baihe Zhi Mu Tang (Lily and Anemone Decoction), Baihe Huashi Daizhe Tang (Lily, Talcum, and Hematite Decoction), Baihe Jizi Tang (Lily and Egg Yolk Decoction), and Baihe Dihuang Tang (Lily and Rehmannia Decoction). The disease is named Baihe Bing, and Bai He is used to treat it; I do not understand the rationale behind this.