一名鼠粘子，一名恶实
泻热，解毒
辛平。润肺解热，散结除风，利咽膈，理痰嗽，消斑疹，利二便，行十二经。散诸肿疮
疡之毒，利腰膝凝滞之气（性冷而滑利，痘症虚寒泄泻者忌服）。
实如葡萄而褐色，酒拌蒸，待有霜，拭去用。根苦寒。竹刀刮净，绞汁，蜜和服，治中
风，汗出乃愈。捣和猪脂，贴疮肿及翻花疮（肉翻出如花状）。
泻热，解毒
甘微辛，有小毒。功专清热散结。
治痈疮疔肿，瘰 结核（醋磨涂）。解诸毒、虫毒、蛇、虫、狂犬伤。
根与慈菇、小蒜相类，去毛壳用（玉枢丹中用之。《广笔记》云∶出处州遂昌县洪山，
无毛，云真者有毛，误也）。
泻热，解毒
咸软坚，苦下泄，寒胜热。入胃、大肠，通肺、小肠。散热解毒，通经下乳，排脓止血
，生肌杀虫。
治遗精尿血，痈疽发背（古方以漏芦汤为称首），及预解时行痘疹毒（取其寒胜热，又
能入阳明故也）。
出闽中，茎如油麻，枯黑如漆者真。甘草拌蒸。连翘为使。
泻热，解毒
味苦微寒，有毒，而能解邪热之毒。
治崩中带下，产后血气胀痛，破症瘕，发斑痘（王海藏快斑散用之），化骨哽（能软坚），
杀三虫。
根似狗脊而大。汁能制三黄，化五金，伏钟乳、结砂、制汞，解毒软坚（以此浸水缸中
，日饮其水，能辟时疾）。
牛蒡子，又名鼠粘子，又名恶实。
具有泻热、解毒的功效。
味辛，性平。能润肺解热，散结祛风，利咽喉膈膜，调理痰嗽，消除斑疹，通利大小便，通行十二经脉。能消散各种肿疮疡的毒气，疏通腰膝部的凝滞之气（其性质寒凉且滑利，痘症属虚寒导致泄泻者忌服）。
果实形状像葡萄，呈褐色，用酒拌蒸，待表面出现白霜后，擦去使用。根部味苦，性寒。用竹刀刮净外皮，绞取汁液，与蜂蜜调和服用，可治疗中风，出汗后即痊愈。捣碎后与猪脂混合，外贴于疮肿及翻花疮（肉质翻出如花状）处。
贯众，具有泻热、解毒的功效。
味甘微辛，有小毒。功效专于清热散结。
治疗痈疮疔肿、瘰疬结核（用醋磨涂患处）。解除各种毒物、虫毒、蛇咬伤、虫咬伤及狂犬病咬伤。
其根与慈菇、小蒜相似，需去除毛壳使用（玉枢丹中会用到它。《广笔记》记载：产自处州遂昌县洪山，无毛，说真正的贯众有毛是错误的说法）。
败酱草，具有泻热、解毒的功效。
味咸能软坚，味苦能下泄，性寒能胜热。入胃经和大肠经，通达肺经和小肠经。能散热解毒，通经络下乳汁，排脓止血，生肌杀虫。
治疗遗精尿血、痈疽发背（古方中以漏芦汤为首选），以及预先解除时行痘疹的毒气（取其寒性胜热，又能入阳明经的缘故）。
产于闽中地区，茎像油麻，枯黑如漆的为真品。用甘草拌蒸。以连翘为引经药。
土茯苓，味苦微寒，有毒，但能解除邪热之毒。
治疗崩漏带下、产后血气胀痛，破除癥瘕，透发斑痘（王海藏的快斑散中用到它），化解骨哽（因其能软坚），杀灭三虫。
根部形状似狗脊但较大。其汁液能制约黄连、黄芩、黄柏（三黄），溶解五金，使钟乳石、朱砂凝结，抑制水银，解毒软坚（将其浸泡在水缸中，每日饮用此水，能预防时行疫病）。
Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus), also known as Shu Nian Zi or E Shi.
It clears heat and resolves toxicity.
Pungent in flavor, neutral in nature. It moistens the lungs, clears heat, dissipates nodules, dispels wind, benefits the throat and diaphragm, regulates phlegm coughs, eliminates macules and rashes, promotes urination and defecation, and circulates through the twelve meridians. It disperses the toxicity of various swellings, sores, and ulcers, and unblocks stagnant qi in the waist and knees (Its nature is cold and slippery; it is contraindicated for patients with chickenpox presenting with deficiency-cold diarrhea).
The fruit resembles grapes and is brownish. It is steamed after being mixed with wine; once a frost-like coating appears on the surface, it is wiped off before use. The root is bitter and cold. After scraping clean with a bamboo knife, juice is extracted and taken mixed with honey to treat stroke; recovery occurs when sweating ensues. Crushed and mixed with lard, it is applied externally to swellings, sores, and fungating wounds (where flesh protrudes like flowers).
Guan Zhong (Cyrtomii Rhizoma) clears heat and resolves toxicity.
Sweet and slightly pungent, with slight toxicity. Its action specializes in clearing heat and dissipating nodules.
It treats carbuncles, sores, furuncles, and scrofula (apply using vinegar grinding). It resolves various toxins, insect venom, snakebites, insect bites, and rabies bites.
The root resembles Colocasia esculenta (Taro) and Allium macrostemon; the hairy husk must be removed before use (It is used in Yu Shu Dan. *Guang Biji* states it originates from Hongshan County Suichang, Chuzhou, and is hairless; the claim that authentic Guan Zhong has hair is incorrect).
Bai Jiang Cao (Patriniae Herba) clears heat and resolves toxicity.
Salty in flavor to soften hardness, bitter to drain downward, and cold to overcome heat. It enters the Stomach and Large Intestine meridians, and connects to the Lung and Small Intestine meridians. It dissipates heat, resolves toxicity, unblocks meridians, promotes lactation, discharges pus, stops bleeding, generates flesh, and kills parasites.
It treats spermatorrhea and hematuria, back abscesses (in ancient formulas, Lou Lu Tang is considered primary), and pre-emptively resolves the toxicity of epidemic smallpox/rubella (due to its cold nature overcoming heat and its entry into the Yangming meridian).
It originates from the Min region. The stem resembles Sesamum indicum; those that are black and lacquer-like when dried are authentic. It is steamed with licorice root. Forsythia suspensa (Lian Qiao) serves as the guiding herb.
Tu Fu Ling (Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma) is bitter and slightly cold, toxic, yet capable of resolving the toxicity of pathogenic heat.
It treats metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, postpartum distension and pain due to blood and qi stagnation, breaks up masses (Zheng Jia), induces eruption of macules and pustules (used in Wang Haicang's Kuai Ban San), dissolves fish bones (due to its ability to soften hardness), and kills three types of intestinal parasites.
The root resembles Dryopteris crassirhizoma (Gou Ji) but is larger. Its juice can restrain the "Three Yellows" (San Huang: Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex), dissolve metals, precipitate stalactite and cinnabar, control mercury, resolve toxicity, and soften hardness (Soaking it in water vats and drinking this water daily can prevent epidemic diseases).