\r野狼毒\ph276.bmp\r，生秦亭山谷及奉高，今陕西州郡及辽、石州亦有之。苗叶似商
陆及大黄，茎叶上有毛
；四月开花，八月结实；根皮黄，肉白。二月、八月采根，阴干。以陈而沉水者良。葛洪治
心腹相连常胀痛者。用野狼毒二两，附子半两，捣筛，蜜丸如桐子大。一日服一丸，二日二丸
，三日三丸。再一丸，至六日，又三丸；自一至三常服
，即瘥。《千金》疗恶疾，以野狼毒，秦艽分两等，捣末，酒服方寸匕，日二常服之，瘥。
\r鬼臼\ph277.bmp\r，生九真山谷及冤句，今江宁府、滁、舒、商、齐、杭、襄、峡
州、荆门军亦有之，多
生深山岩石之阴。叶似蓖麻、重楼辈；初生一茎，茎端一叶，亦有两歧者，年长一茎，茎枯
为一臼，二十年则二十臼也；花生茎间，赤色，三月开，后结实，根肉皮须，并似射干，俗
用皆是射干，当细别之。七月、八月采根，曝干用。古方治五尸、鬼疰、百毒、恶气方用之
。一说鬼臼生深山阴地，叶六出或五出，如雁掌。茎端一叶如伞，盖旦时东向，及暮则西倾
，盖随日出没也。花红紫如荔枝，正在叶下，常为叶所蔽，未常见日。一年生一叶，既枯则
为一臼，及八、九年则八、九臼矣。然一年一臼生而臼腐，盖陈新相易也，故俗又名曰害母
草。如芋魁、乌头辈亦然。新苗生则旧苗死，前年之魁腐矣。而本
草注谓全似射干，今射干体状虽相似，然臼形浅薄，大异鬼臼。鬼臼如八、九天南星侧比相
叠，而色理正如射干。要者，当使人求苗采之，市中不复有也。
野狼毒，生长在秦亭的山谷以及奉高，如今陕西各州郡以及辽州、石州也有出产。它的苗叶形状像商陆和大黄，茎和叶上长有毛；四月开花，八月结果实；根部外皮呈黄色，内部肉质为白色。二月和八月采集根部，阴干保存。以陈旧且放入水中能下沉的为优质品。葛洪治疗心腹相连处经常胀痛的症状，使用野狼毒二两，附子半两，捣碎过筛，用蜂蜜制成如梧桐子大小的丸药。第一天服用一丸，第二天服用两丸，第三天服用三丸。第四天再服一丸（此处原文逻辑似有脱漏或特指某种递增/递减规律，依原文直译：再服一丸），到第六天又服三丸；从第一日到第三日持续服用，病即可痊愈。《千金方》治疗恶疾，将野狼毒与秦艽按等量比例，捣成粉末，用酒送服一方寸匕的量，每日两次长期服用，病可痊愈。
鬼臼，生长在九真山谷以及冤句，如今江宁府、滁州、舒州、商州、齐州、杭州、襄州、峡州、荆门军等地也有分布，多生长于深山岩石的背阴处。叶子形状像蓖麻、重楼这类植物；刚出生时只有一根茎，茎顶端长一片叶子，也有分叉成两枝的，每年长出一根新茎，老茎枯萎后形成一个“臼”（块状结节），二十年则形成二十个“臼”。花生长在茎之间，呈赤色，三月开放，之后结果实，根的肉质、外皮和须根都像射干，但民间常误将其当作射干使用，应当仔细辨别。七月和八月采集根部，晒干后使用。古方中治疗五尸、鬼疰、百毒、恶气等病症时会用到它。另一种说法称鬼臼生长在深山阴湿之地，叶子有六裂或五裂，形状像大雁的脚掌。茎顶端的叶子像伞盖，早晨朝向东方，到了傍晚则向西倾斜，大概是随着太阳的出没而转动。花朵红紫色像荔枝，位于叶子下方，常被叶子遮挡，很少见到阳光。一年长出一片叶子，枯萎后就形成一个“臼”，等到八、九年就有八、九个“臼”了。然而每年新生的“臼”长出而旧的“臼”腐烂，这是新旧更替的现象，所以民间也叫它“害母草”。芋魁、乌头这类植物也是这样。新苗生出时旧苗就会死亡，前年的块根也就腐烂了。而本草注释中说它完全像射干，如今射干的形态虽然相似，但是其“臼”的形状浅薄，与鬼臼大不相同。鬼臼像八、九天南星侧面的样子互相叠压，而颜色和纹理确实像射干。关键之处在于，应当让人去寻找带苗的植物来采挖，市场上已经不再有了。
Wild Langdu (Stellera chamaejasme), grows in the valleys of Qinting and Fenggao. Currently, it is also found in various prefectures of Shaanxi, as well as Liao Prefecture and Shizhou. Its seedlings and leaves resemble those of Phytolaccae Radix (Phytolacca acinosa) and Rheum Palmatum (Rhubarb); the stems and leaves have hairs; flowers bloom in April, and fruits mature in August; the root bark is yellow, while the internal flesh is white. The roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the shade. Those that are aged and sink in water are considered superior. Ge Hong treated conditions characterized by continuous distending pain connecting the heart and abdomen using two liang of Wild Langdu and half a liang of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Prepared Side Root of Chinese Monkshood). These were pounded, sifted, and formed into honey pills the size of Torreya seeds. On the first day, one pill was taken; on the second day, two pills; on the third day, three pills. Then one more pill was taken, and on the sixth day, three pills again; taking them continuously from the first to the third day would result in recovery. *Qianjin Fang* treats malignant diseases by mixing equal parts of Wild Langdu and Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix (Gentian Root), pounding them into powder, and administering one fangcun bi (a square-inch measure) with wine twice daily for continued use, leading to recovery.
Guibai (Podophyllum emodi), grows in the valleys of Jiuzhen and Yuanju. Currently, it is also distributed in Jiangning Prefecture, Chuzhou, Shuzhou, Shangzhou, Qizhou, Hangzhou, Xiangzhou, Xiastate, and Jingmen Jun, mostly growing in the shady areas of deep mountains and rocks. The leaves resemble those of Ricinus Communis (Castor Bean) and Paris Polyphylla (Seven-leaf One-flower); initially, there is only one stem with a single leaf at the tip, though some may bifurcate. Each year, a new stem grows, and when the old stem withers, it forms one "mortar" (a corm-like node); after twenty years, there will be twenty mortars. Flowers grow between the stems, are reddish, bloom in March, and bear fruit afterward. The root flesh, bark, and fibrous roots resemble Belamcandae Rhizoma (Blackberry Lily Rhizome), but folk usage often confuses it with Belamcandae Rhizoma, so careful distinction is necessary. The roots are harvested in July and August and sun-dried for use. Ancient prescriptions used it for treating Five Corpse Diseases, Gui Zhu (Ghost Attachment), Hundred Toxins, and Evil Qi. Another account states that Guibai grows in the shady places of deep mountains, with leaves having six or five lobes, resembling goose feet. The single leaf at the stem tip resembles an umbrella canopy, facing east in the morning and tilting west by evening, likely following the sunrise and sunset. The flowers are red-purple like lychee, located beneath the leaves, often obscured by them, rarely seeing sunlight. It produces one leaf per year; once withered, it becomes one mortar. By eight or nine years, there are eight or nine mortars. However, each year a new mortar grows while the old one rots, representing the exchange of old and new, hence the folk name "Mother-Harming Grass." This is similar for Colocasia Esculenta Corms (Taro) and Aconiti Radix (Monkshood Root). When new shoots emerge, the old shoots die, and the corms from the previous year rot. Although herbal commentaries state it looks entirely like Belamcandae Rhizoma, although the body shape of modern Belamcandae Rhizoma is similar, its mortar shape is shallow and thin, greatly differing from Guibai. Guibai resembles the side-by-side overlapping of Tian Nan Xing (Arisaema Consanguineum) from eight or nine years, and its color and texture indeed resemble Belamcandae Rhizoma. Crucially, one must seek out plants with seedlings for harvesting, as they are no longer available in markets.