祛风温，补肺肾，明目
味兼甘苦，性禀平和，备受四气（冬苗、春叶、夏蕊、秋花），饱经霜露，得金、水之
精居多。能益金、水二脏（肺肾），以制火而平木（心肝）。木平则风息，火降则热除。故能
养目血，去翳膜（与枸杞相对蜜丸久服，永无目疾）。治头目眩晕（风热），散湿痹游风。
以单瓣味甘者入药（花小味苦者，名苦薏，非真菊也。《牧署闲谈》云∶真菊延龄，野
菊泻人）。术、枸杞、地骨皮为使。黄者入阴分，白者入阳分。紫者入血分。可药可饵，可
酿可枕，《仙经》重之。
补肺肾，涩精气。
性温。五味俱备（皮甘、肉酸，核中苦辛，都有咸味）酸咸为多，故专收敛肺气而滋肾
水（气为水母。经曰∶肺欲收，急食酸以收之。王好古曰∶入手太阴血分、足少阴气分）。
益气生津（肺主气，敛故能益，益气故能生津。夏月宜常服，以泻火而益金），补虚明目，
强阴涩精（仲景八味丸，加之补肾。盖内核似肾，象形之义）退热敛汗，止呕住泻，宁嗽定
喘（感风寒而喘嗽者当表散，宜羌、防、苏、桔；痰壅气逆而喘嗽者当清降，宜二陈及苏子
降气汤；水气逆而喘嗽者，宜小青龙半夏茯苓汤；气虚病久而喘嗽者，宜人参五味）除烦渴，
消水肿，解酒毒，收耗散之气，瞳子散大。嗽初起脉数有实火者忌用（丹溪曰∶五味收肺气，
非除热乎，补肾非暧火脏乎？乃火热嗽必用之药，寇氏所谓食之多虚热者，收补之骤也。闵
守泉每晨吞北五味三十粒，固精气，益五脏）。
北产紫黑者良。入滋补药蜜浸蒸，入劳嗽药生用，俱槌碎核。南产色红而枯，若风寒在
肺宜南者。苁蓉为使。恶葳蕤。熬膏良。
味道兼有甘和苦，性质平和，充分具备四季之气（冬之苗、春之叶、夏之蕊、秋之花），饱经霜露，大多汲取了金（肺）和水（肾）的精华。能够补益金、水两脏（即肺和肾），从而制约心火并平息肝木。肝木平和则内风自息，心火下降则热邪消除。因此能够滋养目血，去除翳膜（与枸杞子相对，炼蜜为丸长期服用，可永无眼疾）。治疗头目眩晕（由风热引起），疏散湿痹和游走之风。以单瓣且味甘的菊花入药（花朵小且味苦的，名为苦薏，不是真正的菊花。《牧署闲谈》说：真菊延年益寿，野菊泻人元气）。以白术、枸杞子、地骨皮作为引经药。黄色的菊花进入阴分，白色的菊花进入阳分，紫色的菊花进入血分。既可入药又可食用，既可酿酒又可做枕头，《仙经》中很重视它。
性质温。五味俱全（外皮甘、果肉酸，核中苦辛，都带有咸味），其中酸味和咸味居多，所以专门收敛肺气并滋补肾水（气为水之母。医经说：肺喜收敛，急需吃酸味食物来收敛它。王好古说：入手太阴肺经的血分、足少阴肾经的气分）。益气生津（肺主气，收敛故能补气，补气故能生津。夏季适宜常服，以清泻火热并补益肺金），补虚明目，强阴涩精（张仲景的八味丸，加入此药以补肾。大概因为内核形状像肾，这是取象比类的意义）。退热敛汗，止呕止泻，宁嗽定喘（因感受风寒而喘嗽的应当解表发散，宜用羌活、防风、紫苏、桔梗；痰壅气逆而喘嗽的应当清降，宜用二陈汤及苏子降气汤；水气上逆而喘嗽的，宜用小青龙半夏茯苓汤；气虚病久导致喘嗽的，宜用人参五味子）。除烦渴，消水肿，解酒毒，收摄耗散之气，使瞳孔散大。咳嗽初起、脉数且有实火的患者忌用（朱丹溪说：五味子收敛肺气，难道不是清除热邪吗？补肾难道不是温暖火脏吗？它是治疗火热咳嗽必须使用的药物，寇宗奭所说的吃多了产生虚热，是因为收敛和补益过于突然所致。闵守泉每天早晨吞服北方产的五味子三十粒，以固护精气，补益五脏）。
北方出产的紫黑色者质量优良。入滋补药中需蜜浸蒸制，入劳嗽药中生用，都要捶碎果核。南方出产的颜色红而干枯，如果风寒在肺宜选用南产的。以肉苁蓉作为引经药。畏葳蕤（玉竹）。熬成膏剂效果良好。
Dispel wind-heat, tonify the Lung and Kidney, brighten the eyes.
The taste is both sweet and bitter, the nature is mild and peaceful, fully possessing the Qi of the four seasons (sprouts in winter, leaves in spring, stamens/pistils in summer, flowers in autumn), having experienced frost and dew, it mostly absorbs the essence of Metal (Lung) and Water (Kidney). It can benefit the two Zang organs of Metal and Water (i.e., Lung and Kidney), thereby restraining Fire and pacifying Wood (Liver). When Wood is pacified, internal wind ceases; when Fire descends, heat is eliminated. Therefore, it can nourish the blood of the eyes and remove nebulae (taken with Gouqi [Lycii Fructus], made into pills with honey for long-term use, ensuring no eye diseases). It treats dizziness and vertigo of the head and eyes (caused by wind-heat), disperses damp-bi and wandering wind. Single-petaled varieties with a sweet taste are used as medicine (varieties with small flowers and bitter taste are named Kuyi [Ixeris sonchifolia], not true Chrysanthemum. *Mushu Xiantan* states: True Chrysanthemum extends life, wild Chrysanthemum drains vitality). Baizhu [Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma], Gouqi [Lycii Fructus], and Digupi [Lycii Cortex] serve as guiding herbs. Yellow ones enter the Yin aspect, white ones enter the Yang aspect, purple ones enter the Blood aspect. It can be used as medicine or food, brewed into wine or stuffed into pillows, highly valued in *Xianjing*.
Tonify the Lung and Kidney, astringe Essence and Qi.
The nature is warm. All five flavors are present (skin is sweet, flesh is sour, core is bitter and pungent, all carrying salty flavor), with sour and salty flavors predominating. Thus, it specifically converges Lung Qi and nourishes Kidney Water (Qi is the mother of Water. The Classics state: The Lung desires convergence, urgently requiring sour foods to converge it. Wang Haogu states: Enters the Blood aspect of the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian and the Qi aspect of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian). Benefits Qi and generates fluids (The Lung governs Qi; convergence thus benefits Qi, benefiting Qi thus generates fluids. Suitable for regular consumption in summer to clear fire and benefit Metal), tonifies deficiency and brightens the eyes, strengthens Yin and secures Essence (Zhang Zhongjing's Bawei Wan [Eight-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia Root], adding this herb to tonify the Kidney. Presumably because the inner core resembles the Kidney, following the principle of form symbolism). Reduces fever and arrests sweating, stops vomiting and diarrhea, calms coughing and wheezing (For coughing and wheezing due to Wind-Cold invasion, exterior release is indicated, using Qianghuo [Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix], Fangfeng [Saposhnikoviae Radix], Zisu [Perillae Folium], Jiegeng [Platycodonis Radix]; for coughing and wheezing due to phlegm obstruction and rebellious Qi, clearing and descending is indicated, using Erchen Tang [Two-Aged Decoction] and Suzi Jiangqi Tang [Perilla Fruit Decoction to Direct Qi Downward]; for coughing and wheezing due to water-Qi rebellion, Xiaolongqing Banxia Fuling Tang [Minor Blue Dragon Decoction with Pinellia and Poria] is indicated; for coughing and wheezing due to Qi deficiency and chronic illness, Renshen [Ginseng Radix] and Wuweizi [Schisandrae Fructus] are indicated]. Eliminates irritability and thirst, reduces edema, resolves alcohol toxicity, gathers scattered Qi, causes pupil dilation. Contraindicated for early-stage cough with rapid pulse and excess fire (Zhu Danxi said: Wuweizi converges Lung Qi, does it not clear heat? Tonifying the Kidney, does it not warm the Fire organ? It is an essential herb for treating fire-heat cough. Kou Zongshi mentioned that consuming too much causes deficient heat, due to sudden astringency and tonification. Min Shouquan swallows thirty grains of Northern Wuweizi every morning to consolidate Essence and Qi and benefit the Five Viscera).
Northern varieties that are purple-black are superior. For tonic prescriptions, soak in honey and steam; for labor-damage cough prescriptions, use raw, crushing the cores. Southern varieties are red and shriveled; if Wind-Cold is in the Lung, southern varieties are suitable. Roucongrong [Cynomorii Herba] serves as a guiding herb. Adverse against Weirui [Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma]. Making into paste is effective.