\r零陵香\ph219.bmp\r，生零陵山谷，今湖岭诸州皆有之。多生下湿地，叶如麻，两
两相对；茎方，气如蘼
芜，常以七月中旬开花，至香；古所谓薰草是也。或云蕙草，亦此也。又云其茎叶谓之蕙，
其根谓之薰，三月采，脱节者良。今岭南收之，皆作窑灶，以火炭焙干，令黄色乃佳。江淮
间亦有土生者，作香亦可用，但不及湖岭者芬薰耳。古方但用薰草，而不用零陵香。今合香
家及面膏澡豆诸法皆用之，都下市肆货之甚多。
\r甘松香\ph220.bmp\r，出姑臧，今黔、蜀州郡及辽州亦有之。丛生山野，叶细如茅
草，根极繁密。八月采
。作汤浴，令人体香。
\r天麻\ph221.bmp\r，生郓州、利州、泰山、崂山、诸山，今京东、京西、湖南、淮
南州郡亦有之。春生苗
，初出若芍药，独抽一茎直上，高三、二尺，如箭杆状，青赤色，故名赤箭脂；茎中空，依
半以上，贴茎微有尖小叶；梢头生成穗，开花结子，如豆粒大；其子至夏不落，却透虚入茎
中，潜生土内；其根形如黄瓜，连生一、二十枚，大者有重半斤，或五、六两，其皮黄白色
，名白龙皮。肉名天麻。二月、三月、五月、八月内采。初取得，乘润利去皮，沸汤略煮过
，曝干收之。嵩山、衡山人，或取生者蜜煎作果食之，甚珍。
零陵香，生长于零陵的山谷中，如今在湖岭各州都有出产。多生长在低湿之地，叶子像麻叶，两片相对；茎呈方形，气味像蘼芜，常在七月中旬开花，此时香气最浓；这就是古人所说的薰草。有人说蕙草也是这种植物。又说它的茎叶称为蕙，根称为薰，三月采收，节间脱落的品质优良。如今岭南地区采集的零陵香，都用窑灶，用炭火焙干，使其变成黄色才好。江淮之间也有土生的零陵香，制作香料也可以使用，但不如湖岭产的芬芳浓郁。古方只使用薰草，而不使用零陵香。如今合香家以及面膏、澡豆等各种方法都使用它，京城市场上售卖的非常多。
甘松香，产于姑臧，如今黔、蜀各州郡以及辽州也有出产。丛生于山野之中，叶子细长如茅草，根部极其繁密。八月采收。煮水洗澡，能使人体散发香气。
天麻，生长在郓州、利州、泰山、崂山等山区，如今京东、京西、湖南、淮南各州郡也有出产。春天生苗，刚长出时像芍药，单独抽出一根茎直向上长，高三四尺，像箭杆一样，青赤色，所以名叫赤箭脂；茎中空，上半部分贴着茎有微小的尖叶；梢头长成穗状，开花结子，种子像豆粒大；这些种子到夏天不落，反而透入空心的茎中，潜伏生长在土内；其根形状像黄瓜，连生一二十枚，大的重半斤，或五、六两，外皮黄白色，名叫白龙皮。肉质部分名叫天麻。二月、三月、五月、八月内采收。刚采得时，趁湿润容易去皮，用沸水略微煮过，晒干后收藏。嵩山、衡山的人，有的取生的天麻用蜜煎制作为果品食用，非常珍贵。
Lingling Xiang (Zhegenia Rhizome), grows in the valleys of Lingling, and is now produced in various prefectures of Huling. It mostly grows in low-lying, damp areas; its leaves resemble those of hemp, arranged opposite each other; the stem is square-shaped, with an odor similar to Miwu (Angelica dahurica); it flowers in mid-July, at which time it is most fragrant; this is what the ancients referred to as Xuncao (Acorus tatarinowii). Some say Huicao (Agastache rugosa) is also this plant. It is further stated that its stems and leaves are called Hui, while its root is called Xun. Harvested in March, those with detached nodes are of superior quality. Currently, Lingling Xiang collected in Lingnan is dried in kiln stoves using charcoal heat until it turns yellow, which is considered ideal. There is also a locally grown variety in the Jianghuai region, which can be used for incense making, but it is not as fragrant as that from Huling. Ancient prescriptions used only Xuncao, not Lingling Xiang. However, modern incense makers and methods for face powders and bath beans all use it, and it is sold abundantly in the markets of the capital.
Gansong Xiang (Nardostachys Rhizome), originates from Guzang, and is now also found in prefectures of Qian and Shu, as well as Liao. It grows in clumps in mountains and wilds; its leaves are slender like grass, and its roots are extremely dense. Harvested in August. Used in decoctions for bathing, it imparts a fragrance to the body.
Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma), grows in the mountains of Yunzhou, Lizhou, Mount Tai, Laoshan, and others. It is now also found in prefectures of Jingdong, Jingxi, Hunan, and Huainan. Sprouts emerge in spring; initially resembling Peony (Paeonia lactiflora), a single stem shoots straight up, three or two chi high, arrow-like in shape, greenish-red in color, hence named Chijianzhi (Red Arrow Fat); the stem is hollow, with small pointed leaves attached along more than half its length; the tip forms a spike, flowers, and produces seeds the size of bean grains; these seeds do not fall even in summer, but penetrate into the hollow stem, growing secretly underground; its root resembles a cucumber, growing in clusters of ten to twenty pieces, with large ones weighing half a jin or five to six liang; the skin is yellowish-white, named Bailongpi (White Dragon Skin). The fleshy part is named Tianma. Harvested in February, March, May, and August. Upon initial collection, while still moist, peel it easily; briefly boil in boiling water, then sun-dry for storage. People in Songshan and Hengshan sometimes take raw Tianma, preserve it in honey, and eat it as a delicacy, considering it very precious.