蒴 ，文具陆英条下。
\r夏枯草\ph262.bmp\r，生蜀郡川谷，今河东、淮、浙州郡亦有之。冬至后生，叶似
旋复；三月、四月开花
，作穗紫白色，似丹参花；结子亦作穗，至五月枯。四月采。
\r蚤休\ph263.bmp\r，即紫河车也，俗呼重楼金线。生山阳川谷及冤句，今河中、河
阳、华、凤、文州及江
淮间亦有之。苗叶似王孙、鬼臼等，作二、三层；六月开黄紫花，蕊赤黄色，上有金丝垂下
；秋结红子；根似肥姜，皮赤肉白。四月、五月采根。日干用。
\r虎杖\ph264.bmp\r，一名苦杖。旧不载所出州郡，今处处有之。三月生苗，茎如竹
笋状；上有赤斑点，初
生便分枝丫；叶似小杏叶；七月开花，九月结实。南中出者，无花。根皮黑色，破开即黄，
似柳根。亦有高丈余者。《尔雅》云∶ ，虎杖。郭璞云∶似荭草而粗大，有细刺，可以染
赤是也。二月、三月采根，曝干。河东人烧根灰，贴诸恶疮。浙中医工，取根，洗去皱皮，
锉焙，捣筛，蜜丸如赤豆。陈米饮下，治肠痔下血甚佳。俗间以甘草同煎为饮，色如琥珀可
爱，瓶盛置井中，令冷彻如冰，极解暑毒。其汁染米作糜糕，益美。
\r鼠尾草\ph265.bmp\r，旧不载所出州土，云生平泽中，今所在有之。惟黔中人采为
药。苗如蒿，夏生茎端
，作四、五穗，穗若车前，花有赤、白二色。《尔雅》谓 ，鼠尾。云可以染皂草也。四月
采叶，七月采花，阴干。古治痢多用之。姚氏云∶浓煮汁如薄饴，饮五合，日三。赤下用赤
花，白下用白花，瘥。
蒴，详细内容参见“文具陆英”条目下。
夏枯草，生长在蜀郡的山谷中，如今河东、淮河、浙江等地的州郡也有生长。它在冬至后开始生长，叶子形状像旋复花；三月、四月开花，花序呈穗状，颜色为紫白色，类似丹参的花；结出的种子也呈穗状，到了五月就会枯萎。在四月采收。
蚤休，就是紫河车，俗称重楼金线。生长在向阳的山谷以及冤句等地，如今河中、河阳、华州、凤州、文州以及江淮之间也有生长。它的苗叶形状像王孙、鬼臼等植物，分为二至三层；六月开出黄紫色的花，花蕊为赤黄色，上面有金丝垂下；秋天结出红色的果实；根部形状像肥大的生姜，外皮红色，肉质白色。在四月、五月采收根部，晒干后使用。
虎杖，又名苦杖。旧籍未记载其生长的州郡，如今各地都有生长。三月长出苗，茎秆像竹笋的形状；上面有红色的斑点，刚长出来就分叉；叶子像小杏叶；七月开花，九月结果实。南方出产的没有花。根部外皮黑色，破开后内部呈黄色，类似柳根。也有高达一丈多的。《尔雅》中说：这是虎杖。郭璞说：它像荭草但更粗大，有细小的刺，可以用来染成红色。在二月、三月采收根部，晒干。河东人将根烧成灰，敷贴各种恶疮。浙江地区的中医工匠，取根部，洗去皱皮，切碎焙干，捣碎过筛，用蜂蜜制成如赤豆大小的药丸。用陈米汤送服，治疗肠痔便血效果很好。民间常用甘草同煎作为饮料，颜色像琥珀一样可爱，装在瓶子里放入井中，使其冷却得像冰一样，极能解暑毒。其汁液染色米饭做成糜糕，味道更美。
鼠尾草，旧籍未记载其生长的州土，据说生长在平原沼泽中，如今各地都有生长。只有贵州一带的人将其采作药物。苗像蒿草，夏天在茎端生长，形成四五个穗，穗形像车前草，花朵有红、白两种颜色。《尔雅》中说：这是鼠尾。说它可以用来染皂草。四月采收叶子，七月采收花，阴干。古代治疗痢疾多用此药。姚氏说：浓煮汁液像稀薄的饴糖，每次饮用五合，每天三次。赤色痢疾用红花，白色痢疾用白花，病即可痊愈。
Shu (Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus), see details under the entry "Wenju Luying".
Xiakucao (Prunellae Spica) grows in the valleys of Shujun. It is now also found in Hedong, Huaihe, and Zhejiang prefectures. It begins to grow after the Winter Solstice. The leaves resemble those of Inula (Xuanfu). It flowers in March and April, forming spike-like inflorescences that are purple-white in color, resembling the flowers of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen). The seeds also form spikes and wither by May. Harvested in April.
Zaoxiu (Paris polyphylla), also known as Zihache, commonly called Chonglou Jinian. It grows in sunny valleys and Yuanju. It is now also found in Hezhong, Heyang, Huazhou, Fengzhou, Wenzhou, and between the Jianghuai regions. The seedlings and leaves resemble those of Wangsun and Jiubai, arranged in two or three layers. It blooms yellow-purple flowers in June, with red-yellow stamens and golden filaments hanging down. It bears red fruits in autumn. The root resembles fat ginger, with a red skin and white flesh. The roots are harvested in April and May and dried in the sun for use.
Huzhang (Polygonum cuspidatum), also known as Ku Zhang. Old texts do not record its specific origin prefectures; it is now found everywhere. Seedlings emerge in March, with stems resembling bamboo shoots. They have red spots and branch out immediately upon emerging. The leaves resemble small apricot leaves. It flowers in July and fruits in September. Those produced in the South do not flower. The root bark is black, turning yellow when broken, resembling willow roots. Some plants grow over one zhang tall. The *Erya* states: "This is Huzhang." Guo Pu comments: "It resembles Hongcao but is thicker and larger, with fine thorns, and can be used to dye red." Roots are harvested in February and March and sun-dried. People in Hedong burn the roots to ash and apply them to various malignant sores. Medical practitioners in Zhejiang take the roots, wash off the wrinkled skin, cut and roast them, pound and sieve them, then make honey pills the size of adzuki beans. Taken with aged rice water, they are very effective for treating intestinal hemorrhoids and bloody stools. Commonly, licorice root is decocted together to make a beverage with an amber-like color, which is pleasing to the eye. Stored in bottles placed in wells to cool thoroughly like ice, it effectively resolves summer heat toxicity. Its juice can dye rice to make porridge cakes, which are delicious.
Shuweicao (Salvia plebeia), old texts do not record its specific origin, stating it grows in plains and marshes. It is now found everywhere. Only people in Qian province harvest it as medicine. The seedlings resemble mugwort. In summer, spikes grow at the stem tips, numbering four or five, resembling Plantago asiatica spikes. The flowers are either red or white. The *Erya* states: "This is Shuweiao." It says it can be used to dye soap grass. Leaves are harvested in April, flowers in July, and dried in the shade. It was often used in ancient times to treat dysentery. Yao's records state: Decoct the juice until thick like thin malt syrup. Drink five he per dose, three times a day. Use red flowers for bloody dysentery and white flowers for non-bloody dysentery; the illness will heal.